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J.B. Stoner : Transcribed Interview

Collection:: Civil Rights Library of St. Augustine
Title:: J.B. Stoner : Transcribed Interview
Creator:: Stoner, J.B.
Kallal, Edward, Jr.
Contributor to Resource:: Samuel Proctor Oral History Program, University of Florida
Date of Original:: 1976-04-06
Subject:: Civil rights--United States--Florida
People:: Stoner, Jesse Benjamin, 1924-2005
Kallal, Edward, Jr.
Robinson, Jackie, 1919-1972
Shelley, Joseph, 1915-2007
Wilson, Gene, 1953-
Cochran, Donald
Russell, Gene, 1932-
Spelin, Gene
Bryant, Farris, 1914-2002
Davis, L. O.
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968
Lynch, Connie (Charles Conley), 1912-1972
Manucy, Holsted, 1919-1995
Hayling, Robert Bagner
Wolfe, H.E.
Warren, Dan R., 1925-2011
Location:: United States, Florida, 28.75054, -82.5001
Medium:: transcripts
Type:: Text
Format:: application/pdf
Description:: Interview with J.B. Stoner, a Klansman and racial agitator who led segregationist rallies in St. Augustine in 1964. Stoner recounts his time in St. Augustine and relates how he and other Klan members were treated well in the city. Stoner discribes the various groups that engaged in white supremacy and the good working relationship they had with the local police department. Stoner recalls the various marches and rallys the Klan organized, the problems caused by local news reporters and how the police protected them from violence. Stoner insists that he and his groups won the battle of St. Augustine.
SJ JA Side One bd that-' s oue ~Y to travel. $ : t voul.dn' t "3llt to travel on .this kind o~ .thl;ng· th~gll. )\l.ght i:un into an ~ltme .. K'.: ~ li-.we- tli::LS~au· of ·. ~estion$ .. ttei·e • . ao.d .uh.; · • • $':: Okay·. &OQ:e I; 'lOD. t t won.~t De. a.Iile. to imBlirer. K: ~. your ~iglit,'.tliat's. your .p~r~ect ~egitintate. ~i:gbt, ot course . . 1'nd uh. ~.sup-pose, .t tte. Best placa to 'h;eg1n. :ts .just kind of, .hOW" di ·d .you firs t; .get involved .in, .un; St. Augu.sti'tle?' s~ Ull, I•ecmise."'l'· f-rtends .,..,.,e ao"" . there 1 such. as ConoJ.e·~, .Gene. ·Jlμssel.l. o:nd .Gene. Speltn aod otlie.rs·. · z:: Uh. !\uh. And they inv1ted you? S: Ye~. K.: Did, did .•. s: t.ocal cJ.~:eAS· paid~· cx(>en8••> do~· .. tlieke. · K"! ·Did . .ency? $1 . To . stay .. do~. tl\·e.te . Uh:, . I' .• nt , do\'il '. ttte~e . to · Speak. i1 . f:~ tiJl)e4' and -th.er pai!i _,,ylf t:hen 84V' a. greater pxoti't tu eupport~g the black.at $': l(.il be. . th~ught, thought he did. ~ll he: didn't wc.a.ct1y support the • . u11, ~igge"ts . J9ja.t they, did w:as the'.ch~ber of COll:llnQr.c o clement , uh, .uh;.he used llis influeoce 10 that tliey 1(0Uldn't.cooperate. td:th , U$ PtL~O~e .. El t · see. $• _ Bu.t they: w.nted us there to scan. 1id:tb. until knlaa. 'f.olf ..... C: \Ito's t.li.at ..t.he .chSAbel" of c~rce? S': ... :~es, .ey~r:y6bdy wanted"'*• :ov~y5;pdY· Wl¥lt•d all ..... t!; .Tliis·.'f.oilld... l)e in,' 63? S': ••• yes> •ll .o1 .it 'WJll ato~tUig in t~. t•U. .o' ' ' 6:3 o•' +o·'.b'I( :·;··. · In fact all tlie. .W:ite, ju.st .•li'out all . tile" Vtiite · people except a tew: ~gger lovers SJ 3A Side One I>k. "':- j,';;;l.t ·r: . . uH-, ~ou.-en'·:C .at ~tHJ':t nQn-sfe<:i~i«w•'.\l.J!~· " ) ~ /· L~"'""c/ ncl!e t,rQfl<')t..iV Cf,<--,~( a'/l.. S/' 2 ~ ] 1 $J 3!>,. Side One Od l'.ago 4 S: N:o str. t''9e read about it 1n the. Mt:amt Dai1y News and the Long Island papers-, ~ wi.sli'. t ''d lieen . tlie-i:e. K::: Wits .tlia.c:,. ~G that, uh, "Hr. Lynett tfult vas there? K: t:'>ve .. rcad·,several. .re~:cts aDout . that. Wh$ tho:tt, ~ that, .vov,ld you o;).y . th'at· lil;8s .t.Lfi:t.ut the -ooly ._..klAn mC~t1:~· or··th& itajor clan ineet~g that happened in "63.. d~'.tb:ere, ·or ~ore .tlicre Otlie·r· ones?· $': 'lb.at. lZSS .tJie only. R:l.4n"'~lli9-~.f#lB.f :~tfi4t ·was, ·. that llon t{a8 . the only klan tuncti.on.i;1lg iu St. ·~gustine.8.t ttte time, · in Jacksonville too • .. T?e,:e, tlier" •s =re .tlian one kl.an organ~zatio'/l;J :::;';e:'; ~ht'.. ~a·').·;:;~· ·~~/ dit;f~ent, .uh, klan organt.z0:'tion5 •ct b, fu various.""lt. T 1i>'f'MS. ·- 10 _ 1rov;-.,.any,uh, hOW"1Mny kl.on ~rgani-zations, uh, w.ould you say :we-re based tn; tih·, St. ·A:usustine. $:: Just one. IC Just one. HOw:- many, bolt' many ••• $.1 And it, it , and most of it'·e ..m;ee)Bers .w;ere Catholi~s. !\'! Ulf liuli. $'o .you ><0uld ·say .. then. th'at . the./i:'J:#(f~..v~,...,,? · ":'" _6e:. conS1d~ed· 11 ltla~ -m;a:i · o,:,.\B$.l ·t;\!li~, ,. S'! ~ lt:d ~a~ .... tl!&Y·'."Ce . on·· ~·~i-endly. te1lfl\S w;:f.:tlt, · v,lth:.the klan. K"! lfell .ttiat, ·.tttat'·s .one Of.11l.Y· ~8· tiiSto;i;ic~ . questionS ~~·y~b.een : t~fpg to so1Ve; 1s .. £~e· At.ct~t ~t~·actuaμy.a..nan ·ot· ~~s; tn.s~;.~ .. o,(·; .~~xe .~b~~ ·, . . . : c,: ;i;~~r::.5:;::~~:·: · s-: us-,· tliQe~& . ~lla,til.~- ecqe;~ ~ g.u~siF-:-irerc · ~s· cop;C Oyi!J:l3e· ia 3A Side One w 1'.•88 5 ~= / ,. .. Rut thc,._5ut tRe ooo llan vtUch 1'"0uld be diBtioct from the, it' a organizat:: lcD. say it """*·s dtatinc:.t lroa ••• K(1>vd11S lj((-.yer11s,;~eeM-U 'Diet 1ilere. aoperate tlumtM& trout .JacbonY.tlle. tele:a:a:s JIS!lllt:;1;;tr that ws u... acJ.y.nan in St. Augustine. 0 /cfAVI. • • c-1·~· JCl 1lR. ... Ii'. and t !fey, '(OU I.cl : • • $': \(ell tlie.!.idiol6 COlqllp.lui:cy; · th"e J!tiol.9 celiAu~ty: tipa, uh; {>t'ACt1cally- $0lid iu tlfe1~ . suppo~t o,. o;;f-:~~'V; f\e'"!;":· .. C Did you .np_tice i~, ao~-tlS::a,t yOU..:lm°"'toncend;,oa; 90J¥! .de&l of . .y1oleoce ..ttiat d~ .oceu-F, against .. . ch"a:.,bl.&clW.., ... :~ld .y.o u.· SP.f· f:t ·1{3o .iSIJO&. i:J..y . . youtlis· SJ 3A Stde QM bd niatteJ:. of ~royoction . I'.•&• 6 / S': tfell 'Wfien the Di88•1'• 1'{0uld come dO't(n .a,nd provokO trouble Wy .everybody' a got t.?:i.& opportu:n.ity, uh , toI Ig et .::A!-.ni3sere. II ._s'l'll~lody· vaa '""'~g .a.t u.s a safins tlfey. ~ for· 11s. t.t we fun. lei \ltiat speci11.c stepa did you,ub, t.ak.e to, u.h, generate th1a solidarity, . /(. /C- ~ th.1lU'- our rallie.a nnd utches generated fiidaTity. c And in, in tba 11Wlrchot, uh, were the ilan, u ~ux@.on ma.in1y the peop1o tKa t would ~rgaoi:e thesn., or did t fie·.AcJ.eo.t t!1c~ haye a lot .to .d~ wi~h. tbom. ti -11 ilanSOlf:D -inly orgAndzed'.illet>..f>ut .G~.its aod .that kind o~ . :t:b.ose klnd ot 11)11tto~8 . 'C St> VoUld · Y,OU' say. thougl'i that al.l in.all you'Y9 worked prettj' close vi.th SJ 3'1, ~de Ono IX! {11 e;. ~ u {. .::J ,A. Mr. !iewscc:a vh.ile }'OU ve:ce down tbere'l S: Yes sir. 1'.•s• 7 / C Acd ult', ve.''re. s2ippin3 arou.nd a li.ttle Mt, t: have lost the order of ey. no-ce:s. Hare • . And in tet'lll of eolidar i'~Y '. did you work with, uh, ·~•of tlie uh, a~e of the ao-called~ eow.er·. atructure . also? $': ~ powrf at:ruct~• aupported Ut; up until ae¥n Wolf put the preSIU't'e on~· t o .,P.tcti ' esa. 'that's w1iere the trouble••· 10 ftcd. .Ll:fey~ .lot's eay· part ot tl:iat ci:ty, u tt, Mayor Shelly· OJ' saa.eone like chat 'lf!Oul.d ••• S': V. bad, they d.l, eve.rytiody 1(88 very be.lpful. 'Ibero na, only• .1(0 bad ~c.e :lotcxfe.renc• troa Gov. Pm:ris Bryan~eent in tho soJMth~g like 25ll stat:• troopers io. Th.l.t didn't., uh, that didn' t atop us.. lt: vu _Beman W.Olfo that , uh, holped tlle n:t-ase.rs· out. E: ~ see vould .... S: Cause vet-d hava vhtpped the niggers at: tho t:IJao that, uh, .be put . tho pressure on, . vC •a already \/hipped the uJ.aser• until WOU• put the pru.aure on the aatalllisJmiant to sw,f.tcli. IO To~ ~un .in btil).I . ot 1ntiJ:)idat~n8 1..tlfe119 out ,o,l .their ,.a.r;cbo1;.·9J: '1-h; •• iA teAs ,o( vinn.1;na f1Yer· co~an.1ty .. .supi;:or't? S» t1>ll it 1!.&a cutd~8 off th~ .gmer&l ""Pl"''t. · x.~ '.DO you ·.t!i:1:nlC~ ·.you .th"'iJ\2.tO.te · ~·· a:. UJte ••• s~ ... ms told .tliQJ'.9, .. ltc. put the pi:e&s.uKe On '..tli:aill. to:.ao .ahead aod .~tart, .uh , ·~reotipg ¥0Clla!• •to ~iaser• and lett~ng· ~gge~•· e~t in.tbel~ .~•stuaro.o.ts. · · SJ< 3~ S.l.!I• One Id ;.: ~age 8 / r;: l)o you tliinlt tfiat if he bad not done that, the .federal, government ~ght liav&- cca.e in and uh,. .. to.b.n eUps. S': No, ±t.. lre.m:an WC>lfo had otayed ou t o f it V:liy most of tho ~iggets in St. """'5c:l.ne woul.d have "°"eel out. JC In ~ur wr~g .relation1hi'P ried ,.L-tli'. averY-..,llUe: il\'oui> .thot "'!!!'to. anr hel~. 0~ r: . Teall'. »v.l>m did. lie.. .. -~ ~ Dh ·:-~ .. gone, :. h"e~ l(ent . to . beoyetlfl'qclt.in, ..un ,: tbe~ &nd oi · ~o.pte:iafl.61:' 1972.. ~ iq67t - ------ --------- P•s• 9 / .... ~' 1!172... ·10 ai ":72..:' ~ate. UH~well in t~ of epe.ali,n.s .cbore.e"vu it divided pretty .zJCli ~Ur:r or uh, did 'JOU ta£e turn. .., epeakiogf '~' "'~ in. l~ , uh, · he spoke every night, utt. obout till the w;e'atbe.t: got too cold. 1n .ctse fall of :'63. And I'.\otent "9ld" dcnm aod apok.e, uh, only a. coup.le. ~.thee . Then in the, uli, 1~1p1 of. 1964, r got there at le.ast · · fr'f"lody,. uh, t:ossed a fire. tioa.6' into th&: restaurmt at Cha t11tJl'tf°.:f>7 Koan- ~e.. llarrU\ fell.ow- 111 1 j ib.e~diatrtct state.a attorney fr and t1ie 4-tcoraei-~a.l of Flortda c;:a• ove.'l 'Who vaas ~t-+t.l '" f t I l) he follo"1oa elocUCXI . ADd than, ob, JC You don't l::n05() ir"s uh ... . · $': /ID.ySody. cou.14.liavo done it, lO t- ~i>r ..tlleories,..Uacks' did 11: or th•:...i.'i.tes d~d i>.-AOd· ~ '!O~ ·.1 "'!~· .. .. Sl ... ~U .ld(ite.s·•Y· Have done it. t.'-a.12ot · ac:atsl_N: ....& :he ~gers ot dobag it"., 1C llli::llblf.· t ·.su. \all .j,u t°"" oj •.• SJ 3A ~e One bd · ~aga ll It! S: did!l.'.t 11.R.e birl ati}'Pl.Ol'e, SO :my6ody ••• ~be did :it, tie did it jut to o6ey tbo lav-doo.' t . you think.? Ve.12...fu! d.1.dn't have to go over'Board v:ith it. ·. lfqst; I • see.. tlh, hen he did S\dtch OVOl", as I:" !='ecaJ.l , you aad .. ~' n:ca f&i.=!.y aucce.aa:ful i:a organ.iz.~8 o •• • S': ~, JO ."""lilt I:J I ' neye~, · ~u know.\ ·prior to J:titS·. inc1'deot .the~ va,s no indicatioo...-. a.(, .you· i»~ die. name neve1f.sliON"id 'Up in . th• papers p.r.tor' to ~ thh. $'; lle ~pe.w •. ootIU:na. l?don .. t .thtnltaoything •"°'tild up in the ea-ee,n. =~ t.licy.: lo(CoU .th~at lytna «~ort to .clie s 1 t3teS nilte . ..aboui: . St . /i;ug:ustino. · _ . · · '1/..t CDM(Vt.·1ffc-e • •'f ,I ' Lt, ·. 11ov> l!J.ilia•I'" fi·..aec1 ~·po~x 'lyiJ>g .... poit • . · c: OK'; yvu 41oan .ttil! .floirt.t.. l_egiolatiye !.Dvesl;iaa~ •• · 13-. rek · · -j'k S': ~h·, .tile: tJxmEe: socict~~ 'Uk, l(aDtcd tt.· t:i'Pt) the' racc--,:nixf:n8 o;f:::dle- J oliD. SJ .3A ~de One bd c~rck JJ::=i:e Society. S; Yes. / '$;rc.C., John ~ Socioty is a raco-•ixing orge n..izat1.oo. ·. I:: Tlie, ult, the H.a~n tha.t w:era. that \l;ere involved in tae rallies and .t.& des:oaatr•t:ioo• iD terJ:;S of eorce1a~ge, voUld ~ say-. there vere !Dlore local 2lan9111;en or '1110re fr011 say. J'acbonvWc, if ~u can '·t call that ••• '$: • vell a.a.•. general rule tlie'tle 'Weto, uli, plenty of, there t(ere pleoty of t~ Teal. St:. ~guatine tla.nsM.-a, Wt uh, at ti.mes for rallies and marches t...11'~ j c.. . ' 'a"" · f peo~e cocna down ftor!J .Jacisonvi:lla. IO ,&id .Goat. ,ot ..ttte.Se 1Urcties. t(Ue going oa pretty regularly fo-r a .1(hile. S': ~· &i.~ t ,tiey. were. Ki \eiat juat .aliout every n;lght? S: ~ll • bad rallica every night, 1ilhe..tbe.r w •re.bed or not)at the alave ~net. JO Y~· S': And 50¥, sc:qe ~1J8•t lovers· once and .\dlilt vould ·•ke a Jli,stak.e and COJ;Je up oo .u ;o <:dge .oi .the cr""'1, and "11, diallud .w~t .I.rnch: Md· I · "91'6 ~Jl}ean -~h:o .~1it~.t1'. ...t ge~o. atiKKed 'Up .. ~«Mil I:" wouldn't. go . bl a n;i8.86J:0·q ....,t8 really. ~ \.tlo.t do :rou meau when you say tlietr ~t ' $:": ll;iltll :Dr-~' ub, intended to run All the white. race a out of tO\l.l. it: ID t""'!S .of Dr. TXaJlin& and uh, Md l!&rtin Luther J:ing, do .i-ou thin!< • tltcy we.re CoslP.ies? ~ W..11 ~.cm.U. tliat 1.4 liie secondary, tbeJ.r both, both ~ssere try~g to du troy: tho le; •• Kf/18 kn•~ c,,,_.nilts and had .!/. Cc:im-..nU.st: frJ.'ellds. l' don't 1mo1(" t&t 'lllUCh a&:»ut Ha'J.1.-~. But ¥1.pg vas "01 t1Je CJiyj.1 ~b.ts prograai tor ·;cace ·"1x1;ng and tbat' s .aa btld. •• fOU cc get. K": l;(&ll I: tieliovo r•111 au:re &j..lUlg w.a.s, t!or the. sn=o .p~posee. ~ I' know: of course th• Co!IJND..is.t Pot'ty 111 'o~ · race. ~~g, but as tor ll,*8 •s· to, •ll Ba Jiad ~aJ.st · ~io.ada i.ut Alt to .ld1e:the,r·.aa. COllJPJ.la1St I : don l:'t . i:DW, fiut it vouldn. '"t 1n01Ce Qny. dtt.fenoc• . .tt o·.iii,o ~het.h cr. be w,s • C~ni'st· o17 not. he was 111gge.: f'.tglitiaa .•saJ.nat US:tiffdte eeopi,.. thatt'd .• B-e 11. · ~~c;t9,N~lil t not tlte'.· factoR~ · · IC , ljb'ot 11o ~- t lilllk. the ••• . ~ C.o.us:e. I'~ ·opposed . to rp.ca ~ixip.g .. oyen',i~ ~ conaerya.tiye. ~~ager 1(0.nts to force· ~tac• 11Jb~3 .. K; 1'11)' t!o 'fOU tlli-.1<..tho lCO~le . ~uld "•tch..ld.th · saY,• the. S.C.L.C. '~ lhct, .tl\'ey: veren 1:t. in-..tlic1 OOll'.le of Chem came . do.,μ. llll~ got in on tlie. act ,wfi'l!f'l;e?er tli~e -were, Ilna va•. got.a.a in ebe Maaing pool end all 6'ut not •fter the wfiites •tarted holding rallies .and counter urches. : JC: ~rafttt, ao 1t10>ofcer· a •hi·le that Che vbiue kind of diaappe.ared frcm tlfe 11.nea. S': Tirey S1U'e did. yu eiJ:, they ran out on the niggers . I don' t blaaa 'em;, .t119 dill a ..,.elore va. started liold~ aarch.t:a end rallies libencvtt ..tlitu ud "'1aers get Into f~ and the-f ..-w to talut pii:ture.s of tJia. -.ilnes .""1'1:6. could k used Ill court, and th& fti:tca didn't like that 21nd o·f one-ctded. f.iustneas. lC X: 8»ppose., ull., so tho. ftgl\.cir would )'OU · •al'., uli, cha. Ugh.ta . chat happened say-, u~ the. e•-rly eal't of June. heforct .the Cll'C'chJ;n..8 got otortcd? St .: &ltore. June., yes- a::tr. tie.fora. Juoe... C 1.'&>se; .u1f, . ..,.r~ oot so •utll, cl1cln,•t li;\ye "° ~ch.. to do v;lth; '!":t' State•• 1\i'81!U' fa.rtr or .tlia ra- otJ4111%<1~? S': Ko t 8-t \l:J,S'. jua.t local vftite ct:tJ,'zeD.9· .. t:lip.,t ~ .tl\at ~B&•X'S. · l!Pu1d .c~e. uet"" 1> to · p)"Oyi>li'e. Nid they: dido. "t . 1(;1.Cl: .~.1" p:l'ctute co.ien:...,bilc.. they. -a>re. ~igli.tll18 ni)!ge.ri. 'IO "t.aiat .aD'out .clie .u&',, .the action on.~~D:e4cliea.:,;so to speak.f · SJ 3~ Side One bd ... / S': Uh, I tmov- about the aet:toc on the. 6e.adlea lltd t .be:re ere SOllllt; good '-'itita WClltn ov~t' the.re doi ng 1n0• t ot that, I chin~ but uh, t: vent to tl:ie l>e.ocliee at t i mes. '5ut uti. r was trying to keep up Yitb everyt~ ·. a:aba on weryvttere. and I·, an.d :t a.J.esed aoac of tl\a.t. c I see. w . .. l(bat dtd you hear ea.y. •ec.Ond hao.d? \Cas it. vu iJ; J110•tly ,•Sain just .tli't .WJd,te ccrmuni·tr re.act:f:u8· •• s-: '!'.°'!'· ab: • •• ._or vu 1t -AOX'e ~rgan~sS Oy. sar t:Jte Ancient '1ty• ·f/ir"fl;l '2.w&. +-.... A..t:i..J c;l..,HU-.n':JC!i•l., v ~ll.., · · • • · oJ · the t4An aod tlfe lfational State's R,tgh.ts Party· vet::e a.U involved 1n it. &ut uh, f)ut tbe:r -•re onl~" o p4rt ot.t"t. ThCf· also. t1ie)"'·1':1glit" of, tlte.Y"-d.na .rocill and . th'ipgs . tl!"\', lpt .tb·e, . tljoy· . ..,.,ra..lwioi>ips .the · ~-S.ocs. ~~8 thei,.el. yea..1'oc'!ll•• . .the .i/ti1 te -.J!O~heo . i;ould · tioye cleAned out ~'88•t:-t.o161 onoe they. were pr,ovot(ed...liY fl:l:gg«s. I I I I I SJ 3A Slde One b.d .... · l'.•a• 17 / E.: Well vu, was thare crucb rock. throvi;D& and violence ,a.gd.:ut. your oer chcs? $': mt, ~ere was eOM Wt i f hoda.' t 6ean for , th& poli:c.e .why, it would have .~c. 1.t vou.ld have been a, i t would hove beeu a lot of dead ~gen, SCli:M Ciu ~oplo, tliey'd a hurt IOM white people, but they· said in .tba lo.as .. tlie .. y:-uul.c would.. Have. ll'een .that ~ the ~hi.te~ .1(0uld haye; .ub, cleaned C A&n:zt. liov--a.anJ" people would pattitit>•te in thct arc.heat '-$': ~dao."c, I" can't give you any numSer. llllt t here vere nice sets .of crOl{ds. ve aarc!fed at niallt ti:te and. dar t ill.• too: . W.•''d have • ~uare . tull , aa:rc'h. tl'iT~lr ~1:8ger town. ~ ... In ttte, pretty _.ch the v:hole t:ally would. go oa to the urchl Kl mat f:'• a pre:tcr good turn out~.b ~ Tes air, veil - bad a.. lot of~ {f ..... 'i;"-U JO Uh'• do rou tbinJc. the uh, do you th11 c.,,the ub, dilliturbanCf:_B 1n. $t. "\U8U.Gt :lDO. say 1.nt:r eased Mllherabi.p :ln the kl.an or tbe StClte' e. ~aht.e fa..rtTo •• -~ . yea otr. C , • .,tl1.oc..~d encour.aged th~? ' $': Te.a,' I" ttii..ilk 1't di'd, t' thid. it did all ·nowMl ..the".couatey. · C DJ#' ~t ,. was 1~ , .1(0Uld rou ••Y·-tlie incre-.sed ._i>ei;sb1p "IO~ . cqn,~1no4 . to sar-.-St.,. Augustin• or· would otll"er. people d.ts,aar•e Vi~. th&tf --si Np-~~~;' ~.l:l!i'Qlt..tlillt .tlfo nationa.l pu~'q,~hel~ed -~• -'thif• i:ac.1ltto , . ·q~8~i~acionS. oyeTY'ttieJ::e ~- ge;in 490r4a ~-rs. SJ' 3A s:i~o Ono w ~·s• ts $: / .... lklt they· did. gaiD w uld you .. 1 oip11:1-caa.tl:r aore to tho S<. Auguati"-" uea?- l{t:l.l ti'nd aliout all tlio, we had oll .aSout aU the young Wi te boys tbe"t"e ' Tlfere nan~t too ·~Of• 1S10rc, there wren' c many more. to ge.t out there. 'fl!> a:f.T. lll•U:lke. \(BS . ttlere 1-Ucli ot a. difference 6"eb(eon .th6 youths attitudes Ko. ·no tlie atti"blcle.e vere the aaae: witb . tlle .l(b1te .. the yout h .'(e.re •ore, Tliey. were -111ore prone to ·v1:olenco. ~ ..••• in pl!yaitally, phyoicoUr Sotter oliape. II U C M · Stiori:ff 'P"- viS term.ed it, they•·re t'I& hard :ia . .rubb et' baUs. -. ' I I I I I I I I I I I . th"'at save "ua troulilo too. Uh, if w &.dn'-t .n.atrained the vhy uh, they'd l l .\lh1pp.ed .tha state patrol ~- suesa .. ttie~'d . scnd 111 the national:. guard • ... l} 'lq.. lio111,..; $0 roii would ~~· ttiat .tlnl·, ub-. .•• · ' $1 .1lfey~ tl!lt~· h'ad ..,. .P: B:.:c aaenta-..,...,¥18 ...... eacrol.lJl\i~o1iJIS,· IQ . OH· yeati1 ' 1.¢ didn'·'t: b.o~ tHat .. l(•s• 19 / ". S; Well I dida."t l(ant the oot:lonal, guard to cocte- in. S: 'We. aidn't re.str•1n. nor wouldo.'t SAY' lit• exactly, we r utrained them s:c:qe. :~t ~.-an, uli", enyt!=e o p"a trol..un. uh, picked on acme 11hitc boy 4ld ~ on.. hi2'• .tlte p•tro1-an w:aa ..the one .t~t loat .out. ·K: Teali1 ~ 1{osc of the: p.iltrolmen l(ere frie.ndlr. .see tliat wa1 only· . few ea.tro~eo 'US\ .,.aat of tlie at.ate·patrohien. IC B\lt the, uh, local, tlie local police and the. uh, the sharitf*• departmeot "ere pre.t:t:y ~ch friendly al.so? ·~ • Tes sit:. g:: Md so t~ only real pro1il.,.• · l""-~ -•~• ldU. ~e state paqoi,,_a~ ... st WJ:ten'-mo1t of . th(.'fl\ ~l'e tor'us e:xcep.t ,f:or ' eo•: of '.the 11411.,~anld:na ones' and ..t.be .P~I". agf!nts 1n state pat.rol ' ua.i'(o~s. 10 It see:ai• .. cc»~e tli4t afto:r: .. sa:r .th·eon~6:18· ·uh , near- ;riot up, .... ~~li-.ye ft vas .tltC! 2Stli', tllat .they. did es:aclt.acncD • 1ittle..li,1.t. OU1i' ~~fl'IJR. r, \ I~ ·4~-d.tl 'rt JC int liblr,....6\at :uh..., h--W.: did, . lioit· did . tlt.ef)..·. ho°'(\dO You .thtnJt.. l:hat ·-major; .whf' did s:r la Side One l>d / l'.a&• 20 that :..ajor outbreak bappen the, uh, 25tht Do you recall, :lt:'s, .it vu ult • •• ·:r: I .H'ftll!Tnber • I · .r emecbor t'he ~gges t l,.isht of all , uh, t vas speaking at tli6 ::tma- .tliat tliose oorry· ni'een there, .1.t d'gb.t not ti.ave taken place so el.Sf'-' It .,,igl!l:..llave, pro!iallly _,.l..d tiaV&, li\lt I:",.eau tile .police dogs ceruiDly· -~r2::lna. ce,rtainly• aarfvated t he ai"tUlttoo • . And then the ~ggera they vere oscortt;o.g vere tnunt~ng tlie vtU:tce, o.nd t he l(bitoe d1-dn'·t . l ii.c to - ti'e teunted Sf' the n13gers . And the n:t.a:gers, ~ iggere, they l(ere cUX')'1n8 ~ off tllat '\4bt, it looted like a..Dattlefield. IC \(hat uh, did you uh, did you' run acro11 any· evidence of B:lack.-violcnce .asaJ:o&t, uh, w:fii'te. peo{>le'? $": 'f~ aiT, tliey $bot ono. and i±l.l ed one w.bito 'hQY. c . To.a, that vas m. uM', '63 I:.lie..lieve. In tema of tb• rallies.· and .the .,.arctru. was-.t.li&re, utl ••• -..S'l .l'eo)l' • . t.here-.we-re wtlitc fi~s·..tl:ia.~ aot ott4chd:ti~- 'Di.:g9cu:o, j_h~t'-'G "'\dl"t o~ tan' e-w~ked tlie aou61e. , JL . . C""' w • 1 " JC ~SO ~ • .'2Jlt;o- Iftbep rOCl ~'D8 - · que•tlODe ~e juat ~· d~Cll~f!l8• ,s; "• need to.. l:iJ1?Y.:. li'ecauae:, -uli, · tte.'1e elrcad~- late. 10 ~~igtit~ oih";'. I.~11 just oslZ: a cou~e 1J90;ta. . ~1cti.; .ul\, q_u••~i~os .. · ~ell nt s.r 3A :,:!:de One lid / P.•B• 21 the- kl&o. T&lli'U ,them.selves, uh, .then. did Haus also help you erra;nge those, l*>ss f1a ,, '' c ::i •, I $li'ou.ldn "t ••Y·.2tAii, Kr. 1ttm:nlt": S': 1Jell. to ctte:·.l>est of 1lJT10ell0q+ be .• arn;ogecl .thet. c - E?.C dJ.i!?: .s~ I could.a. 1:'t swa o.r to i t, true .un. ~•an thait. was t:wel.ve years .aso, and 1' ~ Ult..liDli"'. · -.~U .. ~. did . tlief' ul:l, .\lhy do you . think; uh, why did co11tent.1ooe die- 4cnm ilr-St. "ugustine? .. ~ ..'..E l!c.ause..,. S"ecause . tlte .C&a6er ot '"1.nerCe . establiebalent; undet;' the influence o( • llb1~e1swttctied lidco. C $"o ycu \IOttld aay tlieo., uh, that you all, .uh, wen the battles aod lost th• var? it T1i'e d:tiQQ-i; of cCQ21erce, yes: eirp..liecause. ot .that .. Uh, .tbe4hamhe.r .ot ao...orct :ID-st placeo. goes' alC<18 'O;itb n_fJgen. Uh, .tbey:. tbfnk.1-t''• •=rt~ Out actually t: t!U.DR:..it'• dutt071;n8 the country and, go~g to deacroy d teir busta.uees tC? go along "1th the lliggen like .they',ye SMU $1 . l'e.8 1111. -. l{ltll ;myt~· "'~go to a c~~~·-ld:i:ero .thera.'a . .raci&l ~leq:I th·· ~~ o~ :"o"°'erce. ie ,..,,,uauy. linecr--up«m ·. tb'e' .uaa•.-s ride . 1l<> '""' • . .tlt!ni: t~ey'>l:e just . doing,~:< . to 'Pl'Ot0Ct .tlfeir:..1'1JSin~ll or ••• " l.fs kl£~ ·· ,_, ···· · .. tftll · ..... • • • .. r "4. ~- fi'"anbrS -up. . .th"a· lin&> eut pre.ssur•.· Oo. ·• '•- • 3fiey: teel .tlt~~e ~ore sUSject to· p~cseu~e .. tltan o t liar .~eople. A lot · of·. tlifal don"t -lib: D:i.886l'k..5'ut,, ,"U!f • th'OY.~ gWe lraf' to Pl:"'oaGuioe . too ·easn~ .be.couse 5.1 3A. Sidelfe put . the pJ,"easure on-' ~••tuaX'anta woa.Lbl"c: e"Vb let ._ pay·•Y· 8U18,.; J:) i\Oally? S': . .... tl:iq.- all iuiwtc4 on•• eat~& ttte. J:l llo you thini. there vas. ·$1 ~got, I' got royal ttcam.ent. F ca •:c co.plain at all about tbe. Wf r 'Oii treated in St. Augustine. 10 .Tliat"s intorcst~ng fncct. Wpuld you ' MY.' there ven: any other contdbuti:q fact~• to the crisie, .ull, otliar tli4n tti:e nee rcliltioua? for instance, thd. J.'.age 23 as tbe SCLC ll;a~ gett~ng out on the streets and beattpg them down. ·JO . Gec--...i:lg out on the streets .. S': BU't' w . we~ the 6attle of St. A.u -g. ustine axcept .for lolhat, uh, WOlfe did co •i:e tlieCrtiamJ>er ofao•erce, uli, wJ:thdr4lrl' their .support • . t:,; #J.d ~ . to t Hat, 'Up tO tliat point ••• ... ~ UR:e It said; .-.::iost of . tliet11. don"t l12o ~t:ssors. ·r: Uh':..ituli_ Up to tliat .point the, uli, wft.tte coan.un:tty sbow:ed ,e ••• ' $'' ' ~Cl.1 -tlie cODllNI'li't~' was s t ill vitlt us, t lie Comsountty l48S .still with U$ as faJT a~..tHa~ goes. IC .;llUt tlie, -ub·, Qbsi:nessmen vCTcnt-e . S: Bue- ttte. &usinesSJ11,en, 112otel and ·restaurant peoele '(ere pressured by l(Olfe: .to sv,i:tctt.s:bles. And of course tlie ~i.'gge-rs
Ku Klux Klan -- National States Rights Party -- Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) -- St. Augustine Police Department -- John Birch Society -- Chamber of Commerce -- Florida East Coast Railroad -- National Guard, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) -- Ancient City Hunting Club -- Ancient City Gun Club -- Ku Klux Klan -- Florida Highway Patrol -- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) -- Monson Motor Lodge -- Old Slave Market -- City Baking Company -- Bombing -- Civil Rights March -- Clash Between civil rights Workers and Segregationists -- Drive-by Shooting -- Klan Assault on Robert Hayling -- Klan March -- Klan Rally -- Picketing -- St. Augustine Quadricentennial Celebration -- Visit of Jackie Robinson -- Wade-in
Metadata URL:: http://civilrights.flagler.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15415coll1/id/1047
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