{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"alm_u0008-0000003_236","title":"Interview with Willie Johnson","collection_id":"alm_u0008-0000003","collection_title":"Working Lives Oral History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Johnson, Willie","McCallum, Brenda"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1984-06-26"],"dcterms_description":["In this interview, Willie Johnson talks about life during the Depression, the Ku Klux Klan, his dealings with labor unions, and describes at length the conditions of the mines in which he worked. Johnson describes how his father, like many farmers, moved to the city to work. He and his father were both employed by TCI. Johnson never made it past the fifth grade because he needed to help the family make money, especially during the Depression. He explains that he admired the ideals of the labor unions, and as the United Steelworkers weren't present in Alabama yet, he went to work in the coal mines and joined the UMWA (United Mine Workers of America). Johnson discusses how the unions caused some problems. They divided the workers and were sometimes difficult to deal with. He describes how he began to see that the Walker Country UMWA would strike at times convenient for the workers to go home and do their planting. Johnson also discusses the conditions of the mines. He says they were dangerous and people often died in them. He describes the physical layout of the mines and talks about dealing with rats, keeping them out of their lunches. He talks about children working in the mines, often to help their parents, but they would have to sign a waiver keeping the mine from being responsible for them. Prisoners also worked in the mines for little money, and many of them saved that money so that they could buy property. Johnson describes the Ku Klux Klan's habit of running around scaring people but says he never heard of any violence in his area. He says he talked to one white man who claimed that the Klan wasn't organized around the purpose it came to have in that day. He says the man said it originated for the race, and that blacks should have their own Klan.","The digitization of this collection was funded by a gift from EBSCO Industries."],"dc_format":["audio/mpeg","image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Working Lives Oral History Project"],"dcterms_subject":["Johnson, Willie--Interviews"],"dcterms_title":["Interview with Willie Johnson"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["William Stanley Hoole Special Collections Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.libraries.ua.edu/cdm/ref/collection/u0008_0000003/id/236"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Images are in the public domain or protected under U.S. copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code), and both types may be used for research and private study. For publication, commercial use, or reproduction, in print or digital format, of all images and/or the accompanying data, users are required to secure prior written permission from the copyright holder and from archives@ua.edu. When permission is granted, please credit the images as Courtesy of The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections."],"dcterms_medium":["interviews","transcripts"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"alm_u0008-0000003_275","title":"Interview with Leola Harris","collection_id":"alm_u0008-0000003","collection_title":"Working Lives Oral History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Harris, Leola","McCallum, Brenda"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1984-06-25"],"dcterms_description":["Leola Harris was born in 1919 in the Muscoda mining camp. She recalls growing up in the mining camp and describes the houses people lived in and the physical layout of the camp. She describes daily life in the camp and her early education in the company schools. Harris also recounts her later years as a school teacher in Birmingham. Harris recalls growing up during The Depression. She said her family received food (cheese, butter, flour, etc.) from the government. Of daily life in the camp, Harris recalls attending church in the mining camp, explaining that the women of the camp convinced the company to build the church. Different denominations would meet on alternating Sundays. She explains that the children of the camp received free medical and dental care from the company doctors and dentists. She also talks about blues and boogie-woogie music being played in the camp, by the miners. Harris explains that the children who grew up in mining towns were known as \"round the mountain gang.\" There was a certain stigma associated with being raised in the camp; many thought the children would never amount to anything as adults. In her discussion of unions in the camp, she said her father was not a union man and was considered a \"scab.\" Her father eventually died of emphysema (or silicosis).; Note: The first [00:08:30:00] of the second audio file is not transcribed.","The digitization of this collection was funded by a gift from EBSCO Industries."],"dc_format":["audio/mpeg","image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Working Lives Oral History Project"],"dcterms_subject":["Harris, Leola--Interviews"],"dcterms_title":["Interview with Leola Harris"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["William Stanley Hoole Special Collections Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.libraries.ua.edu/cdm/ref/collection/u0008_0000003/id/275"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Images are in the public domain or protected under U.S. copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code), and both types may be used for research and private study. For publication, commercial use, or reproduction, in print or digital format, of all images and/or the accompanying data, users are required to secure prior written permission from the copyright holder and from archives@ua.edu. When permission is granted, please credit the images as Courtesy of The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections."],"dcterms_medium":["interviews","transcripts"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"alm_u0008-0000003_252","title":"Interview with Thelma Emmons","collection_id":"alm_u0008-0000003","collection_title":"Working Lives Oral History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Emmons, Thelma","McCallum, Brenda"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1984-06-25"],"dcterms_description":["In this interview, Thelma Emmons talks about her mother, Suberta Coleman, a member of the Alabama Women's Hall of Fame. Coleman was one of the first Alabamians to graduate from Fisk University, the first full-time African-American supervisor in a mining village and the first black Alabamian to study with Jane Addams in the Hull House in Chicago. Coleman was also a school teacher and principal for the Muscoda Camp schools. She describes her mother's work and the changes she made in the mining camp, such as teaching parents about nutrition and establishing a canning club. Emmons also served as a social worker in the camp; for her training, she was sent to Chicago to work with Jane Addams. Emmons also describes the company schools. She explains that these were excellent schools; money was taken out of each employee's check to support the school. They were able to pay teachers well so they often got the best teachers. Emmons was educated in the Muscoda School and went on to teach there. She also discusses living through The Depression. She recalls sewing classes provided by the Red Cross, and her mother also taught a butler class for \"people who wanted to improve themselves.\" Emmons eventually went on to teach in the Bessemer area until 1970.","The digitization of this collection was funded by a gift from EBSCO Industries."],"dc_format":["audio/mpeg","image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Working Lives Oral History Project"],"dcterms_subject":["Emmons, Thelma--Interviews"],"dcterms_title":["Interview with Thelma Emmons"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["William Stanley Hoole Special Collections Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.libraries.ua.edu/cdm/ref/collection/u0008_0000003/id/252"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Images are in the public domain or protected under U.S. copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code), and both types may be used for research and private study. For publication, commercial use, or reproduction, in print or digital format, of all images and/or the accompanying data, users are required to secure prior written permission from the copyright holder and from archives@ua.edu. When permission is granted, please credit the images as Courtesy of The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections."],"dcterms_medium":["interviews","transcripts"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_idn_4870","title":"Program, Salem United Methodist Church, June 24, 1984","collection_id":"suc_idn","collection_title":"Isaiah DeQuincey Newman, (1911-1985), Papers, 1929-2003","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, 34.00043, -81.00009"],"dcterms_creator":["Salem United Methodist Church (New York, N.Y.)","Newman, I. DeQuincey (Isaiah DeQuincey), 1911-1985"],"dc_date":["1984-06-24"],"dcterms_description":["6 pages"],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Isaiah DeQuincey Newman Papers, Speeches, 1957-1984 and n.d.","Isaiah DeQuincey Newman Papers"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights--South Carolina","Civil rights movements--South Carolina","Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Program, Salem United Methodist Church, June 24, 1984"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.tcl.sc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/idn/id/4870"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For further information please contact the University of South Carolina, South Carolina Political Collections, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["programs (documents)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_idn_idn2329","title":"Speech, On the importance of children","collection_id":"suc_idn","collection_title":"Isaiah DeQuincey Newman, (1911-1985), Papers, 1929-2003","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, 34.00043, -81.00009"],"dcterms_creator":["Newman, I. DeQuincey (Isaiah DeQuincey), 1911-1985"],"dc_date":["1984-06-24"],"dcterms_description":["Four pages of a handwritten speech that begins with a passage from the Biblical text Job 1:1-3. The speech emphasizes that young people will become future parents and leaders, and expresses concern about babies born to single parents.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":["pnh8406"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of online collection: Isaiah De Quincey Newman (1911-1985) Papers, 1929-2003."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Folder: Newman, Speeches, 1957-1984 \u0026 n.d., Isaiah DeQuincey Newman Papers, South Carolina Political Collections, The University of South Carolina Libraries"],"dcterms_subject":["Speeches, addresses, etc.","Bible. Job","Youth--Conduct of life","Responsibility--Religious aspects--Christianity","Parents--United States","Single parents--United States"],"dcterms_title":["Speech, On the importance of children"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.tcl.sc.edu/digital/collection/idn/id/2329"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Digital image copyright 2008, The University of South Carolina.  All rights reserved.  For more information contact South Carolina Political Collections, USC, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":null,"dcterms_extent":["image/jpg","Manuscripts"],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_idn_2329","title":"Speech, On the importance of children","collection_id":"suc_idn","collection_title":"Isaiah DeQuincey Newman, (1911-1985), Papers, 1929-2003","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, 34.00043, -81.00009"],"dcterms_creator":["Newman, I. DeQuincey (Isaiah DeQuincey), 1911-1985"],"dc_date":["1984-06-24"],"dcterms_description":["4 pages"],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Isaiah DeQuincey Newman Papers, Speeches, 1957-1984 and n.d.","Isaiah DeQuincey Newman Papers"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights--South Carolina","Civil rights movements--South Carolina","Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Speech, On the importance of children"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.tcl.sc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/idn/id/2329"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For further information please contact the University of South Carolina, South Carolina Political Collections, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["speeches (documents)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"alm_u0008-0000003_288","title":"Interview with Mack Gibson","collection_id":"alm_u0008-0000003","collection_title":"Working Lives Oral History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Gibson, Mack","Kuhn, Cliff"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1984-06-22"],"dcterms_description":["In this interview, Mack Gibson recalls his years as a coal miner. He talks about mining methods, working conditions and the various dangers associated with mining. He recalls seeing many men killed in the mine and says that while it never made him want to quit, it did make him more careful. Gibson also recalls The Depression in the interview. He says that people would often grow a little corn or cotton to help get by. He had a garden and raised hogs for extra money and food. Gibson talks about the first union organizers that came around, explaining that the meetings could not be held on company property and would often be held in the woods. He recalls seeing men beaten by a company deputy for saying they were too sick to work on a particular day. He also discusses prison labor that was used in the mines.","The digitization of this collection was funded by a gift from EBSCO Industries."],"dc_format":["audio/mpeg","image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Working Lives Oral History Project"],"dcterms_subject":["Gibson, Mack--Interviews"],"dcterms_title":["Interview with Mack Gibson"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["William Stanley Hoole Special Collections Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.libraries.ua.edu/cdm/ref/collection/u0008_0000003/id/288"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Images are in the public domain or protected under U.S. copyright law (Title 17, U.S. Code), and both types may be used for research and private study. For publication, commercial use, or reproduction, in print or digital format, of all images and/or the accompanying data, users are required to secure prior written permission from the copyright holder and from archives@ua.edu. When permission is granted, please credit the images as Courtesy of The University of Alabama Libraries Special Collections."],"dcterms_medium":["interviews","transcripts"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_abaker_3734","title":"Letter, 1984, David Kachele to Augusta Baker","collection_id":"suc_abaker","collection_title":"Augusta Baker papers, 1911-1998","dcterms_contributor":["Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["Kachele, David"],"dc_date":["1984-06-21"],"dcterms_description":["Letter from David Kachele to Augusta Baker, thanking her and stating he will never forget her."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina. South Caroliniana Library"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Augusta Baker Papers, 1911-1998","Augusta Baker Papers, 1911-1998, Box 2, Folder 122. Accession 11770"],"dcterms_subject":["Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998--Correspondence","African American women librarians","Children's librarians","African American librarians","Women librarians","Kachele, David--Correspondence"],"dcterms_title":["Letter, 1984, David Kachele to Augusta Baker"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of South Carolina. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://cdm17173.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/abaker/id/3734"],"dcterms_temporal":["1970/2025"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For further information please contact The University of South Carolina, South Caroliniana Library, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":["1 item"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998","Kachele, David"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_abaker_3151","title":"Letter, 1984, Ruth Hempel to Augusta Baker","collection_id":"suc_abaker","collection_title":"Augusta Baker papers, 1911-1998","dcterms_contributor":["Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, Richland County, 34.0218, -80.90304","United States, South Carolina, Richland County, Columbia, 34.00071, -81.03481"],"dcterms_creator":["Hempel, Ruth"],"dc_date":["1984-06-20"],"dcterms_description":["Letter from Ruth Hempel of the School of Medicine Library to Augusta Baker, sharing news of Alfred Owens and his storytelling journey since being influenced by Baker. She relates how she was able to convince the Medical Library to purchase reference books relating to library science in part because of Baker's workshop and how, when cataloging the ALA World Encylopedia of Library and Information Services, she found an article on Baker."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina. South Caroliniana Library"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Augusta Baker Papers, 1911-1998","Augusta Baker Papers, 1911-1998, Box 2, Folder 122. Accession 11770"],"dcterms_subject":["Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998--Correspondence","African American women librarians","Children's librarians","African American librarians","Women librarians","Hempel, Ruth--Correspondence","University of South Carolina"],"dcterms_title":["Letter, 1984, Ruth Hempel to Augusta Baker"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of South Carolina. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://cdm17173.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/abaker/id/3151"],"dcterms_temporal":["1970/2025"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For further information please contact The University of South Carolina, South Caroliniana Library, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":["1 item","2 pages"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998","Hempel, Ruth"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_idn_3927","title":"Middleton-Rosemond United Methodist Church, list of leaders","collection_id":"suc_idn","collection_title":"Isaiah DeQuincey Newman, (1911-1985), Papers, 1929-2003","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, Richland County, 34.0218, -80.90304"],"dcterms_creator":["Middleton-Rosemond United Methodist Church (Columbia, S.C.)","Newman, I. DeQuincey (Isaiah DeQuincey), 1911-1985"],"dc_date":["1984-06-20"],"dcterms_description":["1 page","Meadowlake -- Middleton-Rosemond United Methodist -- Columbia (S.C.)"],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Isaiah DeQuincey Newman Papers, Topical, Methodist Church, Middleton-Rosemond, Columbia, 1983-1984.","Isaiah DeQuincey Newman Papers"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights--South Carolina","Civil rights movements--South Carolina","Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Middleton-Rosemond United Methodist Church, list of leaders"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.tcl.sc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/idn/id/3927"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For further information please contact the University of South Carolina, South Carolina Political Collections, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["organizational charts"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Newman, Anne Pauline Hinton"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_idn_5262","title":"Program, The Men's Guild of St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church, June 17, 1984","collection_id":"suc_idn","collection_title":"Isaiah DeQuincey Newman, (1911-1985), Papers, 1929-2003","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, 34.00043, -81.00009"],"dcterms_creator":["St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church. Men's Guild"],"dc_date":["1984-06-17"],"dcterms_description":["4 pages"],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Isaiah DeQuincey Newman Papers, Speeches, 1957-1984 and n.d.","Isaiah DeQuincey Newman Papers"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights--South Carolina","Civil rights movements--South Carolina","Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Program, The Men's Guild of St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church, June 17, 1984"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.tcl.sc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/idn/id/5262"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For further information please contact the University of South Carolina, South Carolina Political Collections, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["programs (documents)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"alm_u0008-0000003_210","title":"Interview with Cleatus and Louise Burns","collection_id":"alm_u0008-0000003","collection_title":"Working Lives Oral History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Burns, Cleatus","Burns, Louise","Kuhn, Cliff"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1984-06-12"],"dcterms_description":["In this joint interview Cleatus and Louise Burns discuss working conditions and mining methods in the Alabama coal mines, beginning in the 1930s (e.g. mining with mules). Cleatus Burns describes early labor movement efforts and recounts the eventual unionization of the mines. He also describes living in a company camp and some of the earliest union meetings. Mr. Burns also describes trying to organize the De Bardelben mines as well as union organizers being shot at by company guards. He explains that people who lived in the rural areas around the mines would often help union members by giving them food from their farms. According to Mr. and Mrs. Burns, Bankhead was the first mine to strike, due to low pay. Louise Burns describes growing up in a mining camp in Mississippi. She explains that women canned food in the summer and quilted in the winter. She also describes rural life, her early education and farming. Cleatus Burns says he liked mining; he explains that the pay was good, and the mines were cool in the summer and warm in the winter. He does admit that mining was dangerous, describing explosions, working in 18 inches of space and laboring in knee-deep water. 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