{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"dde_ddetimeline_138","title":"Press release regarding telegram sent to Governor Faubus","collection_id":"dde_ddetimeline","collection_title":"Presidential Timeline of the Twentieth Century Information: Dwight D. Eisenhower","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Rhode Island, Newport County, Newport, 41.4901, -71.31283"],"dcterms_creator":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"dc_date":["1957-09-05"],"dcterms_description":["Press release from September 5, 1957 releasing the text of a telegram sent from President Dwight D. Eisenhower to Arkansas Orval Faubus regarding the Central High School integration crisis in Little Rock. Eisenhower affirms his \"oath to support and defend the Constitution of the United States\" and refutes Faubus' claims that he will be taken into custody or that his telephone lines have been tapped. The Little Rock school district voted to integrate its schools in 1957. Governor Faubus, opposed to integration, sent members of the Arkansas National Guard to prevent African American students--the \"Little Rock Nine\"--from entering Little Rock Central High School on September 4. Federal courts ordered Governor Faubus to remove the troops and permit the nine students to enter the school on September 23, 1957. However, because of the rioting that continued outside, the students were removed from the school after three hours. President Dwight D. Eisenhower ordered troops from the 101st Airborne Division to Little Rock to restore order and to protect the students. After a single year of integration, Governor Faubus closed the Little Rock public high schools to avoid further integration. The United States Supreme Court declared Faubus' action illegal and the public schools reopened August 1959.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of: Presidential Timeline of the Twentieth Century."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Collection: Papers of James C. Hagerty, Press Secretary to the President, 1953-1961, Series: Subject Files Series."],"dcterms_subject":["Federal-state controversies--Arkansas","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","African American students--Arkansas--Little Rock","High school students--Arkansas--Little Rock","Segregation in education--Arkansas--Little Rock","Race riots--Arkansas--Little Rock","Violence--Arkansas--Little Rock","Governors--Arkansas","Race relations","Little Rock (Ark.)--Race relations--History--20th century","Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Soldiers--United States","Intervention (Federal government)--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["Press release regarding telegram sent to Governor Faubus"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Dwight D. 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Russell Library.","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959"],"dcterms_creator":["Baldowski, Clifford H., 1917-1999"],"dc_date":["1957-09-05"],"dcterms_description":["The Clifford Baldowski cartoon depicts a train labeled \"Integration\" going down the track. An engineer is blowing his whistle at a man sitting on a barricade labeled \"State Gov't.\""],"dc_format":["image/jp2"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["[Atlanta, Ga. : Atlanta Constitution], 1957 Sept. 5."],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Clifford H. Baldowski Editorial Cartoon Collection, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","School integration--Arkansas","Federal-state controversies--Arkansas","Arkansas--Politics and government--1951-"],"dcterms_title":["Slow train through Arkansas / Baldy, 1957 Sept. 5"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_bald_am-1572#item"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_bald_am-1572"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["The Baldowski cartoons created for The Atlanta Journal-Constitution are licensed to the Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries by The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.","Contact repository re: reproduction and usage."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: [Title of the cartoon], [Date of cartoon], editorial cartoon by Clifford H. Baldowski, Clifford H. Baldowski Editorial Cartoon Collection, Richard B. 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If you claim copyright, contact the National Historic Site."],"dcterms_medium":["photocopies"],"dcterms_extent":["8 x 10 in"],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"bcas_p15728coll1_13252","title":"Black students denied entry to Central High School by National Guard","collection_id":"bcas_p15728coll1","collection_title":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Photographs Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, Central High School, 34.73683, -92.29895"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-04"],"dcterms_description":["Black students walk past Arkansas National Guard troops lined up across the front of Little Rock Central High.","Recto: Students walk past Arkansas National Guard troops lined up across front of Little Rock Central High.","This project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. 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Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resources."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Central High Museum, Inc. papers (CHSC 314)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Little Rock Public Schools (Little Rock, Ark.)","African Americans--Education--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["Black students talk with reporters at Central High School"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15728coll1/id/13257"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site believes this item is covered by our copyright, fair use, or public domain. 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Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resources."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Central High Museum, Inc. papers (CHSC 314)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Little Rock Public Schools (Little Rock, Ark.)","African Americans--Education--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["Black students turned away from Central High School"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15728coll1/id/13295"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site believes this item is covered by our copyright, fair use, or public domain. 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