{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"bcas_p15728coll1_13293","title":"White students, soldiers, and newsmen in front of Central High School","collection_id":"bcas_p15728coll1","collection_title":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Photographs Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, Central High School, 34.73683, -92.29895"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-24"],"dcterms_description":["White students, soldiers, and newsmen in front of Central High School after an early dismissal.","Recto: Students, 101st Airborne troops and newsmen mix together outside Central High was dismissed early.","This project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resources."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Central High Museum, Inc. papers (CHSC 314)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Little Rock Public Schools (Little Rock, Ark.)","African Americans--Education--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","United States. Army. Airborne Division, 101st","Segregation and the Press"],"dcterms_title":["White students, soldiers, and newsmen in front of Central High School"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15728coll1/id/13293"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site believes this item is covered by our copyright, fair use, or public domain. If you claim copyright, contact the National Historic Site."],"dcterms_medium":["photocopies"],"dcterms_extent":["8 x 10 in"],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn40129","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of president Dwight D. Eisenhower making a public statement about the school integration crisis at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas from the White House in Washington, D.C., 1957 September 24","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, District of Columbia, Washington, 38.89511, -77.03637"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1957-09-24"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from September 24, 1957, United States president Dwight D. Eisenhower in a statement from the White House address the crisis over school integration by the \"Little Rock Nine\" in Little Rock, Arkansas, and the presence of United States soldiers in the city. President Eisenhower declares that the presence of federal troops in the city does not remove the responsibility of the local and state authorities to preserve peace nor of the local school board and other school officials to run Little Rock Central High School. He confirms that the federal government interferes in local affairs only \"in very special cases and when requested by one of the several states.\" He emphasizes that the presence of troops in Little Rock is only to ensure compliance with court orders, and that the executive branch of the government only uses such powers of enforcement in \"extraordinary and compelling circumstances,\" such as the situation in Little Rock. Eisenhower recognizes the need for a climate permitting the \"free and fair exercise\" of individual's rights; he also recognizes that most citizens reject violence and respect and follow even the laws with which they disagree. He calls for the assistance of citizens of Arkansas to end \"all interference with the law and its processes,\" pledging the removal of federal troops, the city's return to normalcy, and the return of the nation's fair name and honor. Little Rock school district decided to integrate its schools in 1957. Arkansas governor Orval Faubus opposed the integration plan and sent Arkansas National Guard troops to prevent the admittance of nine African American students to Little Rock Central High School on September 4, 1957. A federal judge ordered the removal of the national guard and the entry of the black students. After the students' entrance on September 23, white Little Rock citizens rioted, and the students were removed after three hours at the school. United States president Dwight D. Eisenhower responded by federalizing the national guard and ordering soldiers to the area to ensure the safe attendance of the African American students. After a year of integration, Little Rock closed its public schools to avoid further integration.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn40129"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Segregation in education--Arkansas--Little Rock","Intervention (Federal government)--Arkansas--Little Rock","Violence--Arkansas--Little Rock","Presidents--United States","Press conferences--Washington (D.C.)","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Massive resistance movement--Arkansas--Little Rock","Federal-city relations--Arkansas--Little Rock","Government, Resistance to--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of president Dwight D. Eisenhower making a public statement about the school integration crisis at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas from the White House in Washington, D.C., 1957 September 24"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn40129"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn40129"],"dcterms_temporal":["1957-09-24"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn40129, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of president Dwight D. Eisenhower making a public statement about the school integration crisis at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas from the White House in Washington, D.C., 1957 September 24, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0849, 8:30/11:11, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 2 mins., 41 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"bcas_p15728coll1_13311","title":"Alex Wilson being choked by segregationist","collection_id":"bcas_p15728coll1","collection_title":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Photographs Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, Central High School, 34.73683, -92.29895"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":["Alex Wilson being choked and attacked by segregationist.","Recto: Governor Orval Faubus press conference","This project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resources."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Central High Museum, Inc. papers (CHSC 314)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Little Rock Public Schools (Little Rock, Ark.)","African Americans--Education--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["Alex Wilson being choked by segregationist"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15728coll1/id/13311"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site believes this item is covered by our copyright, fair use, or public domain. If you claim copyright, contact the National Historic Site."],"dcterms_medium":["photographic prints"],"dcterms_extent":["8 x 10 in"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Wilson, Alex"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"bcas_p15728coll1_13251","title":"Alex Wilson kicked by segregationist","collection_id":"bcas_p15728coll1","collection_title":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Photographs Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, Central High School, 34.73683, -92.29895"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":["Alex Wilson being kicked and pursued by segregationist mob.","Recto: Alex Wilson is kicked by school integration protests after to run from mob on street near Little Rock Central High.","This project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resources."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Central High Museum, Inc. papers (CHSC 314)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Little Rock Public Schools (Little Rock, Ark.)","African Americans--Education--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["Alex Wilson kicked by segregationist"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15728coll1/id/13251"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site believes this item is covered by our copyright, fair use, or public domain. If you claim copyright, contact the National Historic Site."],"dcterms_medium":["photocopies"],"dcterms_extent":["8 x 10 in"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Wilson, Alex"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"bcas_p15728coll1_13263","title":"Alex Wilson pursued and attacked by segregationist mob","collection_id":"bcas_p15728coll1","collection_title":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Photographs Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, Central High School, 34.73683, -92.29895"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":["Alex Wilson being pursued and attacked by segregationist mob.","Recto: Alex Wilson was attacked by mob while walking away from Central High.","This project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resources."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Central High Museum, Inc. papers (CHSC 314)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Little Rock Public Schools (Little Rock, Ark.)","African Americans--Education--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["Alex Wilson pursued and attacked by segregationist mob"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15728coll1/id/13263"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site believes this item is covered by our copyright, fair use, or public domain. If you claim copyright, contact the National Historic Site."],"dcterms_medium":["photographic prints"],"dcterms_extent":["8 x 10 in"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Wilson, Alex"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"bcas_p15728coll1_13405","title":"Alex Wilson pursued and attacked by segregationist mob","collection_id":"bcas_p15728coll1","collection_title":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Photographs Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, Central High School, 34.73683, -92.29895"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":["Alex Wilson being pursued and attacked by segregationist mob near Central High School.","Recto: A school integration taunts Alex Wilson on street near Little Rock Central High.","This project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resources."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Central High Museum, Inc. papers (CHSC 314)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Little Rock Public Schools (Little Rock, Ark.)","African Americans--Education--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["Alex Wilson pursued and attacked by segregationist mob"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15728coll1/id/13405"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site believes this item is covered by our copyright, fair use, or public domain. If you claim copyright, contact the National Historic Site."],"dcterms_medium":["photographic prints"],"dcterms_extent":["8 x 10 in"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Wilson, Alex"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_782","title":"Arkansas Episcopal Bishop Calls for Peace","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":["Letter from Episcopal Bishop of Arkansas Robert R. Brown condemning violence at Little Rock Central High School.","Integration -- Desegregation -- African-Americans -- Blacks -- Little Rock Central High School -- Little Rock (Ark.) -- Episcopal Church -- Little Rock -- Pulaski"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Arkansas Episcopal Bishop Calls for Peace"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/782"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["letters (correspondence)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Brown, Robert R."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_784","title":"Arkansas Episcopal Bishop Calls for Peace","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":["Letter from Episcopal Bishop of Arkansas Robert R. Brown condemning violence at Little Rock Central High School.","Integration -- Desegregation -- African-Americans -- Blacks -- Little Rock Central High School -- Little Rock (Ark.) -- Episcopal Church -- Little Rock -- Pulaski"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Arkansas Episcopal Bishop Calls for Peace"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/784"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["letters (correspondence)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Brown, Robert R."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_783","title":"Arkansas Episcopal Bishop Calls for Peace","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":["Letter from Episcopal Bishop of Arkansas Robert R. Brown condemning violence at Little Rock Central High School.","Integration -- Desegregation -- African-Americans -- Blacks -- Little Rock Central High School -- Little Rock (Ark.) -- Episcopal Church -- Little Rock -- Pulaski"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Arkansas Episcopal Bishop Calls for Peace"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/783"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["letters (correspondence)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Brown, Robert R."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mum_jws-race_736","title":"George Carson to Jim, 23 September 1957","collection_id":"mum_jws-race","collection_title":"James W. Silver Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, District of Columbia, Washington, 38.89511, -77.03637"],"dcterms_creator":["Carson, George"],"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Silver, James W. (James Wesley), 1907-1988","James W. Silver Collection, Archives and Special Collections, University of Mississippi Libraries"],"dcterms_subject":["American Historical Association"],"dcterms_title":["George Carson to Jim, 23 September 1957"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["John Davis Williams Library. Department of Archives and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://clio.lib.olemiss.edu/cdm/ref/collection/JWS_race/id/736"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright of materials in the James W. Silver Collection remains with the creator or original publication. These items may not be reproduced, re-posted or saved except under fair use, as stipulated by copyright law: reproduction is not to be \"used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.\" If a user makes use of these digital files for purposes in excess of \"fair use,\" that user may be liable for copyright infringement."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"bcas_p15728coll1_13290","title":"Little Rock police officers keep white protestors behind barricades","collection_id":"bcas_p15728coll1","collection_title":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Photographs Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, Central High School, 34.73683, -92.29895"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":["Little Rock police officers keep white protestors behind barricades.","Recto: Little Rock Policemen work to keep protestors behind barricades at Central High on September","This project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resources."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Central High Museum, Inc. papers (CHSC 314)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Little Rock Public Schools (Little Rock, Ark.)","African Americans--Education--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","Police"],"dcterms_title":["Little Rock police officers keep white protestors behind barricades"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15728coll1/id/13290"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site believes this item is covered by our copyright, fair use, or public domain. If you claim copyright, contact the National Historic Site."],"dcterms_medium":["photographic prints"],"dcterms_extent":["8 x 10 in"],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"dde_ddetimeline_133","title":"Press release regarding Little Rock situation","collection_id":"dde_ddetimeline","collection_title":"Presidential Timeline of the Twentieth Century Information: Dwight D. Eisenhower","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Rhode Island, Newport County, Newport, 41.4901, -71.31283"],"dcterms_creator":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"dc_date":["1957-09-23"],"dcterms_description":["Press release from September 23, 1957 in which President Dwight D. Eisenhower addresses the ongoing school integration crisis at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. Eisenhower affirms the laws of the United States, pledges the government's full power to enforce the rulings of the federal courts, urges that a \"sense of justice and fair play prevail,\" and expresses his confidence in the citizens of Little Rock and Arkansas to respect the law. The Little Rock school district voted to integrate its schools in 1957. Governor Faubus, opposed to integration, sent members of the Arkansas National Guard to prevent African American students--the \"Little Rock Nine\"--from entering Little Rock Central High School on September 4. Federal courts ordered Governor Faubus to remove the troops and permit the nine students to enter the school on September 23, 1957. However, because of the rioting that continued outside, the students were removed from the school after three hours. President Dwight D. Eisenhower ordered troops from the 101st Airborne Division to Little Rock to restore order and to protect the students. After a single year of integration, Governor Faubus closed the Little Rock public high schools to avoid further integration. The United States Supreme Court declared Faubus' action illegal and the public schools reopened August 1959.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of: Presidential Timeline of the Twentieth Century."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Collection: Papers of James C. Hagerty, Press Secretary to the President, 1953-1961,  Series: Subject Files Series, Box Number: 6, Folder Title: Integration--Little Rock, 1957 (1)."],"dcterms_subject":["Federal-state controversies--Arkansas","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","African American students--Arkansas--Little Rock","High school students--Arkansas--Little Rock","Segregation in education--Arkansas--Little Rock","Race riots--Arkansas--Little Rock","Violence--Arkansas--Little Rock","Race relations","Little Rock (Ark.)--Race relations--History--20th century","Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Soldiers--United States","Presidents--United States","Intervention (Federal government)--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["Press release regarding Little Rock situation"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Dwight D. Eisenhower Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://presidentialtimeline.org/html/record.php?id=133"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Rights Status: Unrestricted"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["press releases"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null}],"pages":{"current_page":4906,"next_page":4907,"prev_page":4905,"total_pages":6795,"limit_value":12,"offset_value":58860,"total_count":81537,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false},"facets":[{"name":"educator_resource_mediums_sms","items":[{"value":"lesson plans","hits":319},{"value":"teaching guides","hits":53},{"value":"timelines (chronologies)","hits":43},{"value":"online exhibitions","hits":38},{"value":"bibliographies","hits":15},{"value":"study guides","hits":11},{"value":"annotated bibliographies","hits":9},{"value":"learning modules","hits":6},{"value":"worksheets","hits":6},{"value":"slide shows","hits":4},{"value":"quizzes","hits":1}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":16,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"type_facet","items":[{"value":"Text","hits":40476},{"value":"StillImage","hits":35236},{"value":"MovingImage","hits":4529},{"value":"Sound","hits":3225},{"value":"Collection","hits":41},{"value":"InteractiveResource","hits":25}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":16,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"creator_facet","items":[{"value":"Peppler, Jim","hits":4964},{"value":"Phay, John E.","hits":4712},{"value":"University of Mississippi. Bureau of Educational Research","hits":4707},{"value":"Baldowski, Clifford H., 1917-1999","hits":2599},{"value":"Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission","hits":2255},{"value":"Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003","hits":2077},{"value":"WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)","hits":1475},{"value":"Newman, I. DeQuincey (Isaiah DeQuincey), 1911-1985","hits":1003},{"value":"The State Media Company (Columbia, S.C.)","hits":926},{"value":"Atlanta Journal-Constitution","hits":844},{"value":"Herrera, John J.","hits":778}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"subject_facet","items":[{"value":"African Americans--Civil rights","hits":9422},{"value":"Civil rights","hits":8352},{"value":"African Americans","hits":5889},{"value":"Mississippi--Race relations","hits":5750},{"value":"Race relations","hits":5630},{"value":"Education, Secondary","hits":5083},{"value":"Education, Elementary","hits":4729},{"value":"Segregation in education--Mississippi","hits":4727},{"value":"Education--Pictorial works","hits":4707},{"value":"Civil rights demonstrations","hits":4440},{"value":"Civil rights workers","hits":3536}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"subject_personal_facet","items":[{"value":"Smith, Lillian (Lillian Eugenia), 1897-1966--Correspondence","hits":1888},{"value":"King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","hits":1812},{"value":"Meredith, James, 1933-","hits":1709},{"value":"Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998","hits":1515},{"value":"Herrera, John J.","hits":1312},{"value":"Parks, Rosa, 1913-2005","hits":1068},{"value":"Jordan, Barbara, 1936-1996","hits":858},{"value":"Young, Andrew, 1932-","hits":814},{"value":"Smith, Lillian (Lillian Eugenia), 1897-1966","hits":719},{"value":"Mizell, M. Hayes","hits":674},{"value":"Silver, James W. (James Wesley), 1907-1988","hits":626}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"name_authoritative_sms","items":[{"value":"Smith, Lillian (Lillian Eugenia), 1897-1966","hits":2598},{"value":"King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","hits":1912},{"value":"Meredith, James, 1933-","hits":1704},{"value":"Herrera, John J.","hits":1331},{"value":"Parks, Rosa, 1913-2005","hits":1068},{"value":"Jordan, Barbara, 1936-1996","hits":856},{"value":"Young, Andrew, 1932-","hits":806},{"value":"Silver, James W. (James Wesley), 1907-1988","hits":625},{"value":"Connor, Eugene, 1897-1973","hits":605},{"value":"Snelling, Paula","hits":580},{"value":"Williams, Hosea, 1926-2000","hits":440}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"event_title_sms","items":[{"value":"Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Nobel Prize","hits":1767},{"value":"Ole Miss Integration","hits":1670},{"value":"Housing Act of 1961","hits":969},{"value":"Little Rock Central High School Integration","hits":851},{"value":"Memphis Sanitation Workers Strike","hits":366},{"value":"Selma-Montgomery March","hits":337},{"value":"Freedom Summer","hits":306},{"value":"Freedom Rides","hits":214},{"value":"Poor People's Campaign","hits":180},{"value":"University of Georgia Integration","hits":173},{"value":"University of Alabama Integration","hits":140}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"location_facet","items":[{"value":"United States, 39.76, -98.5","hits":17824},{"value":"United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798","hits":5436},{"value":"United States, Alabama, Montgomery County, Montgomery, 32.36681, -86.29997","hits":5132},{"value":"United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018","hits":4847},{"value":"United States, South Carolina, 34.00043, -81.00009","hits":4801},{"value":"United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","hits":4354},{"value":"United States, Alabama, 32.75041, -86.75026","hits":3966},{"value":"United States, Mississippi, 32.75041, -89.75036","hits":2907},{"value":"United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","hits":2611},{"value":"United States, Tennessee, Shelby County, Memphis, 35.14953, -90.04898","hits":2580},{"value":"United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","hits":2562}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"us_states_facet","items":[{"value":"Georgia","hits":12822},{"value":"Alabama","hits":11312},{"value":"Mississippi","hits":10214},{"value":"South Carolina","hits":8696},{"value":"Arkansas","hits":4750},{"value":"Texas","hits":4399},{"value":"Tennessee","hits":3778},{"value":"Florida","hits":2602},{"value":"Ohio","hits":2403},{"value":"North Carolina","hits":1876},{"value":"New York","hits":1843}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"year_facet","items":[{"value":"1966","hits":10613},{"value":"1963","hits":10270},{"value":"1965","hits":10196},{"value":"1956","hits":9826},{"value":"1955","hits":9604},{"value":"1964","hits":9339},{"value":"1968","hits":9329},{"value":"1962","hits":9233},{"value":"1967","hits":8884},{"value":"1957","hits":8503},{"value":"1961","hits":8265},{"value":"1958","hits":8243},{"value":"1959","hits":8043},{"value":"1960","hits":7933},{"value":"1969","hits":7333},{"value":"1954","hits":7226},{"value":"1950","hits":7106},{"value":"1953","hits":6958},{"value":"1970","hits":6832},{"value":"1971","hits":6422},{"value":"1977","hits":6367},{"value":"1972","hits":6252},{"value":"1952","hits":6150},{"value":"1951","hits":6035},{"value":"1975","hits":5894},{"value":"1974","hits":5864},{"value":"1976","hits":5863},{"value":"1973","hits":5688},{"value":"1979","hits":5416},{"value":"1978","hits":5405},{"value":"1980","hits":5367},{"value":"1995","hits":4889},{"value":"1981","hits":4812},{"value":"1994","hits":4707},{"value":"1948","hits":4589},{"value":"1949","hits":4564},{"value":"1996","hits":4546},{"value":"1982","hits":4418},{"value":"1985","hits":4314},{"value":"1947","hits":4308},{"value":"1998","hits":4285},{"value":"1983","hits":4262},{"value":"1997","hits":4262},{"value":"1984","hits":4153},{"value":"1999","hits":4078},{"value":"1946","hits":4036},{"value":"1945","hits":4010},{"value":"1986","hits":4007},{"value":"1990","hits":3989},{"value":"2000","hits":3899},{"value":"1943","hits":3892},{"value":"1944","hits":3888},{"value":"2001","hits":3881},{"value":"1942","hits":3860},{"value":"1940","hits":3757},{"value":"1941","hits":3749},{"value":"1987","hits":3745},{"value":"2002","hits":3629},{"value":"1991","hits":3555},{"value":"1992","hits":3503},{"value":"1936","hits":3502},{"value":"1939","hits":3496},{"value":"2003","hits":3493},{"value":"1993","hits":3484},{"value":"1938","hits":3461},{"value":"1937","hits":3445},{"value":"1989","hits":3442},{"value":"1930","hits":3374},{"value":"1988","hits":3356},{"value":"1935","hits":3302},{"value":"1933","hits":3267},{"value":"1934","hits":3267},{"value":"1932","hits":3251},{"value":"1931","hits":3236},{"value":"2005","hits":3147},{"value":"2004","hits":3000},{"value":"2006","hits":2864},{"value":"1929","hits":2785},{"value":"1928","hits":2268},{"value":"1921","hits":2122},{"value":"1925","hits":2036},{"value":"1927","hits":2022},{"value":"2016","hits":2017},{"value":"1924","hits":2007},{"value":"1926","hits":2006},{"value":"1920","hits":1974},{"value":"1923","hits":1953},{"value":"1922","hits":1927},{"value":"2007","hits":1719},{"value":"2008","hits":1668},{"value":"2011","hits":1666},{"value":"2019","hits":1630},{"value":"2009","hits":1628},{"value":"2013","hits":1620},{"value":"2015","hits":1619},{"value":"2010","hits":1605},{"value":"2014","hits":1571},{"value":"2012","hits":1570},{"value":"1919","hits":1531},{"value":"1918","hits":1529}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":100,"offset":0,"prefix":null},"min":"0193","max":"2035","count":506210,"missing":54},{"name":"medium_facet","items":[{"value":"photographs","hits":10709},{"value":"correspondence","hits":9648},{"value":"black-and-white photographs","hits":7623},{"value":"negatives (photographs)","hits":7513},{"value":"documents (object genre)","hits":4389},{"value":"letters (correspondence)","hits":3623},{"value":"oral histories (literary works)","hits":3607},{"value":"black-and-white negatives","hits":2772},{"value":"editorial cartoons","hits":2620},{"value":"newspapers","hits":1952},{"value":"manuscripts (documents)","hits":1693}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"rights_facet","items":[{"value":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","hits":41190},{"value":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/","hits":17749},{"value":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/","hits":8830},{"value":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/","hits":7110},{"value":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","hits":2186},{"value":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-NC/1.0/","hits":1779},{"value":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-CR/1.0/","hits":1115},{"value":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","hits":145},{"value":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/","hits":59},{"value":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-RUU/1.0/","hits":51},{"value":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","hits":27}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"collection_titles_sms","items":[{"value":"Jim Peppler Southern Courier Photograph Collection","hits":4956},{"value":"John E. Phay Collection ","hits":4706},{"value":"John J. Herrera Papers","hits":3288},{"value":"Baldy Editorial Cartoons, 1946-1982, 1997: Clifford H. Baldowski Editorial Cartoons at the Richard B. Russell Library.","hits":2607},{"value":"Sovereignty Commission Online","hits":2335},{"value":"Strom Thurmond Collection, Mss 100","hits":2068},{"value":"Alabama Media Group Collection","hits":2067},{"value":"Black Trailblazers, Leaders, Activists, and Intellectuals in Cleveland","hits":2033},{"value":"Rosa Parks Papers","hits":1948},{"value":"Isaiah DeQuincey Newman, (1911-1985), Papers, 1929-2003","hits":1904},{"value":"Lillian Eugenia Smith Papers (circa 1920-1980)","hits":1887}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"provenance_facet","items":[{"value":"John Davis Williams Library. Department of Archives and Special Collections","hits":8885},{"value":"Alabama. Department of Archives and History","hits":8153},{"value":"South Caroliniana Library","hits":4949},{"value":"Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library","hits":4102},{"value":"University of North Texas. Libraries","hits":3854},{"value":"University of South Carolina. Libraries","hits":3459},{"value":"Hargrett Library","hits":3292},{"value":"Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies","hits":2874},{"value":"Mississippi. Department of Archives and History","hits":2825},{"value":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies","hits":2816},{"value":"Rhodes College","hits":2264}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"class_name","items":[{"value":"Item","hits":81085},{"value":"Collection","hits":452}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":100,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"educator_resource_b","items":[{"value":"false","hits":81340},{"value":"true","hits":197}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":100,"offset":0,"prefix":null}}]}}