{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn69624","title":"BLACKS AT WORK IN JOHANNESBURG","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1960-04-21"],"dcterms_description":["Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans","Discrimination","Demonstrations","Labor","South Africa","Johannesburg (South Africa)"],"dcterms_title":["BLACKS AT WORK IN JOHANNESBURG"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. 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Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Ga"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 min.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"tnn_npldl_bn_1960-1169-n10","title":"Photograph of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Reverend Kelly Miller Smith, Fisk University, Nashville, Tennessee, 1960 April 21","collection_id":"tnn_npldl","collection_title":"Nashville Public Library Digital Collections Portal: Civil Rights","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, Davidson County, Nashville, 36.16589, -86.78444"],"dcterms_creator":["Gunter, Jack"],"dc_date":["1960-04-21"],"dcterms_description":["A photograph of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Reverend Kelly Miller Smith at Fisk University, Nashville, Tennessee, April 21, 1960, preparing to speak to an audience of over 4000 following the bombing of the home of prominent civil rights attorney, Z. 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While urging the audience to continue with the sit-in demonstrations, Dr. King gave an interpretation of nonviolence by saying: \"We will say, do what you will to us, but we will wear you down by our capacity to suffer.\""],"dc_format":["image/tiff"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of online collection: Civil Rights Online Collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Nashville Banner Archives, Special Collections Division, Nashville Public Library."],"dcterms_subject":["Fisk University","Nashville Christian Leadership Conference","African Americans--Civil rights--Tennessee--Nashville","Civil rights movements--Tennessee--Nashville--History--Sources","Nonviolence--History","Nonviolence--Study and teaching--Tennessee--Nashville","African Americans--Tennessee--Nashville--History--Sources","Segregation--Tennessee--Nashville","Manners and customs--Tennessee--Nashville","Activists--American--Tennessee--Nashville","Nashville (Tenn.)--History--Sources","Nashville (Tenn.)--Race relations","Nashville (Tenn.)--Social conditions","Nashville (Tenn.)--Race relations","Southern States--Race relations--History--20th century--Sources"],"dcterms_title":["Photograph of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Reverend Kelly Miller Smith, Fisk University, Nashville, Tennessee, 1960 April 21"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Nashville Public Library (Tenn.). 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Guy Carawan is credited with teaching many of the Nashville student leaders the song \"We Shall Overcome.\""],"dc_format":["image/tiff"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Forms part of the Nashville Banner Archives, Special Collections Division, Nashville Public Library."],"dcterms_subject":["Fisk University","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Highlander Folk School (Monteagle, Tenn.)","Folk music--United States","Protest songs--Tennessee--Nashville","African Americans--Civil rights--Tennessee--Nashville","Civil rights movements--Tennessee--History--Sources","Nonviolence--Study and teaching--Tennessee--Nashville","African Americans--Tennessee--Nashville--History--Sources","Segregation--Tennessee--Nashville","Folk music--Tennessee--Nashville","Activists--American--Tennessee--Nashville","Nashville (Tenn.)--History--Sources","Nashville (Tenn.)--Social conditions","Nashville (Tenn.)--Race relations","Southern States--Race relations--History--20th century--Sources"],"dcterms_title":["Photograph of mass meeting, Fisk University, Nashville, Tennessee, with Guy Carawan leading song on guitar, 1960 April 21"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Nashville Public Library (Tenn.). Special Collections Division"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.library.nashville.org/u?/nr,558"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["U.S. and international copyright laws protect this digital content, which is provided for educational purposes only and may not be downloaded, reproduced, or distributed for any other purpose without written permission. Please contact the Special Collections Division of the Nashville Public Library, 615 Church Street, Nashville, Tennessee, 37219. Telephone (615) 862-5782."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":["1 photograph negative : b\u0026w ; 3.25 x 4.25 in."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Carawan, Guy","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Alexander, Peggy","Walker, Matthew","Looby, Z. 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These items may not be reproduced, re-posted or saved except under fair use, as stipulated by copyright law: reproduction is not to be \"used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.\" If a user makes use of these digital files for purposes in excess of \"fair use\" that user may be liable for copyright infringement."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"tws_oid32_32690","title":"Memphis World, 1960 April 20th","collection_id":"tws_oid32","collection_title":"Memphis World","dcterms_contributor":["Beauchamp, J. A."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, Shelby County, Memphis, 35.14953, -90.04898"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1960-04-20"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":["MW_v29n76_1960-04-20"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Memphis World Collection"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights","Race","African Americans"],"dcterms_title":["Memphis World, 1960 April 20th"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Rhodes College"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://hdl.handle.net/10267/32690"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newspapers"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"int_jjhp_248604","title":"[Program for San Jacinto Day Celebration - 1960-04]","collection_id":"int_jjhp","collection_title":"John J. Herrera Papers","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Texas, Harris County, 29.85728, -95.39234"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1960-04-20/1960-04-21"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/png"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Humble Touring Service"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["People--Ethnic Groups--Hispanics","Social Life and Customs--Clubs and Organizations","San Jacinto Battleground State Historic Site (Tex)","Programs"],"dcterms_title":["[Program for San Jacinto Day Celebration - 1960-04]","[Program for San Jacinto Day Celebration - April 20 and 21, 1960]"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Texas. 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Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn40249"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn40249"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn40249, (No title), WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0852, 14:47/15:31, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Ga"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 min.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mum_citizens_clip-40","title":"Our Southern Senators Should Have the Hardihood to Admit Defeat","collection_id":"mum_citizens","collection_title":"Citizens' Council Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, 32.75041, -89.75036"],"dcterms_creator":["State Times"],"dc_date":["1960-04-19"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Citizens' Councils of America","Segregation--Southern States","Mississippi--Race relations","White Citizens councils","White supremacy movements--United States","Segregation--United States"],"dcterms_title":["Our Southern Senators Should Have the Hardihood to Admit Defeat"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["John Davis Williams Library. Department of Archives and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://egrove.olemiss.edu/citizens_clip/40"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Images in this collection are for personal use only. These items may not be reproduced, re-posted or saved except under fair use, as stipulated by U.S. Copyright Law : reproduction is not to be \"used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.\""],"dcterms_medium":["clippings (information artifacts)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"tnn_npldl_bp-segregation-nash-tn-april_1960-crowd","title":"Photograph of a massive crowd of silent marchers, Nashville, Tennessee, 1960 April 19","collection_id":"tnn_npldl","collection_title":"Nashville Public Library Digital Collections Portal: Civil Rights","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, Davidson County, Nashville, 36.16589, -86.78444"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1960-04-19"],"dcterms_description":["A photograph of a massive crowd of silent marchers at the Court House Square, Davidson County Courthouse, James Robertson Parkway, Nashville, Tennessee, April 19, 1960. A crowd of over 3000 participants marched in silence from the campus of Tennessee A \u0026 I University to the office of Mayor Ben West at City Hall to protest the bombing of the home of civil rights attorney Z. Alexander Looby.  Upon arriving at the Court House Square, students and leaders confronted Mayor Ben West about his viewpoints on lunch counter segregation.  This was the first major step in desegregating public accommodations in Nashville. Forms part of the Nashville Banner Archives."],"dc_format":["image/tiff"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Nashville Banner Archives, Special Collections Division, Nashville Public Library."],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights--Tennessee--Nashville","Civil rights workers--Tennessee--Nashville","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Suffrage","Civil rights demonstrations--Tennessee--Nashville","Civil rights movements--Tennessee--Nashville","Social change--Tennessee--Nashville","Student protesters--Tennessee--Nashville","Activists--American--Tennessee--Nashville","Protest movements--Tennessee--Nashville","Nashville (Tenn.)--History--Sources","Nashville (Tenn.)--Social conditions","Southern States--Race relations--History--20th century--Sources","Court House Square (Nashville, Tenn.)--History","Public Square (Nashville, Tenn.)--History","James Robertson Parkway (Nashville, Tenn.)","Nashville (Tenn.)--Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Photograph of a massive crowd of silent marchers, Nashville, Tennessee, 1960 April 19"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Nashville Public Library (Tenn.). Special Collections Division"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.library.nashville.org/u?/nr,565"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["U.S. and international copyright laws protect this digital content, which is provided for educational purposes only and may not be downloaded, reproduced, or distributed for any other purpose without written permission. Please contact the Special Collections Division of the Nashville Public Library, 615 Church Street, Nashville, Tennessee, 37219. Telephone (615) 862-5782."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":["1 photograph: b \u0026 w; 8 x 10 in."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Nash, Diane, 1938-","LaFayette, Bernard, Jr.","Lawson, James M., 1928-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn40260","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an interview with civil rights lawyer and city councilman Alexander Looby after his home was bombed in Nashville, Tennessee, 1960 April 19","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Looby, Z. Alexander (Zephaniah Alexander), 1899-"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, Davidson County, Nashville, 36.16589, -86.78444"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1960-04-19"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from April 19, 1960 an unidentified reporter interviews civil rights lawyer and city councilman Z. Alexander Looby after his home in Nashville, Tennessee was bombed.","The clip begins in the middle of the reporter's question to Z. Alexander Looby about the increased racial tension in Southern cities caused by student-led sit-ins. Looby recognizes that some communities, including Nashville, have experienced heightened racial tension since the sit-ins began in February. However, he attributes the bombing of his home to \"the hoodlum element in our community,\" declaring it an isolated incident. Asked if the sit-ins and other civil rights direct action has been worth the growth of racial tension and the threat of violence and mob action, Looby expresses his hope that there will not be violence and asserts that the movement is worth the risk of \"some possible violence.\" He cautions that African Americans no longer accept continued segregation despite fears of possible violence.","The home of Nashville city councilman Z. Alexander Looby was bombed early in the morning of April 19, 1960. Looby and his wife were not harmed in the attack. Looby, a lawyer for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), served as chief council for the 153 Nashville students that had been arrested in the two months of sit-in demonstrations. The bomb caused damage to other homes in the neighborhood and blew out nearly one hundred fifty windows in Meharry Medical College across the street. In response to the bombing, over two thousand African Americans marched downtown to city hall to protest police failure to halt racial violence where Nashville mayor Ben West met the protestors. In response to a question by movement leader Diane Nash, mayor West said he favored ending segregation at lunch counters downtown. Community leaders reached an agreement to begin desegregating Nashville lunch counters May 10. According to newspaper reports, as of June 25, police had not arrested anyone in connection of the Looby bombing.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn40260"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American civil rights workers--Tennessee--Nashville","Civil rights workers--Tennessee--Nashville","African American lawyers--Tennessee--Nashville","Lawyers--Tennessee--Nashville","Reporters and reporting--Tennessee--Nashville","Interviews--Tennessee--Nashville","City council members--Tennessee--Nashville","African American civic leaders--Tennessee--Nashville","Civic leaders--Tennessee--Nashville","Bombings--Tennessee--Nashville","Offenses against property--Tennessee--Nashville","Civil rights movements--Tennessee--Nashville","African Americans--Civil rights--Tennessee--Nashville","Race relations","Sit-ins--Southern States","Sit-ins--Tennessee--Nashville","Civil rights movements--Southern States","African Americans--Violence against--Tennessee--Nashville","Segregation--Tennessee--Nashville","Segregation--Southern States","Intimidation--Tennessee--Nashville","Nashville (Tenn.)--Race relations--History--20th century","Southern States--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an interview with civil rights lawyer and city councilman Alexander Looby after his home was bombed in Nashville, Tennessee, 1960 April 19"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. 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