{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"src_p16817coll21_261","title":"Robert F. Kennedy tours The State-Record Company","collection_id":"src_p16817coll21","collection_title":"The State Newspaper Photograph Archive","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, Richland County, 34.0218, -80.90304","United States, South Carolina, Richland County, Columbia, 34.00071, -81.03481"],"dcterms_creator":["Roberts, Maxie","The State Media Company (Columbia, S.C.)"],"dc_date":["1961-12-12"],"dcterms_description":["U.S. Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, right, receives a tour of The State-Record Company building.","1103 George Rogers Boulevard, Columbia, S.C."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":["state_267_0120"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Box 267, Robert F. 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Kennedy, arrival at Columbia Air, press conference, visiting The State-Record, The State Newspaper Photograph Archive"],"dcterms_subject":["Politicians"],"dcterms_title":["Robert F. Kennedy tours The State-Record Company"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Richland Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://localhistory.richlandlibrary.com/digital/collection/p16817coll21/id/282"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Copyright The State Media Company. All rights reserved. For more information, contact the Walker Local and Family History Center at Richland Library, Columbia, S.C. 29201."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968","Cauthen, Henry F. (Henry Finlayson)"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_jad_693","title":"Letter, 1961 Dec. 11, (Columbia, S.C.), John H. McCray, to Joseph A. 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De Laine, Sr., (Hollis, Long Island, N.Y.)"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["South Caroliniana Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.tcl.sc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/jad/id/693"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For more information contact the South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_jad_jad693","title":"Letter, 1961 Dec. 11, (Columbia, S.C.), John H. McCray, to Joseph A. DeLaine, Sr., (Hollis, Long Island, N.Y.)","collection_id":"suc_jad","collection_title":"Rev. Joseph A. DeLaine Papers ca. 1918-2000","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, New York, New York County, New York, 40.7142691, -74.0059729","United States, South Carolina, Richland County, Columbia, 34.00071, -81.03481"],"dcterms_creator":["McCray, John Henry, 1910-1987"],"dc_date":["1961-12-11"],"dcterms_description":["Letter from John H. McCray of Columbia, South Carolina to Joseph A. DeLaine, Sr. of Hollis, Long Island, New York regarding the date the school segregation case Brown v. Board of Education was filed. McCray notes the likelihood that the Clarendon County, South Carolina school segregation case, Briggs v. Elliott, was the oldest of the five cases combined under the Brown v. Board of Education case argued before the United States Supreme Court and decided in 1954. The letter is written on Pittsburgh Courier letterhead.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of online collection: Rev. Joseph A. 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South Caroliniana Library"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Legal size - 13439 - (Folder 11)","Joseph A. DeLaine Papers"],"dcterms_subject":["De Laine, Joseph A. (Joseph Armstrong), 1898-1974--Correspondence","Wilkins, Roy,1901---Correspondence","African Americans--Civil rights--Southern States--History--20th century","African Americans--Civil rights--South Carolina","South Carolina--Social conditions--History","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"dcterms_title":["Letter, 1961 Dec. 11, (New York, N.Y.), Roy Wilkins, to Joseph A. De Laine, Sr., (Hollis, Long Island, N.Y.)"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["South Caroliniana Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.tcl.sc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/jad/id/565"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For more information contact the South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Briggs, Harry, -1986"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_jad_jad565","title":"Letter, 1961 Dec. 11, (New York, N.Y.), Roy Wilkins, to Joseph A. DeLaine, Sr., (Hollis, Long Island, N.Y.)","collection_id":"suc_jad","collection_title":"Rev. Joseph A. DeLaine Papers ca. 1918-2000","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, New York, New York County, New York, 40.7142691, -74.0059729","United States, South Carolina, Clarendon County, 33.66581, -80.2164"],"dcterms_creator":["Wilkins, Roy, 1901-1981"],"dc_date":["1961-12-11"],"dcterms_description":["Letter from Roy Wilkins, executive secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in New York, New York in response to Joseph A. DeLaine, Sr. of Hollis, Long Island, New York, claiming no recollection of Harry Briggs' case. Wilkins notes that the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. under Thurgood Marshall is a separate organization. Wilkins also reminds DeLaine of assistance NAACP provided to farmers in Clarendon County, South Carolina. Wilkins offers to meet with DeLaine to discuss Harry Briggs' case and to decide how best to assist him.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of online collection: Rev. Joseph A. DeLaine papers, ca. 1918-2000."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Legal size - 13439 - (Folder 11), Joseph Armstrong DeLaine papers, ca. 1918-2000,  South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbus, South Carolina."],"dcterms_subject":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","African American civil rights workers--New York (State)--New York","Civil rights workers--New York (State)--New York","African American clergy--New York (State)--New York","Clergy--New York (State)--New York","African American civil rights workers--South Carolina--Clarendon County","Civil rights workers--South Carolina--Clarendon County","African American farmers--South Carolina--Clarendon County","Trials--South Carolina","NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund","Wilkins, Roy, 1901-1981--Correspondence","DeLaine, Joseph A. (Joseph Armstrong), 1898-1974--Correspondence","Briggs, Harry, d. 1986--Trials, litigation, etc."],"dcterms_title":["Letter, 1961 Dec. 11, (New York, N.Y.), Roy Wilkins, to Joseph A. DeLaine, Sr., (Hollis, Long Island, N.Y.)"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["South Caroliniana Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.tcl.sc.edu/digital/collection/jad/id/565"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["letters (correspondence)"],"dcterms_extent":["image/jpg","Manuscripts"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Wilkins, Roy, 1901-1981","De Laine, Joseph A. (Joseph Armstrong), 1898-1974","Briggs, Harry, -1986","Marshall, Thurgood, 1908-1993"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mum_jws-race_1811","title":"Tynee to Jim, 11 December 1961","collection_id":"mum_jws-race","collection_title":"James W. Silver Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee, 30.43826, -84.28073"],"dcterms_creator":["Silver, James W. (James Wesley), 1907-1988"],"dc_date":["1961-12-11"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Jordan, Weymouth T. (Weymouth Tyree)","James W. Silver Collection, Archives and Special Collections, University of Mississippi Libraries"],"dcterms_subject":["Southern Historical Association"],"dcterms_title":["Tynee to Jim, 11 December 1961"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["John Davis Williams Library. Department of Archives and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://clio.lib.olemiss.edu/cdm/ref/collection/JWS_race/id/1811"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright of materials in the James W. Silver Collection remains with the creator or original publication. These items may not be reproduced, re-posted or saved except under fair use, as stipulated by copyright law: reproduction is not to be \"used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.\" If a user makes use of these digital files for purposes in excess of \"fair use\" that user may be liable for copyright infringement."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn44927","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Laurie Pritchett, Albany police chief, speaking to reporters about the arrest of freedom riders in Albany, Georgia, 1961 December 10","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Dougherty County, Albany, 31.57851, -84.15574"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1961-12-10"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from December 10, 1961, Albany, Georgia, police chief Laurie Pritchett speaks to reporters in a press conference held in his office regarding the arrest of eight \"freedom riders\" and three local students at the railroad station earlier in the day. Chief Pritchett defends his decision to arrest the interracial group who traveled from Atlanta to Albany, stating that he ordered the eleven individuals arrested as a last resort after deciding that things with the waiting crowd \"could get out of hand at any time.\" After their arrest, the eight individuals were brought to police headquarters in a paddy wagon. Pritchett reports that the arrested freedom riders gave public addresses in Atlanta, North Carolina, New York, and Michigan; he then explains that after the arrest was made, Albany's traffic division officers restored normal traffic flow within fifteen to twenty minutes. In response to a question from an unidentified reporter (off-screen), Pritchett responds that Albany has been fortunate to have \"good relations with the colored population\" and until November 1, 1961 (the date that the Federal Interstate Commerce Commission ruled to ban segregation on interstate buses, trains, and stations that serviced interstate travelers), the city had not had any history of racial disturbance. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) organized the December 10 ride from Atlanta to Albany with four black and four white riders and a white observer, Casey Hayden, who monitored the group's interactions with the police and others. Black riders were SNCC executive secretary James Forman, Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) member Bernard Lee, SNCC office manager Norma Collins, and recent Atlanta University graduate, Lenora Taitt. White riders included Danish journalist Per Laursen, and three more SNCC members: Bob Zellner, Joan Browning, and Tom Hayden. A group of local African Americans had gathered to meet the riders at the train station, but only reporter A. C. Searles, SNCC member Charles Jones, and former Albany State College student Bertha Gober were allowed in the station. Freedom ride participants attempted to use the white waiting room; they were asked to leave by the police. Shortly after moving outside, all eight freedom riders were arrested, as were Jones, Gober, and another student from Albany State College, Willa Mae Henderson. All were charged with disorderly conduct, obstruction of the flow of traffic, and failure to obey an officer.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn44927"],"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Albany","African American college students--Georgia--Albany","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Albany","Arrest--Georgia--Albany","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Albany","Civil rights movements--Georgia--Albany","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Albany","Direct action--Georgia--Albany","Imprisonment--Georgia--Albany","Passive resistance--Georgia--Albany","Police--Georgia--Albany","Press conferences--Georgia--Albany","Race discrimination--Georgia--Albany","Railroad stations--Georgia--Albany","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Albany","Segregation in transportation--Georgia--Albany","Segregation--Georgia--Albany","Police vehicles--Georgia--Albany","Police chiefs--Georgia--Albany","Albany (Ga.)--Politics and government--History--20th century","Albany (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century","Albany State College--Students","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","United States. Interstate Commerce Commission","Atlanta University Center (Ga.)--Students"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Laurie Pritchett, Albany police chief, speaking to reporters about the arrest of freedom riders in Albany, Georgia, 1961 December 10"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn44927"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn44927"],"dcterms_temporal":["1961-12-10"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 2 min.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Jones, Charles, 1937-2019","Pritchett, Laurie, 1926-2000","Hayden, Casey","Forman, James, 1928-2005","Lee, Bernard Scott, -1991","Collins, Norma Freeman, 1941-","Taitt, A. Lenora","Laursen, Per Fibæk","Browning, Joan C.","Hayden, Tom","Searles, A. C. (Arthur C.)","Gober, Bertha","Henderson, Willa Mae","Zellner, Bob","Jones, Charles, 1937- --Imprisonment","Pritchett, Laurie, 1926-2000--Interviews","Hayden, Casey--Imprisonment","Forman, James, 1928-2005--Imprisonment","Lee, Bernard Scott, -1991--Imprisonment","Collins, Norma Freeman, 1941- --Imprisonment","Taitt, A. Lenora--Imprisonment","Laursen, Per Fibæk--Imprisonment","Browning, Joan C.--Imprisonment","Hayden, Tom--Imprisonment","Searles, A. C. (Arthur C.)--Imprisonment","Gober, Bertha--Imprisonment","Henderson, Willa Mae--Imprisonment","Zellner, Bob--Imprisonment"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn44899","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of police chief Laurie Pritchett speaking to reporters about the arrest of Freedom Riders in Albany, Georgia, 1961 December 10","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Pritchett, Laurie, 1926-2000"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Dougherty County, Albany, 31.57851, -84.15574"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1961-12-10"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from December 10, 1961 police chief Laurie Pritchett speaks to reporters following the arrest of Freedom Riders in Albany, Georgia.","The clip begins with a reporter introducing chief Pritchett and asking him to explain what happened when the Freedom Riders arrived in Albany the day before. Chief Pritchett begins by explaining that the police department had learned about the Freedom Ride through the Southwest Georgian, the local African American weekly newspaper as well as through the local office of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Pritchett reports that while the train station is usually quiet on Sunday afternoons, on the day the Freedom Riders arrived, a crowd started gathering around the train station about three p.m. Policemen were stationed around the station both in uniforms and in plain clothes. According to Pritchett, after the interracial group of nine riders arrived at the train station they moved into the waiting room. Pritchett then ordered the police officers to block off the doors to protect the Freedom Riders. He then says that he asked the Freedom Riders if they were planning to stay in town or move on. When the Freedom Riders said they were going to stay in town, Pritchett says he asked them to \"proceed on to where they were going to avoid causing trouble.\" Pritchett explains that the Freedom Riders left the waiting room and were greeted outside by a large group of African Americans who blocked the street. Pritchett indicates that he had the policemen protect the Freedom Riders and that he asked them to leave the street and go on their way.","In portions of the interview not recorded in this clip, Pritchett states that he ordered the riders arrested as a last resort after deciding that things with the waiting crowd \"could get out of hand at any time.\" After their arrest, the Freedom Riders were brought to police headquarters in a paddy wagon. Albany's traffic division officers restored normal traffic flow within fifteen to twenty minutes after the arrest.","The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) organized the December 10 ride from Atlanta to Albany with four black and four white riders and a white observer, Casey Hayden, who monitored the group's interactions with the police and others. Black riders were SNCC executive secretary James Forman, Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) member Bernard Lee, SNCC office manager Norma Collins, and recent Atlanta University graduate, Lenora Taitt. White riders included Danish journalist Per Laursen, and three more SNCC members: Bob Zellner, Joan Browning, and Tom Hayden. A group of local African Americans had gathered to meet the riders at the train station, but only reporter A. C. Searles, SNCC member Charles Jones, and former Albany State College student Bertha Gober were allowed in the station. Freedom ride participants attempted to use the white waiting room; they were asked to leave by the police. Shortly after moving outside, all eight freedom riders were arrested, as were Jones, Gober, and another student from Albany State College, Willa Mae Henderson. 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