{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"clu_uclamss-2051_zz0017n1vj","title":"Ralph Bunche On Integration : U.N. official says major breakthrough approaching : interview, the Courier-Journal, Louisville, Ky.","collection_id":"clu_uclamss-2051","collection_title":"Ralph J. Bunche Papers, 1927-1971","dcterms_contributor":["Bunche, Ralph J. (Ralph Johnson), 1904-1971"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["Oatis, William Nathan, 1914-1997"],"dc_date":["1963-06-09"],"dcterms_description":["Digitization took place as part of the California Cultures Project.","Newspaper article, topped by a 13 x 24 cm. photograph with the caption: \"Scenes like this from Birmingham, with police dogs used against negro demonstrators, have caused \"very bad reactions\" in Asia, Africa and Europe, says Ralph Bunche, Negro United Nations undersecretary, Bunche believes the situation climaxes a long struggle\". Article also includes a photograph of Ralph Bunche with the caption : Ralph J. Bunche \"Built-in impatience\". Also includes a political cartoon by Justus, Minneapolis Star, with the caption: Extra! Extra! U.S. Race Riots All About the Race Riots in America"],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":["uclamss_2051_b58_f35_1","ark:/21198/zz0017n1vj"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Bunche (Ralph J.) Papers"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","United States--Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Ralph Bunche On Integration : U.N. official says major breakthrough approaching : interview, the Courier-Journal, Louisville, Ky."],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of California, Los Angeles. Library. Department of Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.library.ucla.edu/catalog/ark:/21198/zz0017n1vj"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["articles"],"dcterms_extent":["1 p. : 58 x 27 cm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Bunche, Ralph J. (Ralph Johnson), 1904-1971"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45688","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an interracial group of civil rights students turned away after attempting to integrate S \u0026 W Cafeteria in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 June 9","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-06-09"],"dcterms_description":["In this silent WSB newsfilm clip possibly from June 9, 1963, an interracial group of civil rights student demonstrators are turned away in their attempt to integrate the S \u0026 W Cafeteria in Atlanta, Georgia. The clip begins with an interracial group of student demonstrators walking down the street. The men wear white shirts and ties and the women wear dresses; an African American woman and a white man have their arms around each others' waists. Outside a downtown building a group of white men confronts the students, and a white man pushes the students away from a doorway as he tries to close it. The students appear to speak to a white man in sunglasses; the African American woman has her arms draped around an African American man and a white man. The students try to maneuver themselves into the restaurant when the door opens. White patrons who leave try and avoid the demonstrators; a crowd on the sidewalk watches the exchange. Next the camera focuses on a broken glass panel at the bottom of the door. People walk on the sidewalk in front of the S \u0026 W Cafeteria between the demonstrators in front of the building and observers on the edge of the sidewalk. The demonstrators hold hands and stand in a line with their backs to the camera. The camera focuses on a white man in sun glasses who paces near the observers. The demonstrators again speak to the white men in front of the building before they walk away. Integration efforts in Atlanta focusing on restaurants and lunch counters began April 17, 1963 led by the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the Committee on Appeal for Human Rights (COAHR). Students demonstrated at the S \u0026 W Cafeteria, Leb's Restaurant, and Ship Ahoy. On May 29 the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce called upon member businesses to desegregate as soon as possible. On June 25, 1963 thirty-five eating establishments agreed to quietly desegregate on a thirty-day trial basis. Some whites picketed the integrating restaurants, and eventually most of the restaurants resegregated. Most Atlanta-area restaurants desegregated following the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn45688"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African American college students--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","Central business districts--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Direct action--Georgia--Atlanta","Restaurants--Georgia--Atlanta","Discrimination in restaurants--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","Sit-ins--Georgia--Atlanta"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an interracial group of civil rights students turned away after attempting to integrate S \u0026 W Cafeteria in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 June 9"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45688"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45688"],"dcterms_temporal":["1963-06-09"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn45688, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an interracial group of civil rights students turned away after attempting to integrate S \u0026 W Cafeteria in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 June 9, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1116, 34:42/36:18, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 mins., 36 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"tws_oid32_32825","title":"Memphis World, 1963 June 8th","collection_id":"tws_oid32","collection_title":"Memphis World","dcterms_contributor":["Beauchamp, J. A."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, Shelby County, Memphis, 35.14953, -90.04898"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1963-06-08"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":["MW_v31n51_1963-06-08"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Memphis World Collection"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights","Race","African Americans"],"dcterms_title":["Memphis World, 1963 June 8th"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Rhodes College"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://hdl.handle.net/10267/32825"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newspapers"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"dlg_bald_ph-148","title":"--Naw! Its force legislation, an' I hate force! / Baldy, [1963 June 8].","collection_id":"dlg_bald","collection_title":"Baldy Editorial Cartoons, 1946-1982, 1997: Clifford H. Baldowski Editorial Cartoons at the Richard B. Russell Library.","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["Baldowski, Clifford H., 1917-1999"],"dc_date":["1963-06-08"],"dcterms_description":["The Clifford \"Baldy\" Baldowski cartoon depicts a white man throwing an African American man out of a restaurant, while a white customer reads a newspaper with the headline \"Public Accommodation Declared Key to Rights Bill.\""],"dc_format":["image/jp2"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["[Atlanta, Ga. : Atlanta Constitution], 1963 Jun. 8]"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Clifford H. Baldowski Editorial Cartoon Collection, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dcterms_subject":["United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","African Americans--Civil rights--United States","Civil rights--United States","Discrimination in public accommodations--United States","Segregation--Law and legislation--United States"],"dcterms_title":["--Naw! Its force legislation, an' I hate force! / Baldy, [1963 June 8]."],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_bald_ph-148#item"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_bald_ph-148"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["The Baldowski cartoons created for The Atlanta Journal-Constitution are licensed to the Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries by The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.","Contact repository re: reproduction and usage."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: [Title of the cartoon], [Date of cartoon], editorial cartoon by Clifford H. Baldowski, Clifford H. Baldowski Editorial Cartoon Collection, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, presented in the Digital Library of Georgia."],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["editorial cartoons"],"dcterms_extent":["1 item ; 32 x 39 cm. paper pen and ink."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"int_jjhp_249152","title":"[Telegram from John J. Herrera to Clifton Carter - 1963-06-08]","collection_id":"int_jjhp","collection_title":"John J. Herrera Papers","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, District of Columbia, Washington, 38.89511, -77.03637","United States, Texas, Harris County, Houston, 29.76328, -95.36327"],"dcterms_creator":["Herrera, John J."],"dc_date":["1963-06-08"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/png"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["People--Ethnic Groups--Hispanics","Government and Law","Recommendations","Recommendation letters","Employment references","Alliance for Progress","Telegrams"],"dcterms_title":["[Telegram from John J. Herrera to Clifton Carter - 1963-06-08]","[Telegram from John J. Herrera to Clifton Carter - June 8, 1963]"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Texas. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth249152/"],"dcterms_temporal":["1939/2019"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["letters (correspondence)"],"dcterms_extent":["2 p. ; 15 x 20 cm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Carter, Clifton Crawford, 1918-1971","Ximenes, Vicente, 1919-2014"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn34861","title":"Unidentified mayor criticizes \"outside agitators.\" Declares desegregation crisis over.","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-06-08"],"dcterms_description":["Unidentified mayor criticizes \"outside agitators.\" Declares desegregation crisis over.","Slug title: Mayor's message to Negroes (172-865)","Title supplied by cataloger.","Cue sheet includes: \"F.M. #29531.\"","Slug title taken from paper file cue sheet."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn34861"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Segregation","Mayors"],"dcterms_title":["Unidentified mayor criticizes \"outside agitators.\" Declares desegregation crisis over.","Mayor's message to Negroes (172-865)"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn34861"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn34861"],"dcterms_temporal":["1963-06-08"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn34861, Unidentified mayor criticizes \"outside agitators.\" Declares desegregation crisis over., WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0773, 1:14/02:53, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 mins., 39 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"dlg_bald_am-1682","title":"[Baldy cartoon on William B. Hartsfield] / Baldy, [1963 June 7]","collection_id":"dlg_bald","collection_title":"Baldy Editorial Cartoons, 1946-1982, 1997: Clifford H. Baldowski Editorial Cartoons at the Richard B. Russell Library.","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["Baldowski, Clifford H., 1917-1999"],"dc_date":["1963-06-07"],"dcterms_description":["The Clifford Baldowski cartoon depicts Mayor Hartsfield at a bar. He is turning down a bottle labeled \"Old Liquor Controversy\" that the bartender is offering and saying \"Never Touch the Stuff!\" Other bottles, labeled \"Old Fluoridation,\" \"Peyton Road Cocktail,\" \"Old Race Issue 100 proof,\" \"Ancient Airport Runway 90 proof,\" and \"Federal Building Controversy 86 proof\" are scattered around him.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["image/jp2"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["[Atlanta, Ga. : Atlanta Constitution, 1963 June 7]"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Clifford H. Baldowski Editorial Cartoon Collection, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dcterms_subject":["Water--Fluoridation--Georgia--Atlanta","Airports--Georgia--Atlanta","Atlanta (Ga.)--Politics and government","Atlanta (Ga.)--Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["[Baldy cartoon on William B. Hartsfield] / Baldy, [1963 June 7]"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_bald_am-1682#item"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.usg.edu/record/dlg_bald_am-1682"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["The Baldowski cartoons created for The Atlanta Journal-Constitution are licensed to the Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries by The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.","Contact repository re: reproduction and usage."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: [Title of the cartoon], [Date of cartoon], editorial cartoon by Clifford H. Baldowski, Clifford H. Baldowski Editorial Cartoon Collection, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, presented in the Digital Library of Georgia."],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["editorial cartoons"],"dcterms_extent":["1 item ; 43 x 33 cm. paper pen and ink."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Hartsfield, William Berry"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mum_jws-race_173","title":"Barnett maintains UM segregated","collection_id":"mum_jws-race","collection_title":"James W. Silver Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, 32.75041, -89.75036"],"dcterms_creator":["United Press International"],"dc_date":["1963-06-07"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["unknown"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["James W. Silver Collection, Archives \u0026 Special Collections, University of Mississippi Libraries"],"dcterms_subject":["College integration--Mississippi--Oxford"],"dcterms_title":["Barnett maintains UM segregated"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["John Davis Williams Library. Department of Archives and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://clio.lib.olemiss.edu/cdm/ref/collection/JWS_race/id/173"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright of materials in the James W. Silver Collection remains with the creator or original publication. These items may not be reproduced, re-posted or saved except under fair use, as stipulated by copyright law: reproduction is not to be \"used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.\" If a user makes use of these digital files for purposes in excess of \"fair use,\" that user may be liable for copyright infringement."],"dcterms_medium":["clippings (information artifacts)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"tnmpl_smithnaacp_000231","title":"NAACP Report of Executive Secretary, May 8th thru June 6th, 1963","collection_id":"tnmpl_smithnaacp","collection_title":"Maxine A. Smith NAACP Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, Shelby County, Memphis, 35.14953, -90.04898"],"dcterms_creator":["Smith, Maxine Atkins"],"dc_date":["1963-06-07"],"dcterms_description":["For the time period indicated, this report from the Memphis branch of the NAACP details civil rights issues and progress in the following areas: voting, education, police brutality, housing, administration of justice, employment, and the desegregation of public facilities.","The University of Tennessee Libraries (Knoxville, Tennessee) is the digital publisher.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Maxine A. Smith NAACP Collection, Box 1, Folder 2, Memphis Public Library, Memphis, Tennessee"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Memphis Branch","Civil rights movements--Tennessee--Memphis","Civil rights--Tennessee--Memphis","African Americans--Tennessee--Memphis","African Americans--Civil rights--Tennessee--Memphis","Civil rights workers--Tennessee--Memphis","African American civil rights workers--Tennessee--Memphis","Memphis (Tenn.)--Race relations","Race relations","Social integration--Tennessee--Memphis","Segregation--Tennessee--Memphis","African Americans--Segregation--Tennessee--Memphis","Race discrimination--Tennessee--Memphis","Voting--Tennessee--Memphis","African Americans--Education--Tennessee--Memphis","Police brutality--Tennessee--Memphis","Housing--Tennessee--Memphis","Justice, Administration of--Tennessee--Memphis","Discrimination in employment--Tennessee--Memphis"],"dcterms_title":["NAACP Report of Executive Secretary, May 8th thru June 6th, 1963"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Memphis Public Library. Memphis and Shelby County Room"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.lib.utk.edu/collections/islandora/object/volvoices%3A6960"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["For current rights information, please visit: http://idserver.utk.edu/?id=200600000001200"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status."],"dcterms_medium":null,"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn36541","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Eugene \"Bull\" Connor addressing a White Citizens' Council rally and preparation for the University of Alabama integration in Holt, Alabama, and Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 1963 June 7","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Connor, Eugene, 1897-1973"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Tuscaloosa County, Holt, 33.23401, -87.48445","United States, Alabama, Tuscaloosa County, Tuscaloosa, 33.20984, -87.56917"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-06-07"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from June 7, 1963, Eugene \"Bull\" Connor addresses a Citizens' Council rally in Holt, Alabama; and in Tuscaloosa, Alabama officials prepare the University of Alabama campus for the scheduled June 11 integration.","The clip begins by showing the building housing the university's administrative headquarters (now known as Carmichael Hall), and then showing Clark Hall, the arts and sciences building, and tree-lined streets. Across the street from the Foster Auditorium a parking lot sign reads, \"Student parking only 7:30 am - 3:00 pm.\" The road passing by sorority houses near the football stadium is closed and blocked to traffic. A police car and a truck with an \"Alabama\" sign drive down other streets and white students walk around the campus. Next, Eugene \"Bull\" Connor, former commissioner of safety in Birmingham, speaks to a Citizen's Council rally in Holt, a town near the university's home in Tuscaloosa. Connor stresses the importance of keeping people of different races apart and asks his audience not to go to the University of Alabama campus for its scheduled integration. He repeats the request of Alabama governor George Wallace that citizens stay away from the campus and let the government officials handle the integration. Connor believes that United States President John F. Kennedy and attorney general Robert Kennedy would like to see trouble in the university's integration and declares, \"if we don't have any trouble we can beat them at their own game!\"","In 1956 after a three-year court battle, Autherine Lucy became the first African American to enroll at the University of Alabama. However, after three days of rioting, the university suspended her for her own protection; she was later expelled after her lawyers accused university officials of conspiring with the rioters. While campaigning for governor in 1962 George Wallace pledged to \"stand in the schoolhouse door\" if necessary to keep schools segregated. In 1963 federal courts ruled the university must admit African American students Vivian Malone and James Hood. State and university officials, aware of the negative impact of violence at the University of Mississippi's integration in October 1962 worked to prevent violence at the university's integration. While Wallace confirmed his intention to block the students' access to the university, he also asked Alabama citizens to stay away from the campus and to remain peaceful. On June 11 Wallace, maintaining that the conflict was one of state rights, blocked the admission of federal officials escorting the two students to registration; after receiving a presidential order presented by Alabama National Guard members, Wallace stepped aside and left the campus. Malone and Hood successfully registered for classes that afternoon. Two days later, another African American student, Dave M. McGlathery was admitted to the University of Alabama in Birmingham graduate school. Neither campus experienced violence or rioting with the integration.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn36541"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["College integration--Alabama--Tuscaloosa","White Citizens councils--Alabama","Police vehicles--Alabama--Tuscaloosa","School integration--Massive resistance movement--Alabama--Tuscaloosa","Segregation--Alabama--Tuscaloosa","Tuscaloosa (Ala.)--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Eugene \"Bull\" Connor addressing a White Citizens' Council rally and preparation for the University of Alabama integration in Holt, Alabama, and Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 1963 June 7"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn36541"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn36541"],"dcterms_temporal":["1963-06-07"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn36541, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Eugene \"Bull\" Connor addressing a White Citizens' Council rally and preparation for the University of Alabama integration in Holt, Alabama, and Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 1963 June 7, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0807, 7:03/09:10, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 2 mins., 7 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Connor, Eugene, 1897-1973","Kennedy, John F. 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