{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"ndd_holsaertfaith_r4sn01b14","title":"Letter to mother, May 25, [1963]","collection_id":"ndd_holsaertfaith","collection_title":"Faith Holsaert Papers 1950-2011","dcterms_contributor":["Holsaert, Faith"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, 32.75041, -89.75036"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1963-05-25"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":["fhpst03036","https://repository.duke.edu/iipsrv/iipsrv.fcgi?IIIF=/srv/perkins/repo_deriv/multires_image/4/0/3c/403c8352-096b-46cd-82a9-37a1ae9d656a/fhpst03036001.ptif/full/!350,350/0/default.jpg"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Faith Holsaert papers"],"dcterms_subject":["Feminism","Civil rights","Social justice","Women political activists","Women's rights","Voter registration--Georgia"],"dcterms_title":["Letter to mother, May 25, [1963]"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Duke University. Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://idn.duke.edu/ark:/87924/r4sn01b14"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Duke has not determined the copyright status of this item. Regardless of its status, we have made a good faith determination that online access through the Duke Digital Repository is an acceptable fair use and otherwise permitted under U.S. copyright law. For more information, see our page on copyright and citations: https://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/research/citations-and-permissions."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"tws_oid32_32823","title":"Memphis World, 1963 May 25th","collection_id":"tws_oid32","collection_title":"Memphis World","dcterms_contributor":["Beauchamp, J. A."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, Shelby County, Memphis, 35.14953, -90.04898"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1963-05-25"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":["MW_v31n48_1963-05-25"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Memphis World Collection"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights","Race","African Americans"],"dcterms_title":["Memphis World, 1963 May 25th"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Rhodes College"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://hdl.handle.net/10267/32823"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newspapers"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ffc_crlsa_p16000coll6-382","title":"St. Johns School Suit Set for July 1st","collection_id":"ffc_crlsa","collection_title":"Civil Rights Library of St. Augustine","dcterms_contributor":["Florida Star"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Florida, 28.75054, -82.5001"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1963-05-25"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Jacksonville, Fla. : Florida Star"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights--United States--Florida"],"dcterms_title":["St. Johns School Suit Set for July 1st"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Proctor Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://civilrights.flagler.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p16000coll6/id/382"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Flagler College is not the copyright owner for this item, nor can the College provide a copy of this item. Please contact the contributing organization to obtain a copy and permission to reproduce this item."],"dcterms_medium":["newspaper clippings"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"utkn_braden_000201","title":"Fayette County Workcamps Newsletter","collection_id":"utkn_braden","collection_title":"Carl and Anne Braden Papers","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, Fayette County, 35.19708, -89.41437","United States, Tennessee, Haywood County, 35.58322, -89.28384"],"dcterms_creator":["Hortenstine, Virgie"],"dc_date":["1963-05-23"],"dcterms_description":["Newsletter from May 23, 1963 reporting on Spring and late Summer workcamp activities in Fayette and Haywood counties in Tennesee for the Fayette County Workcamps Project. The newsletter also contains excerpts from letters, as well as news and concerns about the project.","The University of Tennessee Libraries (Knoxville, Tennessee) is the digital publisher.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Volunteer Voices (Project)"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights movements--Tennessee--Fayette County","Civil rights movements--Tennessee--Haywood County","Civil rights--Tennessee--Fayette County","Civil rights--Tennessee--Haywood County","African Americans--Tennessee--Fayette County","African Americans--Tennessee--Haywood County","African Americans--Civil rights--Tennessee--Fayette County","African Americans--Civil rights--Tennessee--Haywood County","Work camps--Tennessee--Fayette County","Work camps--Tennessee--Haywood County"],"dcterms_title":["Fayette County Workcamps Newsletter"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.lib.utk.edu/collections/islandora/object/volvoices%3A7236"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["For current rights information, please visit: http://idserver.utk.edu/?id=200600000001200"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newsletters"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33141","title":"GEORGE ROMNEY ADDRESSES NATIONAL PRESS CLUB ON PICTURE FOR 1964","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-05-23"],"dcterms_description":["Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Segregation","Politics and government","Legislation","Elections","National Press Club (U.S.)"],"dcterms_title":["GEORGE ROMNEY ADDRESSES NATIONAL PRESS CLUB ON PICTURE FOR 1964"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33141"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33141"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn33141, (No title), WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0738, 44:48/46:36, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Ga"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 2 min.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Romney, George W., 1907-1995"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ndd_holsaertfaith_r48g8fq1p","title":"Letter to mother and sister, May 23, 1963","collection_id":"ndd_holsaertfaith","collection_title":"Faith Holsaert Papers 1950-2011","dcterms_contributor":["Holsaert, Faith"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, 32.75041, -89.75036"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1963-05-23"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":["fhpst04011","https://repository.duke.edu/iipsrv/iipsrv.fcgi?IIIF=/srv/perkins/repo_deriv/multires_image/e/0/ab/e0ab01f8-7ee3-4af4-9a3f-8cadf2d80b1a/fhpst04011001.ptif/full/!350,350/0/default.jpg"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Faith Holsaert papers"],"dcterms_subject":["Feminism","Civil rights","Social justice","Women political activists","Women's rights","Voter registration--Georgia"],"dcterms_title":["Letter to mother and sister, May 23, 1963"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Duke University. Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://idn.duke.edu/ark:/87924/r48g8fq1p"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Duke has not determined the copyright status of this item. Regardless of its status, we have made a good faith determination that online access through the Duke Digital Repository is an acceptable fair use and otherwise permitted under U.S. copyright law. For more information, see our page on copyright and citations: https://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/research/citations-and-permissions."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn32757","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking to reporters following the court-ordered reinstatement of over one thousand students suspended from school for participating in civil rights demonstrations, Birmingham, Alabama, 1963 May 23","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-05-23"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from Birmingham, Alabama on May 23, 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaks to reporters following the federal court order reinstating 1100 students suspended from Birmingham schools for civil rights demonstrations.","King asserts that the Birmingham Board of Education's act of suspending or expelling students arrested in civil rights demonstrations is \"an undemocratic and unconstitutional act.\" He cites that the decision by federal judge Elbert P. Tuttle of the fifth circuit court of appeals to readmit the students as a confirmation of the \"justice and morality of this movement.\"","While the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR) led civil rights efforts in Birmingham for several years, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) began assisting with concentrated actions against segregation on April 3, 1963. During the first weeks of May, over one thousand student demonstrators, some as young as six-years-old, participated in mass marches labeled the Children's Crusade and were arrested. On May 20 the Birmingham Board of Education ordered that arrested students sixteen-years-old and under be suspended from school and those over sixteen be expelled. Civil rights lawyers appealed the decision and judge Tuttle's federal restraining order on May 22 ordered the school board to readmit the students.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn32757"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American students--Alabama--Birmingham","Students--Alabama--Birmingham","African American civil rights workers--Alabama--Birmingham","Civil rights workers--Alabama--Birmingham","Student suspension--Alabama--Birmingham","Restraining orders--Alabama--Birmingham","Project C, Birmingham, Ala., 1963"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking to reporters following the court-ordered reinstatement of over one thousand students suspended from school for participating in civil rights demonstrations, Birmingham, Alabama, 1963 May 23"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn32757"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn32757"],"dcterms_temporal":["1963-05-23"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn32757, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking to reporters following the court-ordered reinstatement of over one thousand students suspended from school for participating in civil rights demonstrations, Birmingham, Alabama, 1963 May 23, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0729, 4:35/05:35, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 mins.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33144","title":"JOHN KENNEDY ON SENDING TROOPS INTO ALABAMA TO INSURE DESEGREGATION NON-VIOLENCE","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-05-22"],"dcterms_description":["Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Segregation","Armed Forces","African Americans","Presidents","Alabama"],"dcterms_title":["JOHN KENNEDY ON SENDING TROOPS INTO ALABAMA TO INSURE DESEGREGATION NON-VIOLENCE"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33144"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33144"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn33144, (No title), WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0738, 50:47/52:18, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Ga"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 2 min.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn36553","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Senators Thomas J. Dodd and John Sherman Cooper supporting federal legislation guaranteeing rights for African Americans in Washington, D.C., 1963 May 22","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Dodd, Thomas J. (Thomas Joseph), 1907-1971","Cooper, John Sherman, 1901-1991"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249","United States, District of Columbia, Washington, 38.89511, -77.03637"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-05-22"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from May 22, 1963, Senators Thomas J. Dodd, a Democrat from Connecticut, and John Sherman Cooper, a Republican from Kentucky, support federal legislation guaranteeing the rights of African American citizens.  The clip begins with what looks like an impromptu press conference, with reporters sitting at a table with Senators Dodd and Cooper.  Senator Dodd addresses the reporters, explaining that the current civil rights situation is a \"no-man's land.\"  He recognizes that the federal government will \"prevent rioting and disorder\" in Birmingham, but believes the government's responsibility is greater than that.  He explains that he and Senator Cooper are proposing legislation to \"see that the rights guaranteed to our citizens under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendment are provided and that those who interfere with them are brought to book.\"  On May 23, the day after the press conference, Senator Dodd and Senator Cooper introduced two bills to Congress: one proposing to grant the government more authority to protect citizens, and the other to increase the pace of school desegregation and to enforce the Supreme Court's 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education ruling.  In 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed The Civil Rights Act, legislation that abolished Southern \"Jim Crow\" laws, and outlawed  discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn36553"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Legislators--United States","African Americans--Civil rights","Bills, Legislative--United States","Civil rights--United States","Race relations","Segregation--United States","Nonviolence--United States","Race riots--United States","Federal-city relations--United States","United States--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Senators Thomas J. Dodd and John Sherman Cooper supporting federal legislation guaranteeing rights for African Americans in Washington, D.C., 1963 May 22"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn36553"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn36553"],"dcterms_temporal":["1963-05-22"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn36553, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Senators Thomas J. Dodd and John Sherman Cooper supporting federal legislation guaranteeing rights for African Americans in Washington, D.C., 1963 May 22, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0807, 28:43/29:47, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 mins., 4 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Dodd, Thomas J. (Thomas Joseph), 1907-1971","Cooper, John Sherman, 1901-1991"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"usm_hmp_mus-m345-0007","title":"Constitution of the Mississippi Council on Human Relations; May 20, 1963","collection_id":"usm_hmp","collection_title":"Historical Manuscripts and Photographs","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, 32.75041, -89.75036"],"dcterms_creator":["Mississippi Council on Human Relations"],"dc_date":["1963-05-20"],"dcterms_description":["From the Adams (Victoria Gray) Papers. \u0026lt;br\u0026gt;Booklet prepared by the Mississippi Council on Human Relations outlining the organization's purpose and protocols for meetings, membership, and governance.","Electronic version made available through a National Leadership Grant for Libraries from the Institute for Museum and Library Services.","This item is part of the Civil Rights in Mississippi Digital Archive."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["M345 Adams (Victoria Gray) Papers","Box 2, Folder 18"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights","Mississippi Council on Human Relations","Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Constitution of the Mississippi Council on Human Relations; May 20, 1963","Mississippi Council on Human Relations Constitution"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Southern Mississippi. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://usm.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_c88943bf-bb2f-4d76-8d28-e13f2ec6ce0c"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["University Libraries provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. When possible, we have provided information regarding the copyright right status of an item; however, the information we have may not be accurate or complete. Obtaining permissions to publish or otherwise use is the sole responsibility of the user."],"dcterms_medium":["documents (object genre)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mum_jws-race_2426","title":"J.R.C. to Jim, 20 May 1963","collection_id":"mum_jws-race","collection_title":"James W. Silver Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, Lafayette County, Oxford, 34.3665, -89.51925"],"dcterms_creator":["Cofield, J.R."],"dc_date":["1963-05-20"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Silver, James W. (James Wesley), 1907-1988","James W. Silver Collection, Archives and Special Collections, University of Mississippi Libraries"],"dcterms_subject":null,"dcterms_title":["J.R.C. to Jim, 20 May 1963"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["John Davis Williams Library. Department of Archives and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://clio.lib.olemiss.edu/cdm/ref/collection/JWS_race/id/2426"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright of materials in the James W. Silver Collection remains with the creator or original publication. These items may not be reproduced, re-posted or saved except under fair use, as stipulated by copyright law: reproduction is not to be \"used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.\" If a user makes use of these digital files for purposes in excess of \"fair use\" that user may be liable for copyright infringement."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Silver, James W. (James Wesley), 1907-1988"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45232","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of civil rights workers protesting segregation at Leb's Restaurant and S \u0026 W Cafeteria in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 May 20","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-05-20"],"dcterms_description":["In this silent WSB newsfilm clip from May 20, 1963, white and African American students demonstrate against segregation at Leb's Restaurant and later S \u0026 W Cafeteria in Atlanta, Georgia. The clip is divided into two segments. The first segment, which is about 3 minutes long, begins with African American students and a white man pushing against each other in front of Leb's Restaurant as they are watched by a white audience standing in front of a service building across the street. An agitated, white Atlanta police officer and Charles Leb, the restaurant's owner, speak to the demonstrating students. The camera focuses on a broken window held together with tape and a cigarette burn in fabric. Scenes of the white audience across the street are interspersed with those of the demonstrators standing in front of the restaurant's door. A white student speaks to someone inside the restaurant before standing in front of the door with an interracial group of students who were pushed out of the building. At one point a black student is knocked over as the open door pushes him back. A policeman approaches the door and goes inside the restaurant. The clip ends showing the Leb's Restaurant sign and a man leading the demonstrators across the street.","The second clip segment, which is about one minute long, begins with a two young men, one white and the other African American, standing in the doorway of Leb's. A white young woman stands behind the men. Cameramen taking pictures and film of the demonstrators are seen in the background. The students try to speak to someone through an open door and are pushed out when they try to enter the restaurant. One of the white men keeping them out appears to punch a demonstrator. Leb and the white man beside him shove the demonstrators when they try to push their way inside. One of the demonstrators, an African American young man, is knocked to the ground and covers his head with his arms to protect it. Next, the interracial group walks down the sidewalk; a white young man and an African American young woman walk beside each other. The group approaches the S \u0026 W Cafeteria and are again shoved away when the try to enter through the glass door. Later a man is seen through the window taping a crack in the lower half of the glass door. Finally the demonstrators walk away together.","On March 9, 1960 students at the Atlanta University Center issued \"An Appeal for Human Rights\" citing segregation and discrimination in seven areas of the city; student-led sit-ins and other demonstrations began later that week. The Committee on Appeal for Human Rights (COAHR), organized by students that March, and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), a national organization created in May of that year, led a significant number of the Atlanta demonstrations. Negotiations ended sit-ins in March 1961 on the condition that lunch counters integrate shortly after Atlanta schools desegregated in September. A second phase of the direct-action movement began in the spring of 1963 when students again began protesting segregated hotels and eating facilities. On May 20 students protested for over four hours at Leb's restaurant where an African American demonstrator claimed an employee threw him to the ground; court officials refused to issue a warrant against the employee for assault and battery because a policeman standing nearby had watched the exchange and had not agreed to file charges. Although the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce Board of Directors unanimously requested on May 30 that all businesses serving the public desegregate their facilities, most merchants ignored the request. On June 20, 1963 fifty restaurant owners reached an unofficial agreement with African American leaders for complete desegregation of facilities although most of the restaurants resegregated by the end of the year. 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