{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"eoa_eoaa_h-1644","title":"Arthur Davis Shores","collection_id":"eoa_eoaa","collection_title":"Encyclopedia of Alabama","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249","United States, Alabama, Tuscaloosa County, Tuscaloosa, 33.20984, -87.56917"],"dcterms_creator":["Woodham, Rebecca"],"dc_date":["2008-08-16"],"dcterms_description":["Encyclopedia article about African American attorney Arthur Davis Shores who worked for racial equality, despite threats and violence. Shores was one of the first and most successful black attorneys in Alabama, whose career defending civil rights began in the 1930s and continued until his death in 1996. His most notable case was representing Autherine Lucy, a black woman whose admission to the University of Alabama in 1955 was fought by the white establishment.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of the Encyclopedia of Alabama."],"dc_right":null,"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American lawyers--Alabama--Birmingham","Lawyers--Alabama--Birmingham","African American civil rights workers--Alabama--Birmingham","Civil rights workers--Alabama--Birmingham","Segregation in education--Alabama","College integration--Alabama--Tuscaloosa","University of Alabama","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Civil rights movements--Alabama","City council members--Alabama--Birmingham"],"dcterms_title":["Arthur Davis Shores"],"dcterms_type":null,"dcterms_provenance":["Encyclopedia of Alabama (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1644"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["All rights reserved. By downloading, printing, or otherwise using text, image, logo, audio and video files from this Web site, users agree that they will limit their use of such files for purposes permitted under the fair use doctrine and will not violate EOA's or any other party's proprietary rights. Fair use of copyrighted material includes the use of protected materials for noncommercial educational purposes. EOA content used for such purposes does not require express permission from EOA or the Alabama Humanities Foundation, which holds the copyrights for EOA content. All other uses require written permission from the Alabama Humanities Foundation.  Permission requests may be submitted by email to: editor@encyclopediaofalabama.org or by mail to: Encyclopedia of Alabama, Attn.: Permissions, R.B. 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Clemon also served as chief judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, and before that distinguished himself as a student, a civil rights activist, a lawyer, a state senator, and a civic and church leader.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of the Encyclopedia of Alabama."],"dc_right":null,"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American judges--Alabama","Judges--United States","United States. District Court (Alabama : Northern District)--Officials and employees","Civil rights workers--Alabama","African American civil rights workers--Alabama","African American lawyers--Alabama","Lawyers--Alabama","Legislators--Alabama","African American legislators--Alabama","Civic leaders--Alabama","African American civic leaders--Alabama","Segregation in education--Alabama","NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund"],"dcterms_title":["U. W. Clemon"],"dcterms_type":null,"dcterms_provenance":["Encyclopedia of Alabama (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1633"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["All rights reserved. By downloading, printing, or otherwise using text, image, logo, audio and video files from this Web site, users agree that they will limit their use of such files for purposes permitted under the fair use doctrine and will not violate EOA's or any other party's proprietary rights. Fair use of copyrighted material includes the use of protected materials for noncommercial educational purposes. EOA content used for such purposes does not require express permission from EOA or the Alabama Humanities Foundation, which holds the copyrights for EOA content. All other uses require written permission from the Alabama Humanities Foundation.  Permission requests may be submitted by email to: editor@encyclopediaofalabama.org or by mail to: Encyclopedia of Alabama, Attn.: Permissions, R.B. Draughon Library, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status."],"dcterms_medium":["articles","interactive resource"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Clemon, U. W., 1943-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"tws_oid16_33671","title":"Willie W. 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Herenton, 2008"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Rhodes College"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://hdl.handle.net/10267/33671"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"bcas_bcmss0837_131","title":"Arkansas Department of Education's (ADE's) Project Management Tool","collection_id":"bcas_bcmss0837","collection_title":"Office of Desegregation Management","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118"],"dcterms_creator":["Arkansas. Department of Education"],"dc_date":["2008-08"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Butler Center for Arkansas Studies. Central Arkansas Library System."],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Office of Desegregation Monitoring records (BC.MSS.08.37)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Education--Arkansas","Little Rock (Ark.). Office of Desegregation Monitoring","School integration--Arkansas","Arkansas. Department of Education","Project managers--Implements"],"dcterms_title":["Arkansas Department of Education's (ADE's) Project Management Tool"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/bcmss0837/id/131"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["project management"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n  \n\n\n   \n\n   \n\n\n   \n\n\n   \n\n\n\n\n   \n\n\n\n\n   \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n   \n\n   \n\n \n\n\n   \n\n   \n\n  \n\n\n   \n\n  \n\n \n\n\n   \n\n  \n\n \n\n\n   \n\n  \n\n  \n\nAugust 29, 2008 Mr. Christopher Heller Friday, Eldredge \u0026amp; Clark 400 West Capitol, Suite 2000 Little ~ock, AR 72201-3493 Mr. John W. Walker John Walker, P.A. 1723 Broadway Little Rock, AR 72206 Mr. Mark Burnette Mitchell, Blackstock, Barnes, Wagoner, Ivers \u0026amp; Sneddon P. 0 . Box 1510 Little Rock, AR 72203-1510 RECEIVED SEP 2 2008 OFFICE OF DESEGREGATION MONITORING Office of Desegregation Monitoring One Union National Plaza 124 West Capitol, Suite 1895 Little Rock, AR 72201 Mr. Stephen W. Jones Jack, Lyon \u0026amp; Jones 425 West Capitol, Suite 3400 Little Rock, AR 72201 Mr. M. Samuel Jones III Mitchell, Williams, Selig, Gates \u0026amp; Woodyard 425 West Capitol Avenue, Suite 1800 Little Rock, AR 72201 RE: Little Rock School District v. Pulaski County Special School District, et al. U S. District Court No. 4:82-CV-866 WRW Dear Gentlemen: By way of this letter, I am advising you that I am filing the Arkansas Department of Education's Project Management Tool for the month of August, 2008 in the abovereferenced case. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me at your convenience. Sincerely, Scott P. Richardson Assistant Attorney General UNITED ST ATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF ARKANSAS WESTERN DIVISION LITTLE ROCK SCHOOL DISTRICT PLAINTIFF V. No. LR-C-82-866 WR W PULASKI COUNTY SPECIAL SCHOOL DISTRICT NO. 1, et al DEFENDANTS NOTICE OF FILING In accordance with the Court's Order of December 10, 1993, the Arkansas Department of Education hereby gives notice of the filing of the ADE's Project Management Tool for August, 2008. BY: Respectfully Submitted, DUSTIN McDANIEL Attorney General SCOTT P. RICHARDSON, Bar. No. 01208 MATTHEW B. McCOY, Bar No. 01165 Assistant Attorney General 323 Center Street, Suite 1100 Little Rock, AR 72201-2610 (501) 682-1019 direct (501) 682-2591 facsimile Email: scott.richardson@arkansas.gov ATTORNEYS FOR STATE OF ARKANSAS AND ARKANSAS DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I, Scott P. Richardson, certify that on August 29, 2008, I caused the foregoing document to be served by depositing a copy in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to each of the following: Mr. Christopher Heller Friday, Eldredge \u0026amp; Clark 400 West Capitol, Suite 2000 Little Rock, AR 72201-3493 Mr. John W. Walker John Walker, P.A. 1723 Broadway Little Rock, AR 72206 Mr. Mark Burnette Mitchell, Blackstock, Barnes Wagoner, Ivers \u0026amp; Sneddon P. 0. Box 1510 Little Rock, AR 72203-1510 Office of Desegregation Monitoring One Union National Plaza 124 West Capitol, Suite 1895 Little Rock, AR 72201 Mr. Stephen W. Jones Jack, Lyon \u0026amp; Jones 425 West Capitol, Suite 3400 Little Rock, AR 72201 Mr. M. Samuel Jones, III Mitchell, Williams, Selig, Gates \u0026amp; Woodyard 425 West Capitol, Suite 1800 Little Rock, AR 72201 Scott P. Richardson IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF ARKANSAS WESTERN DIVISION LITTLE ROCK SCHOOL DISTRICT, ET AL PLAINTIFFS V. NO. LR-C-82-866 WRW PULASKI COUNTY SPECIAL SCHOOL DISTRICT, ET AL DEFENDANTS MRS. LORENE JOSHUA, ET AL INTERVENORS KATHERINE W. KNIGHT, ET AL INTERVENORS ADE'S PROJECT MANAGEMENT TOOL In compliance with the Court's Order of December 10, 1993, the Arkansas Department of Education (ADE) submits the following Project Management Tool to the parties and the Court. This document describes the progress the ADE has made since March 15, 1994, in complying with provisions of the Implementation Plan and itemizes the AD E's progress against timelines presented in the Plan. - IMPLEMENTATION PHASE ACTIVITY I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS A. Use the previous year's three quarter average daily membership to calculate MFPA (State Equalization) for the current school year. 1. Projected Ending Date Last day of each month, August - June. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Based on the information available at June 30, 2008, the ADE calculated the State Foundation Funding for FY 07/08, subject to periodic adjustments. B. Include all Magnet students in the resident District's average daily membership for calculation. 1. Projected Ending Date Last day of each month, August - June. I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) B. Include all Magnet students in the resident District's average daily membership for calculation. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 Based on the information available at June 30, 2008, the ADE calculated for FY 07/08, subject to periodic adjustments. C. Process and distribute State MFPA. 1. Projected Ending Date Last day of each month, August - June. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 On June 30, 2008, distributions of State Foundation Funding for FY 07/08 were as follows: LRSD - $66,362,537 NLRSD - $35,682,179 PCSSD - $52,679,787 The allotments of State Foundation Funding calculated for FY 07/08 at June 30, 2008, subject to periodic adjustments, were as follows: LRSD - $66,362,537 NLRSD - $35,682,179 PCSSD - $52,679,787 D. Determine the number of Magnet students residing in each District and attending a Magnet School. 1. Projected Ending Date Last day of each month, August - June. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Based on the information available, the ADE calculated at June 30, 2008 for FY 07/08, subject to periodic adjustments. E. Desegregation Staff Attorney reports the Magnet Operational Charge to the Fiscal Services Office. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing, as ordered by the Court. 2 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) E. Desegregation Staff Attorney reports the Magnet Operational Charge to the Fiscal Services Office. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Based on the information available, the ADE calculated at June 30, 2008 for FY 07/08, subject to periodic adjustments. It should be noted that currently the Magnet Review Committee is reporting this information instead of the staff attorney as indicated in the Implementation Plan. F. Calculate state aid due the LRSD based upon the Magnet Operational Charge. 1. Projected Ending Date Last day of each month, August - June. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Based on the information available, the ADE calculated at June 30, 2008 for FY 07/08, subject to periodic adjustments. G. Process and distribute state aid for Magnet Operational Charge. 1. Projected Ending Date Last day of each month, August - June. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Distributions for FY 07/08 at June 30, 2008, totaled $15,060,591 . Allotment calculated for FY 07/08 was $15,060,591 subject to periodic adjustments. H. Calculate the amount of M-to-M incentive money to which each school district is entitled. 1. Projected Ending Date Last day of each month, August - June. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Based on the information available, the ADE calculated at June 30, 2008 for FY 07/08, subject to periodic adjustments. 3 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) I. Process and distribute M-to-M incentive checks. 1. Projected Ending Date Last day of each month, September - June. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Distributions for FY 07/08 at June 30, 2008, were: LRSD - $4,362,899 NLRSD - $3,992,864 PCSSD - $9,275,397 The allotments calculated for FY 07/08 at June 30, 2008, subject to periodic adjustments, were: LRSD - $4,362,899 NLRSD - $3,992,864 PCSSD - $9,275,397 J. Districts submit an estimated Magnet and M-to-M transportation budget to ADE. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing, December of each year. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 In September 2007, the Magnet and M-to-M transportation budgets for FY 07/08 were submitted to the ADE by the Districts. K. The Coordinator of School Transportation notifies General Finance to pay districts for the Districts' proposed budget. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing, annually. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 In September 2007, General Finance was notified to pay the third one-third payment for FY 06/07 to the Districts. In September 2007, General Finance was notified to pay the first one-third payment for FY 07/08 to the Districts. In April 2008, General Finance was notified to pay the second one-third payment for FY 07/08 to the Districts. It should be noted that the Transportation Coordinator is currently performing this function instead of Reginald Wilson as indicated in the Implementation Plan. 4 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) L. ADE pays districts three equal installments of their proposed budget. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing, annually. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 In September 2007, General Finance made the last one-third payment to the Districts for their FY 06/07 transportation budget. The budget is now paid out in three equal installments. At September 30, 2007, the following had been paid for FY 06/07: LRSD - $4,196,708.00 NLRSD - $1,151,109.91 PCSSD - $3,150,578.23 In September 2007, General Finance made the first one-third payment to the Districts for their FY 07 /08 transportation budget. The budget is now paid out in three equal installments. At September 30, 2007, the following had been paid for FY 07/08: LRSD - $1 ,401 ,1 96.67 NLRSD - $409,916.55 PCSSD-$1,127,984.50 In April 2008, General Finance made the second one-third payment to the Districts for their FY 07/08 transportation budget. The budget is now paid out in three equal installments. At April 30, 2008, the following had been paid for FY 07/08: LRSD - $2,802,393.34 NLRSD - $819,833.10 PCSSD - $2,255,969.00 M. ADE verifies actual expenditures submitted by Districts and reviews each bill with each District's transportation coordinator. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing, annually. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 5 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) M. ADE verifies actual expenditures submitted by Districts and reviews each bill with each District's transportation coordinator. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In August 1997, the ADE transportation coordinator reviewed each district's Magnet and M-to-M transportation costs for FY 96/97. In July 1998, each district was asked to submit an estimated budget for the 98/99 school year. In September 1998, paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 98/99 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program . School districts should receive payment by October 1, 1998 In September 1999, paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 99/00 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program. In September 2000, paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 00/01 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program. In September 2001 , paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 01/02 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program. In September 2002, paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 02/03 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program. In September 2003, paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 03/04 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program. In September 2004, paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 04/05 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program . In October 2005, paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 05/06 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program. In September 2006, paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 06/07 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program. In September 2007, paperwork was generated for the first payment in the 07/08 school year for the Magnet and M-to-M transportation program. N. Purchase buses for the Districts to replace existing Magnet and M-to-M fleets and to provide a larger fleet for the Districts' Magnet and M-to-M Transportation needs. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing, as stated in Exhibit A of the Implementation Plan. 6 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) N. Purchase buses for the Districts to replace existing Magnet and M-to-M fleets and to provide a larger fleet for the Districts' Magnet and M-to-M Transportation needs. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In FY 94/95, the State purchased 52 buses at a cost of $1 ,799,431 which were added to or replaced existing Magnet and M-to-M buses in the Districts. The buses were distributed to the Districts as follows: LRSD - 32\nNLRSD - 6\nand PCSSD - 14. The ADE purchased 64 Magnet and M-to-M buses at a cost of $2,334,800 in FY 95/96. The buses were distributed accordingly: LRSD - 45\nNLRSD - 7\nand PCSSD - 12. In May 1997, the ADE purchased 16 Magnet and M-to-M buses at a cost of $646,400. In July 1997, the ADE purchased 16 Magnet and M-to-M buses at a cost of $624,879. In July 1998, the ADE purchased 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses at a cost of $695,235. The buses were distributed accordingly: LRSD - 8\nNLRSD - 2\nand PCSSD - 6. Specifications for 16 school buses have been forwarded to state purchasing for bidding in January, 1999 for delivery in July, 1999. In July 1999, the ADE purchased 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses at a cost of $718,355. The buses were distributed accordingly: LRSD - 8\nNLRSD - 2\nand PCSSD- 6. In July 2000, the ADE purchased 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses at a cost of $724,165. The buses were distributed accordingly: LRSD - 8\nNLRSD - 2\nand PCSSD- 6. The bid for 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses was let by State Purchasing on February 22, 2001. The contract was awarded to Ward Transportation Services, Inc. The buses to be purchased include two 47 passenger buses for $43,426.00 each and fourteen 65 passenger buses for $44,289.00 each. The buses will be distributed accordingly: LRSD - 8 of the 65 passenger\nNLRSD - 2 of the 65 passenger\nPCSSD - 2 of the 47 passenger and 4 of the 65 passenger buses. On August 2, 2001 , the ADE took possession of 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses. The total amount paid was $706,898. 7 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) N. Purchase buses for the Districts to replace existing Magnet and M-to-M fleets and to provide a larger fleet for the Districts' Magnet and M-to-M Transportation needs. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In June 2002, a bid for 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses was awarded to Ward Transportation Services, Inc. The buses to be purchased include five 47 passenger buses for $42,155.00 each, ten 65 passenger buses for $43,850.00 each, and one 47 passenger bus with a wheelchair lift for $46,952.00. The total amount was $696,227. In August of 2002, the ADE purchased 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses. The total amount paid was $696,227. In June 2003, a bid for 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses was awarded to Ward Transportation Services, Inc. The buses to be purchased include 5 - 47 passenger buses for $47,052.00 each, and 11 - 65 passenger buses for $48,895.00 each. The total amount was $773,105. The buses will be distributed accordingly: LRSD - 8 of the 65 passenger\nNLRSD - 2 of the 65 passenger\nPCSSD - 5 of the 47 passenger and 1 of the 65 passenger buses. In June 2004, a bid for 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses was awarded to Ward Transportation Services, Inc. The price for the buses was $49,380 each for a total cost of $790,080. The buses will be distributed accordingly: LRSD - 8, NLRSD - 2, and PCSSD - 6. In June 2005, a bid for 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses was awarded to Ward Transportation Services, Inc. The buses for the LRSD include 8 - 65 passenger buses for $53,150.00 each. The buses for the NLRSD include 1 - 47 passenger bus for $52,135.00, and 1 - 65 passenger bus for $53,150.00. The buses for the PCSSD include 6 - 65 passenger buses for $53,150.00 each. The total amount was $849,385.00. In March 2006, a bid for 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses was awarded to Central States Bus Sales. The buses for the LRSD include 8 - 65 passenger buses for $56,810.00 each. The buses for the NLRSD include 1 - 47 passenger bus for $54,990.00, and 1 - 65 passenger bus for $56,810.00. The buses for the PCSSD include 6 - 65 passenger buses for $56,810.00 each. The total amount was $907,140.00. In March 2007, a bid for 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses was awarded to Central States Bus Sales. The buses for the LRSD include 4 - 47 passenger buses for $63,465.00 each, and 4 - 65 passenger buses for $66,390.00 each. The buses for the NLRSD include 2 - 47 passenger buses for $63,465.00 each. The buses for the PCSSD include 1 - 65 passenger bus with a lift for $72,440.00 and 5 - 47 passenger buses for $63,465.00 each. The total amount was $1 ,036,115.00. 8 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) N. Purchase buses for the Districts to replace existing Magnet and M-to-M fleets and to provide a larger fleet for the Districts' Magnet and M-to-M Transportation needs. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In July 2007, 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses were delivered to the districts in Pulaski County. Finance paid Central States Bus Sales $1 ,036,115. In March 2008, a bid for 16 new Magnet and M-to-M buses was awarded to Central States Bus Sales. The buses for the LRSD include 8 - 65 passenger buses for $66,405.00 each. The buses for the NLRSD include 1 - 65 passenger bus with a wheelchair lift for $72,850.00 and 1 - 47 passenger bus with a wheelchair lift for $70,620.00. The buses for the PCSSD include 2 - 65 passenger buses for $66,405.00 each, 2 - 47 passenger buses for $65,470.00 each and 2 - 47 passenger buses with wheelchair lifts for $70,620.00 each. The total amount was $1 ,079,700.00. 0. Process and distribute compensatory education payments to LRSD as required by page 23 of the Settlement Agreement. 1 . Projected Ending Date July 1 and January 1, of each school year through January 1, 1999. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Obligation fulfilled in FY 96/97. P. Process and distribute additional payments in lieu of formula to LRSD as required by page 24 of the Settlement Agreement. 1. Projected Ending Date Payment due date and ending July 1, 1995. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Obligation fulfilled in FY 95/96. Q. Process and distribute payments to PCSSD as required by Page 28 of the Settlement Agreement. 1. Projected Ending Date Payment due date and ending July 1, 1994. 9 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) Q . Process and distribute payments to PCSSD as required by Page 28 of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) Final payment was distributed July 1994. R. Upon loan request by LRSD accompanied by a promissory note, the ADE makes loans to LRSD. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing through July 1, 1999. See Settlement Agreement page 24. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 The LRSD received $3,000,000 on September 10, 1998. As of this reporting date, the LRSD has received $20,000,000 in loan proceeds. S. Process and distribute payments in lieu of formula to PCSSD required by page 29 of the Settlement Agreement. 1. 2. Projected Ending Date Payment due date and ending July 1, 1995. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Obligation fulfilled in FY 95/96. T. Process and distribute compensatory education payments to NLRSD as required by page 31 of the Settlement Agreement. 1. Projected Ending Date July 1 of each school year through June 30, 1996. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Obligation fulfilled in FY 95/96. U. Process and distribute check to Magnet Review Committee. 1. Projected Ending Date Payment due date and ending July 1, 1995. 10 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) U. Process and distribute check to Magnet Review Committee. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) Distribution in July 1997 for FY 97 /98 was $75,000. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 97/98. Distribution in July 1998 for FY 98/99 was $75,000. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 98/99. Distribution in July 1999 for FY 99\n00 was $92,500. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 99/00. Distribution in July 2000 for FY 00/01 was $92,500. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 00/01 . Distribution in August 2001 for FY 01/02 was $92,500. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 01/02. Distribution in July 2002 for FY 02/03 was $92,500. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 02/03. Distribution in July 2003 for FY 03/04 was $92,500. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 03/04. Distribution in July 2004 for FY 04/05 was $92,500. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 04/05. Distribution in July 2005 for FY 05/06 was $92,500. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 05/06. Distribution in July 2006 for FY 06/07 was $92,500. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 06/07. Distribution in July 2007 for FY 07 /08 was $92,500. This was the total amount due to the Magnet Review Committee for FY 07/08. Distribution in July 20_Q8 for FY 08/09 was $92,500. This was the total amount due fo the Magnet Review Committee for FY 08/09. V. Process and distribute payments for Office of Desegregation Monitoring. 1. Projected Ending Date Not applicable. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 11 I. FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS (Continued) V. Process and distribute payments for Office of Desegregation Monitoring. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) Distribution in July 1997 for FY 97 /98 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 97/98. Distribution in July 1998 for FY 98/99 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 98/99. Distribution in July 1999 for FY 99/00 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 99/00. Distribution in July 2000 for FY 00/01 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 00/01. Distribution in August 2001 for FY 01/02 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 01/02. Distribution in July 2002 for FY 02/03 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 02/03. Distribution in July 2003 for FY 03/04 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 03/04. Distribution in July 2004 for FY 04/05 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 04/05. Distribution in July 2005 for FY 05/06 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 05/06. Distribution in July 2006 for FY 06/07 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 06/07. Distribution in July 2007 for FY 07/08 was $200,000. This was the total amount due to the ODM for FY 07/08. i\n\u0026gt;istri ution in July 2008 for FY 08/09 was $200,000. This was the total amount ue to tne ODM for FY 08/09. 12 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. 1. Projected Ending Date January 15, 1995 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 In May 1995, monitors completed the unannounced visits of schools in Pulaski County. The monitoring process involved a qualitative process of document reviews, interviews, and observations. The monitoring focused on progress made since the announced monitoring visits. In June 1995, monitoring data from unannounced visits was included in the July Semiannual Report. Twenty-five per cent of all classrooms were visited, and all of the schools in Pulaski County were monitored. All principals were interviewed to determine any additional progress since the announced visits. The July 1995 Monitoring Report was reviewed by the ADE administrative team, the Arkansas State Board of Education, and the Districts and filed with the Court. The report was formatted in accordance with the Allen Letter. In October 1995, a common terminology was developed by principals from the Districts and the Lead Planning and Desegregation staff to facilitate the monitoring process. The announced monitoring visits began on November 14, 1995 and were completed on January 26, 1996. Copies of the preliminary Semiannual Monitoring Report and its executive summary were provided to the ADE administrative team and the State Board of Education in January 1996. A report on the current status of the Cycle 5 schools in the ECOE process and their school improvement plans was filed with the Court on February 1, 1996. The unannounced monitoring visits began in February 1996 and ended on May 10, 1996. In June 1996, all announced and unannounced monitoring visits were completed, and the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Districts provided data on enrollment in compensatory education programs. The Districts and the ADE Desegregation Monitoring staff developed a definition for instructional programs. 13 11. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) The Semiannual Monitoring Report was completed and filed with the Court on July 15, 1996 with copies distributed to the parties. Announced monitoring visits of the Cycle 1 schools began on October 28, 1996 and concluded in December 1996. In January 1997, presentations were made to the State Board of Education , the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee, and the parties to review the draft Semiannual Monitoring Report. The monitoring instrument and process were evaluated for their usefulness in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on achievement disparities. In February 1997, the Semiannual Monitoring Report was filed. Unannounced monitoring visits began on February 3, 1997 .and concluded in May 1997. In March 1997, letters were sent to the Districts regarding data requirements for the July 1997 Semiannual Monitoring Report and the additional discipline data element that was requested by the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee. Desegregation data collection workshops were conducted in the Districts from March 28, 1997 to April 7, 1997. A meeting was conducted on April 3, 1997 to finalize plans for the July 15, 1997 Semiannual Monitoring Report. Onsite visits were made to Cycle 1 schools who did not submit accurate and timely data on discipline, M-to-M transfers, and policy. The July 15, 1997 Semiannual Monitoring Report and its executive summary were finalized in June 1997. In July 1997, the Semiannual Monitoring Report and its executive summary were filed with the court, and the ADE sponsored a School Improvement Conference. On July 10, 1997, copies of the Semiannual Monitoring Report and its executive summary were made available to the Districts for their review prior to filing it with the Court. In August 1997, procedures and schedules were organized for the monitoring of the Cycle 2 schools in FY 97/98. 14 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) A Desegregation Monitoring and School Improvement Workshop for the Districts was held on September 10, 1997 to discuss monitoring expectations, instruments, data collection and school improvement visits. On October 9, 1997, a planning meeting was held with the desegregation monitoring staff to discuss deadlines, responsibilities, and strategic planning issues regarding the Semiannual Monitoring Report. Reminder letters were sent to the Cycle 2 principals outlining the data collection deadlines and availability of technical assistance. In October and November 1997, technical assistance visits were conducted, and announced monitoring visits of the Cycle 2 schools were completed. In December 1997 and January 1998, technical assistance visits were conducted regarding team visits, technical review recommendations, and consensus building. Copies of the infusion document and perceptual surveys were provided to schools in the ECOE process. The February 1998 Semiannual Monitoring Report was submitted for review and approval to the State Board of Education, the Director, the Administrative Team, the Attorney General's Office, and the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee. Unannounced monitoring visits began in February 1998, and technical assistance was provided on the school improvement process, external team visits and finalizing school improvement plans. On February 18, 1998, the representatives of all parties met to discuss possible revisions to the ADE's monitoring plan and monitoring reports. Additional meetings will be scheduled. Unannounced monitoring visits were conducted in March 1998, and technical assistance was provided on the school improvement process and external team visits. In April 1998, unannounced monitoring visits were conducted, and technical assistance was provided on the school improvement process. 15 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In May 1998, unannounced monitoring visits were completed, and technical assistance was provided on the school improvement process. On May 18, 1998, the Court granted the ADE relief from its obligation to file the July 1998 Semiannual Monitoring Report to develop proposed modifications to ADE's monitoring and reporting obligations. In June 1998, monitoring information previously submitted by the districts in the Spring of 1998 was reviewed and prepared for historical files and presentation to the Arkansas State Board. Also, in June the following occurred: a) The Extended COE Team Visit Reports were completed, b) the Semiannual Monitoring COE Data Report was completed, c) progress reports were submitted from previous cycles, and d.) staff development on assessment (SA T-9) and curriculum alignment was conducted with three supervisors. In July, the Lead Planner provided the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Committee with (1) a review of the court Order relieving ADE of its obligation to file a July Semiannual Monitoring Report, and (2) an update of ADE's progress toward work with the parties and ODM to develop proposed revisions to ADE's monitoring and reporting obligations. The Committee encouraged ODM, the parties and the ADE to continue to work toward revision of the monitoring and reporting process. In August 1998, the ADE Implementation Phase Working group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. The Assistant Attorney General, the Assistant Director for Accountability and the Education Lead Planner updated the group on all relevant desegregation legal issues and proposed revisions to monitoring and reporting activities during the quarter. In September 1998, tentative monitoring dates were established and they will be finalized once proposed revisions to the Desegregation Monitoring Plan are finalized and approved. In September/October 1998, progress was being made on the proposed revisions to the monitoring process by committee representatives of all the Parties in the Pulaski County Settlement Agreement. While the revised monitoring plan is finalized and approved, the ADE monitoring staff will continue to provide technical assistance to schools upon request. 16 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In December 1998, requests were received from schools in PCSSD regarding test score analysis and staff Development. Oak Grove is scheduled for January 21 , 1999 and Lawson Elementary is also tentatively scheduled in January. Staff development regarding test score analysis for Oak Grove and Lawson Elementary in the PCSSD has been rescheduled for April 2000. Staff development regarding test score analysis for Oak Grove and Lawson Elementary in the PCSSD was conducted on May 5, 2000 and May 9, 2000 respectively. Staff development regarding classroom management was provided to the Franklin Elementary School in LRSD on November 8, 2000. Staff development regarding ways to improve academic achievement was presented to College Station Elementary in PCSSD on November 22, 2000. On November 1, 2000, the ADE Implementation Phase Working group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. The Assistant Director for Accountability updated the group on all relevant desegregation legal issues and discussed revisions to monitoring and reporting activities during the quarter. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for February 27, 2001 in room 201 -A at the ADE. The Implementation Phase Working Group meeting that was scheduled for February 27 had to be postponed. It will be rescheduled as soon as possible. The quarterly Implementation Phase Working Group meeting is scheduled for June 27, 2001 . The quarterly Implementation Phase Working Group meeting was rescheduled from June 27. It will take place on July 26, 2001 in room 201-A at 1 :30 p. m. at the ADE. 17 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) On July 26, 2001, the ADE Implementation Phase Working group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. Mr. Mark Hagemeier, Assistant Attorney General, and Mr. Scott Smith, ADE Staff Attorney, discussed the court case involving the LRSD seeking unitary status. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for October 11 , 2001 in room 201-A at the ADE. On October 11, 2001 , the ADE Implementation Phase Working group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. Mr. Scott Smith, ADE Staff Attorney, discussed the ADE's intent to take a proactive role in Desegregation Monitoring. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for January 10, 2002 in room 201-A at the ADE. The Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting that was scheduled for January 10 was postponed. It has been rescheduled for February 14, 2002 in room 201-A at the ADE. On February 12, 2002, the ADE Implementation Phase Working group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. Mr. Mark Hagemeier, Assistant Attorney General, discussed the court case involving the LRSD seeking unitary status. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for April 11 , 2002 in room 201-A at the ADE. On April 11 , 2002, the ADE Implementation Phase Working group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. Mr. Mark Hagemeier, Assistant Attorney General, discussed the court case involving the LRSD seeking unitary status. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for July 11 , 2002 in room 201-A at the ADE. 18 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On July 18, 2002, the ADE Implementation Phase Working group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. Dr. Charity Smith, Assistant Director for Accountability, talked about section XV in the Project Management Tool (PMT) on Standardized Test Selection to Determine Loan Forgiveness. She said that the goal has been completed, and no additional reporting is required for section XV. Mr. Morris discussed the court case involving the LRSD seeking unitary status. He handed out a Court Order from May 9, 2002, which contained comments from U.S. District Judge Bill Wilson Jr., about hearings on the LRSD request for unitary status. Mr. Morris also handed out a document from the Secretary of Education about the No Child Left Behind Act. There was discussion about how this could have an affect on Desegregation issues. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for October 10, 2002 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. The quarterly Implementation Phase Working Group meeting was rescheduled from October 10. It will take place on October 29, 2002 in room 201-A at 1 :30 p.m. at the ADE. On October 29, 2002, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. Meetings with the parties to discuss possible revisions to the ADE's monitoring plan will be postponed by request of the school districts in Pulaski County. Additional meetings could be scheduled after the Desegregation ruling is finalized. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for January 9, 2003 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. On January 9, 2003, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. No Child Left Behind and the Desegregation ruling on unitary status for LRSD were discussed. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for April 10, 2003 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. The quarterly Implementation Phase Working Group meeting was rescheduled from April 10. It will take place on April 24, 2003 in room 201-A at 1 :30 p.m. at the ADE. 19 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On April 24, 2003, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. Laws passed by the legislature need to be checked to make sure none of them impede desegregation. Ray Lumpkin was chairman of the last committee to check legislation. Since he left, we will discuss the legislation with Clearence Lovell. The Desegregation ruling on unitary status for LRSD was discussed. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for July 10, 2003 at 1:30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. On August 28, 2003, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. The Desegregation ruling on unitary status for LRSD was discussed. The LRSD has been instructed to submit evidence showing progress in reducing disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. This is supposed to be done by March of 2004, so that the LRSD can achieve unitary status. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for October 9, 2003 at the ADE. On October 9, 2003, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. Mark Hagemeier, Assistant Attorney General, discussed the Desegregation ruling on unitary status for LRSD. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for January 8, 2004 at the ADE. On October 16, 2003, ADE staff met with the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee at the State Capitol. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, and Dr. Charity Smith , Assistant Director for Accountability, presented the Chronology of activity by the ADE in complying with provisions of the Implementation Plan for the Desegregation Settlement Agreement. They also discussed the role of the ADE Desegregation Monitoring Section. Mr. Mark Hagemeier, Assistant Attorney General, and Scott Smith, ADE Staff Attorney, reported on legal issues relating to the Pulaski County Desegregation Case. Ann Marshall shared a history of activities by ODM, and their view of the activity of the school districts in Pulaski County. John Kunkel discussed Desegregation funding by the ADE. 20 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On November 4, 2004, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. The ADE is required to check laws that the legislature passes to make sure none of them impede desegregation. Clearence Lovell was chairman of the last committee to check legislation. Since he has retired, the ADE attorney will find out who will be checking the next legislation. The Desegregation ruling on unitary status for LRSD was discussed. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for January 6, 2005 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. On May 3, 2005, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. The PCSSD has petitioned to be released from some desegregation monitoring. There was discussion in the last legislative session that suggested all three districts in Pulaski County should seek unitary status. Legislators also discussed the possibility of having two school districts in Pulaski County instead of three. An Act was passed by the Legislature to conduct a feasability study of having only a north school district and a south school district in Pulaski County. Removing Jacksonville from the PCSSD is also being studied. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for July 7, 2005 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. On June 20, 2006, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. ADE staff from the Office of Public School Academic Accountability updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. The purpose, content, and due date for information going into the Project Management Tool and its Executive Summary were reported. There was discussion about the three districts in Pulaski County seeking unitary status. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for October 17, 2006 at 1:30 p.m. in room ~01-A at the ADE. 21 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On March 16, 2007, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review previous Implementation Phase activities. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, reported that U.S. District Judge Bill Wilson Jr. declared the LRSD unitary and released the district from federal court supervision. It was stated that the ADE should continue desegregation reporting until the deadline for an appeal filing has past, or until an appeal has been denied. House Bill 1829 passed the House and Senate. This says the ADE should hire consultants to determine whether and in what respects any of the Pulaski County districts are unitary. It authorizes the ADE and the Attorney General to seek proper federal court review and determination of the current unitary status and allows the State of Arkansas to continue payments under a post-unitary agreement to the three Pulaski County districts for a time period not to exceed seven years. The three Pulaski County districts may be reimbursed for legal fees incurred for seeking unitary or partial unitary status if their motions seeking unitary status or partial unitary status are filed no later than October 30, 2007, and theschool districts are declared unitary or at least partially unitary by the federal district court no later than June 14, 2008. Matt McCoy and Scott Richardson from the Attorney General's Office updated the group on legal issues related to desegregation. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for July 5, 2007 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. On July 12, 2007, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. He handed out the syllabus of the U.S. Supreme Court ruling from June 28, 2007 about the Seattle School District. The court ruled that the district could no longer use race as the only criteria for making certain elementary school assignments and to rule on transfer requests. Mr. Scott Richardson from the Attorney General's Office said that an expert was going to study the Pulaski County school districts and see what they need to do to become unitary. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for October 4, 2007 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. 22 II. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On October 11 , 2007, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. He handed out news articles about the LRSD being declared unitary and the Joshua intervenors filing a notice of appeal to the 8th Circuit Court. The LRSD and the Joshua intervenors have asked that the appeal be put on hold while they pursue a mediated settlement. Mr. Scott Richardson from the Attorney General's Office said that the LRSD had until October 31 to respond to the appeal filed by the Joshua intervenors. He said that the NLRSD was trying to get total unitary status and the PCSSD was working on getting unitary status in their student assignment. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for January 10, 2008 at 1:30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. On January 10, 2008, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. He handed out news articles about the districts in Pulaski County seeking unitary status. The Joshua lntervenors filed a motion with the 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals to overturn the ruling that gave the Little Rock School District unitary status. The Little Rock School District filed its response to the motion by the Joshua lntervenors. After the Pulaski County Special School District sought unitary status, the Joshua lntervenors requested that school desegregation monitors do a study on the quality of facilities in the district, or on the district's compliance with its desegregation plan. Judge Wilson denied the requests by Joshua lntervenors. The North Little Rock School District asked for unitary status and Joshua lntervenors objected and asked for a hearing. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for April 10, 2008 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. 23 11. MONITORING COMPENSATORY EDUCATION (Continued) A. Begin testing and evaluating the monitoring instrument and monitoring system to assure that data is appropriate and useful in monitoring the impacts of compensatory education programs on disparities in academic achievement for black students and white students. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On April 10, 2008, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Will ie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. House Bill 1829 that passed in 2007, allowed Pulaski County districts to be reimbursed for legal fees incurred for seeking unitary or partial unitary status if they are declared unitary or at least partially unitary by the federal district court no later than June 14 of 2008. Act 2 was passed in the special legislative session that started March 31 , 2008. This extends the deadline for unitary status to be reimbursed for legal fees from June 14 to December 31. Also discussed in the Implementation Phase meeting was the push by Jacksonville residents to establish a Jacksonville School District. On April 15, 2008, the PCSSD School Board voted 4-2 against letting Jacksonville leave the district. In 2003, U. S. District Judge Bill Wilson Jr., stopped an election in Jacksonville on forming an independent district. He said that taking Jacksonville out of the PCSSD would hinder efforts to comply with the court approved desegregation plan. A request by the PCSSD for unitary status is pending in federal district court. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for July 10, 2008 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. On July 10, 2008, the ADE Implementation Phase Working Group met to review the Implementation Phase activities for the previous quarter. Mr. Willie Morris, ADE Lead Planner for Desegregation, updated the group on all relevant desegregation issues. He handed out a news article that talked about an evaluation of the North Little Rock School District's compliance with its desegregation plan. The evaluation was done by the Office of Desegregation Monitoring (ODM), a federal desegregation monitoring office. ODM said \"NLRSD has almost no compliance issues that would hinder its bid for unitary status\". Another article said that ODM has proposed a 2008-09 budget that would allow for closing at the end of December 2008 if the school districts in Pulaski County are declared unitary before then. Each of the districts has petitioned U.S. District Judge Bill Wilson Jr. for unitary status. Another article was handed out stating that legislators, attorneys from the Attorney General's Office and representatives of the three school districts in Pulaski County have been conducting meetings to discuss ways to phase out desegregation payments. The next Implementation Phase Working Group Meeting is scheduled for October 9, 2008 at 1 :30 p.m. in room 201-A at the ADE. 24 Ill. A PETITION FOR ELECTION FOR LRSD WILL BE SUPPORTED SHOULD A MILLAGE BE REQUIRED A. Monitor court pleadings to determine if LRSD has petitioned the Court for a special election. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing. 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Ongoing. All Court pleadings are monitored monthly. B. Draft and file appropriate pleadings if LRSD petitions the Court for a special election. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 To date, no action has been taken by the LRSD. 25 IV. REPEAL STATUTES AND REGULATIONS THAT IMPEDE DESEGREGATION A. Using a collaborative approach, immediately identify those laws and regulations that appear to impede desegregation. 1. Projected Ending Date December, 1994 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 The information for this item is detailed under Section IV.E. of this report. B. Conduct a review within ADE of existing legislation and regulations that appear to impede desegregation. C. 1. Projected Ending Date November, 1994 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 The information for this item is detailed under Section IV.E. of this report. Request of the other parties to the Settlement Agreement that they identify laws and regulations that appear to impede desegregation. 1. Projected Ending Date November, 1994 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 The information for this item is detailed under Section IV.E. of this report. D. Submit proposals to the State Board of Education for repeal of those regulations that are confirmed to be impediments to desegregation. 1 . Projected Ending Date Ongoing 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 The information for this item is detailed under Section IV.E. of this report. 26 IV. REPEAL STATUTES AND REGULATIONS THAT IMPEDE DESEGREGATION (Continued) E. Submit proposals to the Legislature for repeal of those laws that appear to be impediments to desegregation. 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 A committee within the ADE was formed in May 1995 to review and collect data on existing legislation and regulations identified by the parties as impediments to desegregation. The committee researched the Districts' concerns to determine if any of the rules, regulations, or legislation cited impede desegregation. The legislation cited by the Districts regarding loss funding and worker's compensation were not reviewed because they had already been litigated. In September 1995, the committee reviewed the following statutes, acts, and regulations: Act 113 of 1993\nADE Director's Communication 93-205\nAct 145 of 1989\nADE Director's Memo 91-67\nADE Program Standards Eligibility Criteria for Special Education\nArkansas Codes 6-18-206, 6-20-307, 6-20-319, and 6-17- 1506. In October 1995, the individual reports prepared by committee members in their areas of expertise and the data used to support their conclusions were submitted to the ADE administrative team for their review. A report was prepared and submitted to the State Board of Education in July 1996. The report concluded that none of the items reviewed impeded desegregation. As of February 3, 1997, no laws or regulations have been determined to impede desegregation efforts. Any new education laws enacted during the Arkansas 81 st Legislative Session will be reviewed at the close of the legislative session to ensure that they do not impede desegregation. In April 1997, copies of all laws passed during the 1997 Regular Session of the 81 st General Assembly were requested from the office of the ADE Liaison to the Legislature for distribution to the Districts for their input and review of possible impediments to their desegregation efforts. In August 1997, a meeting to review the statutes passed in the prior legislative session was scheduled for September 9, 1997. 27 IV. REPEAL STATUTES AND REGULATIONS THAT IMPEDE DESEGREGATION (Continued) E. Submit proposals to the Legislature for repeal of those laws that appear to be impediments to desegregation. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) On September 9, 1997, a meeting was held to discuss the review of the statutes passed in the prior legislative session and new ADE regulations. The Districts will be contacted in writing for their input regarding any new laws or regulations that they feel may impede desegregation. Additionally, the Districts will be asked to review their regulations to ensure that they do not impede their desegregation efforts. The committee will convene on December 1, 1997 to review their findings and finalize their report to the Administrative Team and the State Board of Education. In October 1997, the Districts were asked to review new regulations and statutes for impediments to their desegregation efforts, and advise the ADE, in writing , if they feel a regulation or statute may impede their desegregation efforts. In October 1997, the Districts were requested to advise the ADE, in writing , no later than November 1, 1997 of any new law that might impede their desegregation efforts. As of November 12, 1997, no written responses were received from the Districts. The ADE concludes that the Districts do not feel that any new law negatively impacts their desegregation efforts. The committee met on December 1, 1997 to discuss their findings regarding statutes and regulations that may impede the desegregation efforts of the Districts. The committee concluded that there were no laws or regulations that impede the desegregation efforts of the Districts. It was decided that the committee chair would prepare a report of the committee's findings for the Administrative Team and the State Board of Education. The committee to review statutes and regulations that impede desegregation is now reviewing proposed bills and regulations, as well as laws that are being signed in, for the current 1999 legislative session. They will continue to do so until the session is over. The committee to review statutes and regulations that impede desegregation will meet on April 26, 1999 at the ADE. The committee met on April 26, 1999 at the ADE. The purpose of the meeting was to identify rules and regulations that might impede desegregation, and review within the existing legislation any regulations that might result in an impediment to desegregation. This is a standing committee that is ongoing and a report will be submitted to the State Board of Education once the process is completed. 28 IV. REPEAL STATUTES AND REGULATIONS THAT IMPEDE DESEGREGATION (Continued) E. Submit proposals to the Legislature for repeal of those laws that appear to be impediments to desegregation. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) The committee met on May 24, 1999 at the ADE. The committee was asked to review within the existing legislation any regulations that might result in an impediment to desegregation. The committee determined that Mr. Ray Lumpkin would contact the Pulaski County districts to request written response to any rules, regulations or laws that might impede desegregation. The committee would also collect information and data to prepare a report for the State Board. This will be a standing committee. This data gathering will be ongoing until the final report is given to the State Board. On July 26, 1999, the committee met at the ADE. The committee did not report any laws or regulations that they currently thought would impede desegregation, and are still waiting for a response from the three districts in Pulaski County. The committee met on August 30, 1999 at the ADE to review rules and regulations that might impede desegregation. At that time, there were no laws under review that appeared to impede desegregation. In November, the three districts sent letters to the ADE stating that they have reviewed the laws passed by the 82nd legislative session as well as current rules \u0026amp; regulations and district policies to ensure that they have no ill effect on desegregation efforts. There was some concern from PCSSD concerning a charter school proposal in the Maumelle area. The work of the committee is on-going each month depending on the information that comes before the committee. Any rules, laws or regulations that would impede desegregation will be discussed and reported to the State Board of Education. On October 4, 2000, the ADE presented staff development for assistant superintendents in LRSD, NLRSD and PCSSD regarding school laws of Arkansas. The ADE is in the process of forming a committee to review all Rules and Regulations from the ADE and State Laws that might impede desegregation. The ADE Committee on Statutes and Regulations will review all new laws that might impede desegregation once the 83rd General Assembly has completed this session. The ADE Committee on Statutes and Regulations will meet for the first time on June 11 , 2001 at 9:00 a.m. in room 204-A at the ADE. The committee will review all new laws that might impede desegregation that were passed during the 2001 Legislative Session. 29 IV. REPEAL STATUTES AND REGULATIONS THAT IMPEDE DESEGREGATION (Continued) E. Submit proposals to the Legislature for repeal of those laws that appear to be impediments to desegregation. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) The ADE Committee on Statutes and Regulations rescheduled the meeting that was planned for June 11 , in order to review new regulations proposed to the State Board of Education. The meeting will take place on July 16, 2001 at 9:00 a.m. at the ADE. The ADE Committee to Repeal Statutes and Regulations that Impede Desegregation met on July 16, 2001 at the ADE. The following Items were discussed: (1) Review of 2001 state laws which appear to impede desegregation. (2) Review of existing ADE regulations which appear to impede desegregation. (3) Report any laws or regulations found to impede desegregation to the Arkansas State Legislature, the ADE and the Pulaski County school districts. The next meeting will take place on August 27, 2001 at 9:00 a.m. at the ADE. The ADE Committee to Repeal Statutes and Regulations that Impede Desegregation met on August 27, 2001 at the ADE. The Committee is reviewing all relevant laws or regulations produced by the Arkansas State Legislature, the ADE and the Pulaski County school districts in FY 2000/2001 to determine if they may impede desegregation. The next meeting will take place on September 10, 2001 in Conference Room 204-B at 2:00 p.m. at the ADE. The ADE Committee to Repeal Statutes and Regulations that Impede Desegregation met on September 10, 2001 at the ADE. The Committee is reviewing all relevant laws or regulations produced by the Arkansas State Legislature, the ADE and the Pulaski County school districts in FY 2000/2001 to determine if they may impede desegregation. The next meeting will take place on October 24, 2001 in Conference Room 204-B at 2:00 p.m. at the ADE. The ADE Committee to Repeal Statutes and Regulations that Impede Desegregation met on October 24, 2001 at the ADE. The Committee is reviewing all relevant laws or regulations produced by the Arkansas State Legislature, the ADE and the Pulaski County school districts in FY 2000/2001 to determine if they may impede desegregation. On December 17, 2001 , the ADE Committee to Repeal Statutes and Regulations that Impede Desegregation composed letters that will be sent to the school districts in Pulaski County. The letters ask for input regarding any new laws or regulations that may impede desegregation. Laws to review include those of the 83rd General Assembly, ADE regulations, and regulations of the Districts. 30 IV. REPEAL STATUTES AND REGULATIONS THAT IMPEDE DESEGREGATION (Continued) E. Submit proposals to the Legislature for repeal of those laws that appear to be impediments to desegregation. (Continued)  2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On January 10, 2002, the ADE Committee to Repeal Statutes and Regulations that Impede Desegregation sent letters to the school districts in Pulaski County. The letters ask for input regarding any new laws or regulations that may impede desegregation. The districts were asked to respond by March 8, 2002. On March 5, 2002, A letter was sent from the LRSD which mentioned Act 17 48 and Act 1667 passed during the 83rd Legislative Session which may impede desegregation. These laws will be researched to determine if changes need to be made. A letter was sent from the NLRSD on March 19, noting that the district did not find any laws which impede desegregation. On April 26, 2002, A letter was sent for the PCSSD to the ADE, noting that the district did not find any laws which impede desegregation except the \"deannexation\" legislation which the District opposed before the Senate committee. On October 27, 2003, the ADE sent letters to the school districts in Pulaski County asking if there were any new laws or regulations that may impede desegregation. The districts were asked to review laws passed during the 84th Legislative Session, any new ADE rules or regulations, and district policies. In July 2007, the ADE sent letters to the school districts in Pulaski County asking if there were any new laws or regulations that may impede desegregation. The districts were asked to review laws passed during the 86th Legislative Session, and any new ADE rules or regulations. 31 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES A. Through a preamble to the Implementation Plan, the Board of Education will reaffirm its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement and outcomes of programs intended to apply those principles. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 The preamble was contained in the Implementation Plan filed with the Court on March 15, 1994. B. Through execution of the Implementation Plan, the Board of Education will continue to reaffirm its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement and outcomes of programs intended to apply those principles. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Ongoing C. Through execution of the Implementation Plan, the Board of Education will continue to reaffirm its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement by actions taken by ADE in response to monitoring results. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 Ongoing D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 32 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 At each regular monthly meeting of the State Board of Education, the Board is provided copies of the most recent Project Management Tool (PMT) and an executive summary of the PMT for their review and approval. Only activities that are in addition to the Board's monthly review of the PMT are detailed below. In May 1995, the State Board of Education was informed of the total number of schools visited during the monitoring phase and the data collection process. Suggestions were presented to the State Board of Education on how recommendations could be presented in the monitoring reports. In June 1995, an update on the status of the pending Semiannual Monitoring Report was provided to the State Board of Education. In July 1995, the July Semiannual Monitoring Report was reviewed by the State Board of Education. On August 14, 1995, the State Board of Education was informed of the need to increase minority participation in the teacher scholarship program and provided tentative monitoring dates to facilitate reporting requests by the ADE administrative team and the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee. In September 1995, the State Board of Education was advised of a change in the PMT from a table format to a narrative format. The Board was also briefed about a meeting with the Office of Desegregation Monitoring regarding the PMT. In October 1995, the State Board of Education was updated on monitoring timelines. The Board was also informed of a meeting with the parties regarding a review of the Semiannual Monitoring Report and the monitoring process, and the progress of the t~st validation study. In November 1995, a report was made to the State Board of Education regarding the monitoring schedule and a meeting with the parties concerning the development of a common terminology for monitoring purposes. In December 1995, the State Board of Education was updated regarding announced monitoring visits. In January 1996, copies of the draft February Semiannual Monitoring Report and its executive summary were provided to the State Board of Education. 33 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) During the months of February 1996 through May 1996, the PMT report was the only item on the agenda regarding the status of the implementation of the Monitoring Plan. In June 1996, the State Board of Education was updated on the status of the bias review study. In July 1996, the Semiannual Monitoring Report was provided to the Court, the parties, ODM, the State Board of Education, and the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee. In August 1996, the State Board of Education and the ADE administrative team were provided with copies of the test validation study prepared by Dr. Paul Williams. During the months of September 1996 through December 1996, the PMT was the only item on the agenda regarding the status of the implementation of the Monitoring Plan. On January 13, 1997, a presentation was made to the State Board of Education regarding the February 1997 Semiannual Monitoring Report, and copies of the report and its executive summary were distributed to all Board members. The Project Management Tool and its executive summary were addressed at the February 10, 1997 State Board of Education meeting regarding the ADE's progress in fulfilling their obligations as set forth in the Implementation Plan. In March 1997, the State Board of Education was notified that historical information in the PMT had been summarized at the direction of the Assistant Attorney General in order to reduce the size and increase the clarity of the report. The Board was updated on the Pulaski County Desegregation Case and reviewed the Memorandum Opinion and Order issued by the Court on February 18, 1997 in response to the Districts' motion for summary judgment on the issue of state funding for teacher retirement matching contributions. During the months of April 1997 through June 1997, the PMT was the only item on the agenda regarding the status of the implementation of the Monitoring Plan. The State Board of Education received copies of the July 15, 1997 Semiannual Monitoring Report and executive summary at the July Board meeting. 34 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) The Implementation Phase Working Group held its quarterly meeting on August 4, 1997 to discuss the progress made in attaining the goals set forth in the Implementation Plan and the critical areas for the current quarter. A special report regarding a historical review of the Pulaski County Settlement Agreement and the ADE's role and monitoring obligations were presented to the State Board of Education on September 8, 1997. Additionally, the July 15, 1997 Semiannual Monitoring Report was presented to the Board for their review. In October 1997, a special draft report regarding disparity in achievement was submitted to the State Board Chairman and the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee. In November 1997, the State Board of Education was provided copies of the monthly PMT and its executive summary. The Implementation Phase Working Group held its quarterly meeting on November 3, 1997 to discuss the progress made in attaining the goals set forth in the Implementation Plan and the critical areas for the current quarter. In December 1997, the State Board of Education was provided copies of the monthly PMT and its executive summary. In January 1998, the State Board of Education reviewed and discussed ODM's report on the ADE's monitoring activities and instructed the Director to meet with the parties to discuss revisions to the ADE's monitoring plan and monitoring reports. In February 1998, the State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and discussed the February 1998 Semiannual Monitoring Report. In March 1998, the State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary and was provided an update regarding proposed revisions to the monitoring process. In April 1998, the State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary. In May 1998, the State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary. 35 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) In June 1998, the State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary. The State Board of Education also reviewed how the ADE would report progress in the PMT concerning revisions in ADE's Monitoring Plan. In July 1998, the State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary. The State Board of Education also received an update on Test Validation, the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Committee Meeting, and revisions in ADE's Monitoring Plan. In August 1998, the State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary. The Board also received an update on the five discussion points regarding the proposed revisions to the monitoring and reporting process. The Board also reviewed the basic goal of the Minority Recruitment Committee. In September 1998, the State Board of Education reviewed the proposed modifications to the Monitoring plans by reviewing the common core of written response received from the districts. The primary commonalities were (1) Staff Development, (2) Achievement Disparity and (3) Disciplinary Disparity. A meeting of the parties is scheduled to be conducted on Thursday, September 17, 1998. The Board encouraged the Department to identify a deadline for Standardized Test Validation and Test Selection. In October 1998, the Board received the progress report on Proposed Revisions to the Desegregation Monitoring and Reporting Process (see XVIII). The Board also reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary. In November, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board also received an update on the proposed revisions in the Desegregation monitoring Process and the update on Test validation and Test Selection provisions of the Settlement Agreement. The Board was also notified that the Implementation Plan Working Committee held its quarterly meeting to review progress and identify quarterly priorities. In December, the State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board also received an update on the joint motion by the ADE, the LRSD, NLRSD, and the PCSSD, to relieve the Department of its obligation to file a February Semiannual Monitoring Report. The Board was also notified that the Joshua lntervenors filed a motion opposing the joint motion. The Board was informed that the ADE was waiting on a response from Court. 36 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) In January, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board also received an update on the joint motion of the ADE, LRSD, PCSSD, and NLRSD for an order relieving the ADE of filing a February 1999 Monitoring Report. The motion was granted subject to the following three conditions: (1) notify the Joshua intervenors of all meetings between the parties to discuss proposed changes, (2) file with the Court on or before February 1, 1999, a report detailing the progress made in developing proposed changes and (3) identify ways in which ADE might assist districts in their efforts to improve academic achievement. In February, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board was informed that the three conditions: (1) notify the Joshua lntervenors of all meetings between the parties to discuss proposed changes, (2) file with the Court on or before February 1, 1999, a report detailing the progress made in developing proposed changes and (3) identify ways in which ADE might assist districts in their efforts to improve academic achievement had been satisfied. The Joshua lntervenors were invited again to attend the meeting of the parties and they attended on January 13, and January 28, 1999. They are also scheduled to attend on February 17, 1998. The report of progress, a collaborative effort from all parties was presented to court on February 1, 1999. The Board was also informed that additional items were received for inclusion in the revised report, after the deadline for the submission of the progress report and the ADE would: (1) check them for feasibility, and fiscal impact if any, and (2) include the items in future drafts of the report. In March, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board also received and reviewed the Desegregation Monitoring and Assistance Progress Report submitted to Court on February 1, 1999. On April 12, and May 10, 1999, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board also was notified that once the financial section of the proposed plan was completed, the revised plan would be submitted to the board for approval. On June 14, 1999, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board also was notified that once the financial section of the proposed plan was completed , the revised plan would be submitted to the board for approval. 37 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project ManagementTool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On July 12, 1999, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board also was notified that once the financial section of the proposed plan was completed, the revised plan would be submitted to the board for approval. On August 9, 1999, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board was also notified that the new Desegregation Monitoring and Assistance Plan would be ready to submit to the Board for their review \u0026amp; approval as soon as plans were finalized. On September 13, 1999, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board was also notified that the new Desegregation Monitoring and Assistance Plan would be ready to submit to the Board for their review \u0026amp; approval as soon as plans were finalized. On October 12, 1999, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed the PMT and its executive summary. The Board was notified that on September 21 , 1999 that the Office of Education Lead Planning and Desegregation Monitoring meet before the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee and presented them with the draft version of the new Desegregation Monitoring and Assistance Plan. The State Board was notified that the plan would be submitted for Board review and approval when finalized. On November 8, 1999, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of October. On December 13, 1999, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of November. On January 10, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of December. On February 14, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of January. On March 13, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of February. On April 10, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of March. 38 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) On May 8, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of April. On June 12, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of May. On July 10, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of June. On August 14, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of July. On September 11 , 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of August. On October 9, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of September. On November 13, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of October. On December 11, 2000, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of November. On January 8, 2001, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of December. On February 12, 2001, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of January. On March 12, 2001, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of February. On April 9, 2001 , the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of March. On May 14, 2001, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of April. On June 11, 2001, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of May. 39 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project ManagementTool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On July 9, 2001 , the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of June. On August 13, 2001 , the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of July. On September 10, 2001 , the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of August. On October 8, 2001 , the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of September. On November 19, 2001 , the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of October. On December 10, 2001 , the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of November. On January 14, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of December. On February 11 , 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of January. On March 11, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of February. On April 8, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of March. On May 13, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of April. On June 10, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of May. On July 8, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of June. On August 12, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of July. 40 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On September 9, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of August. On October 14, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of September. On November 18, 2002, the Arkansas State Board bf Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of October. On December 9, 2002, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of November. On January 13, 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of December. On February 10, 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of January. On March 10, 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of February. On April 14, 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of March. On May 12, 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of April. On June 9, 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of May. On August 11 , 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the months of June and July. On September 8, 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of August. On October 13, 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of September. On November 10, 2003, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of October. 41 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On January 12, 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of December. On February 9, 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of January. On March 8, 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of February. On April 12, 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of March. On May 10, 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of April. On June 14, 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of May. On August 9, 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the months of June and July. On September 12, 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of August. On October 11 , 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of September. On November 8, 2004, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of October. On January 10, 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the months of November and December. On February 14, 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of January. On March 14, 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of February. On April 11 , 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of March. 42 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On May 9, 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of April. On June 13, 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of May. On July 11 , 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of June. On August 8, 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of July. On September 12, 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of August. On October 10, 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of September. On November 14, 2005, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of October. On January 9, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the months of November and December. On February 13, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of January. On March 13, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of February. On April 10, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of March. On May 8, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of April. On June 12, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of May. On July 10, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of June. 43 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued)  2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) dn August 14, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of July. On September 11, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of August. On October 9, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of September. On November 13, 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of October. On December 11 , 2006, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of November. On January 17, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of December. On February 12, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of January. On March 12, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of February. On April 9, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of March. On May 14, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of April. On June 11 , 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of May. On July 9, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of June. On August 13, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of July. On September 10, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of August. On October 8, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of September. 44 V. COMMITMENT TO PRINCIPLES (Continued) D. Through regular oversight of the Implementation Phase's Project Management Tool, and scrutiny of results of ADE's actions, the Board of Education will act on its commitment to the principles of the Settlement Agreement. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On November 5, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of October. On December 10, 2007, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of November. On January 15, 2008, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of December. On February 11 , 2008, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of January. On March 10, 2008, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of February. On April 21 , 2008, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of March. On May 12, 2008, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of April. On June 9, 2008, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of May. On July 14, 2008, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT and its executive summary for the month of June. On August 11, 2008, the Arkansas State Board of Education reviewed and approved the PMT an-a its executive summary for the month of July. 45 VI. REMEDIATION A. Through the Extended COE process, the needs for technical assistance by District, by School, and by desegregation compensatory education programs will be identified. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 During May 1995, team visits to Cycle 4 schools were conducted, and plans were developed for reviewing the Cycle 5 schools. In June 1995, the current Extended COE packet was reviewed, and enhancements to the Extended COE packet were prepared. In July 1995, year end reports were finalized by the Pulaski County field service specialists, and plans were finalized for reviewing the draft improvement plans of the Cycle 5 schools. In August 1995, Phase I - Cycle 5 school improvement plans were reviewed. Plans were developed for meeting with the Di.stricts to discuss plans for Phase II - Cycle 1 schools of Extended COE, and a school improvement conference was conducted in Hot Springs. The technical review visits for the FY 95/96 year and the documentation process were also discussed. In October 1995, two computer programs, the Effective Schools Planner and the Effective Schools Research Assistant, were ordered for review, and the first draft of a monitoring checklist for Extended COE was developed. Through the Extended COE process, the field service representatives provided technical assistance based on the needs identified within the Districts from the data gathered. In November 1995, ADE personnel discussed and planned for the FY 95/96 monitoring, and onsite visits were conducted to prepare schools for the FY 95/96 team visits. Technical review visits continued in the Districts. In December 1995, announced monitoring and technical assistance visits were conducted in the Districts. At December 31, 1995, approximately 59% of the schools in the Districts had been monitored. Technical review visits were conducted during January 1996. In February 1996, announced monitoring visits and midyear monitoring reports were completed, and the field service specialists prepared for the spring NCA/COE peer team visits. 46 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) A. Through the Extended COE process, the needs for technical assistance by District, by School, and by desegregation compensatory education programs will be identified. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In March 1996, unannounced monitoring visits of Cycle 5 schools commenced, and two-day peer team visits of Cycle 5 schools were conducted. Two-day team vis it materials, team lists and reports were prepared. Technical assistance was provided to schools in final preparation for team visits and to schools needing any school improvement information. In April and May 1996, the unannounced monitoring visits were completed. The unannounced monitoring forms were reviewed and included in the July monitoring report. The two-day peer team visits were completed , and annual COE monitoring reports were prepared. In June 1996, all announced and unannounced monitoring visits of the Cycle 5 schools were completed, and the data was analyzed. The Districts identified enrollment in compensatory education programs. The Semiannual Monitoring Report was completed and filed with the Court on July 15, 1996, and copies were distributed to the parties. During August 1996, meetings were held with the Districts to discuss the monitoring requirements. Technical assistance meetings with Cycle 1 schools were planned for 96/97. The Districts were requested to record discipline data in accordance with the Allen Letter. In September 1996, recommendations regarding the ADE monitoring schedule for Cycle 1 schools and content layouts of the semiannual report were submitted to the ADE administrative team for their review. Training materials were developed and schedules outlined for Cycle 1 schools. In October 1996, technical assistance needs were identified and addressed to prepare each school for their team visits. Announced monitoring visits of the Cycle 1 schools began on October 28, 1996. In December 1996, the announced monitoring visits of the Cycle 1 schools were completed, and technical assistance needs were identified from school site visits. In January 1997, the ECOE monitoring section identified technical assistance needs of the Cycle 1 schools, and the data was reviewed when the draft February Semiannual Monitoring Report was presented to the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee, the State Board of Education, and the parties. 47 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) A. Through the Extended COE process, the needs for technical assistance by District, by School, and by desegregation compensatory education programs will be identified. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In February 1997, field service specialists prepared for the peer team visits of the Cycle 1 schools. NCA accreditation reports were presented to the NCA Committee, and NCA reports were prepared for presentation at the April NCA meeting in Chicago. From March to May 1997, 111 visits were made to schools or central offices to work with principals, ECOE steering committees, and designated district personnel concerning school improvement planning . A workshop was conducted on Learning Styles for Geyer Springs Elementary School. A School Improvement Conference was held in Hot Springs on July 15-17, 1997. The conference included information on the process of continuous school improvement, results of the first five years of COE, connecting the mission with the school improvement plan, and improving academic performance. Technical assistance needs were evaluated for the FY 97 /98 school year in August 1997. From October 1997 to February 1998, technical reviews of the ECOE process were conducted by the field service representatives. Technical assistance was provided to the Districts through meetings with the ECOE steering committees, assistance in analyzing perceptual surveys, and by providing samples of school improvement plans, Gold File catalogs, and web site addresses to schools visited. Additional technical assistance was provided to the Districts through discussions with the ECOE committees and chairs about the process. In November 1997, technical reviews of the ECOE process were conducted by the field service representatives in conjunction with the announced monitoring visits. Workshops on brainstorming and consensus building and asking strategic questions were held in January and February 1998. In March 1998, the field service representatives conducted ECOE team visits and prepared materials for the NCA workshop. Technical assistance was provided in workshops on the ECOE process and team visits. In April 1998, technical assistance was provided on the ECOE process and academically distressed schools. In May 1998, technical assistance was provided on the ECOE process, and team visits were conducted. 48 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) A. Through the Extended COE process, the needs for technical assistance by District, by School, and by desegregation compensatory education programs will be identified. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In June 1998, the Extended COE Team Visit Reports were completed. A School Improvement Conference was held in Hot Springs on July 13-15, 1998. Major conference topics included information on the process of continuous school improvement, curriculum alignment, \"Smart Start,\" Distance Learning , using data to improve academic performance, educational technology, and multicultural education . All school districts in Arkansas were invited and representatives from Pulaski County attended. In September 1998, requests for technical assistance were received, visitation schedules were established, and assistance teams began visiting the Districts. Assistance was provided by telephone and on-site visits. The ADE provided inservice training on \"Using Data to Sharpen the Focus on Student Achievement\" at Gibbs Magnet Elementary school on October 5, 1998 at their request. The staff was taught how to increase test scores through data disaggregation, analysis, alignment, longitudinal achievement review, and use of individualized test data by student, teacher, class and content area. Information was also provided regarding the \"Smart Start\" and the \"Academic Distress\" initiatives. On October 20, 1998, ECOE technical assistance was provided to Southwest Jr. High School. . B. Identify available resources for providing technical assistance for the specific condition, or circumstances of need, considering resources within ADE and the Districts, and also resources available from outside sources and experts. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 The information for this item is detailed under Section VI.F. of this report. C. Through the ERIC system, conduct a literature search for research evaluating compensatory education programs. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 49 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) C. Through the ERIC system , conduct a literature search for research evaluating compensatory education programs. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 An updated ERIC Search was conducted on May 15, 1995 to locate research on evaluating compensatory education programs. The ADE received the updated ERIC disc that covered material through March 1995. An ERIC search was conducted in September 30, 1996 to identify current research dealing with the evaluation of compensatory education programs, and the articles were reviewed. An ERIC search was conducted in April 1997 to identify current research on compensatory education programs and sent to the Cycle 1 principals and the field service specialists for their use. An Eric search was conducted in October 1998 on the topic of Compensatory Education and related descriptors. The search included articles with publication dates from 1997 through July 1998. D. Identify and research technical resources available to ADE and the Districts through programs and organizations such as the Desegregation Assistance Center in San Antonio, Texas. 1. Projected Ending Date Summer 1994 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 The information for this item is detailed under Section VI.F. of this report. E. Solicit, obtain, and use available resources for technical assistance. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 The information for this item is detailed under Section VI.F. of this report. 50 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) F. Evaluate the impact of the use of resources for technical assistance. 1. Projected Ending Date Ongoing 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 From March 1995 through July 1995, technical assistance and resources were obtained from the following sources: the Southwest Regional Cooperative\nUALR regarding training for monitors\nODM on a project management software\nADHE regarding data review and display\nand Phi Delta Kappa, the Desegregation Assistance Center and the Dawson Cooperative regarding perceptual surveys. Technical assistance was received on the Microsoft Project software in November 1995, and a draft of the PMT report using the new software package was presented to the ADE administrative team for review. In December 1995, a data manager was hired permanently to provide technical assistance with computer software and hardware. In October 1996, the field service specialists conducted workshops in the Districts to address their technical assistance needs and provided assistance for upcoming team visits. In November and December 1996, the field service specialists addressed technical assistance needs of the schools in the Districts as they were identified and continued to provide technical assistance for the upcoming team visits. In January 1997, a draft of the February 1997 Semiannual Monitoring Report was presented to the State Board of Education, the Desegregation Litigation Oversight Subcommittee, and the parties. The ECOE monitoring section of the report included information that identified technical assistance needs and resources available to the Cycle 1 schools. Technical assistance was provided during the January 29-31 , 1997 Title I MidWinter Conference. The conference emphasized creating a learning community by building capacity schools to better serve all children and empowering parents to acquire additional skills and knowledge to better support the education of their children . In February 1997, three ADE employees attended the Southeast Regional Conference on Educating Black Children. Participants received training from national experts who outlined specific steps that promote and improve the education of black children. 51 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) F. Evaluate the impact of the use of resources for technical assistance. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31, 2008 (Continued) On March 6-9, 1997, three members of the ADE's Technical Assistance Section attended the National Committee for School Desegregation Conference. The participants received training in strategies for Excellence and Equity: Empowerment and Training for the Future. Specific information was received regarding the current status of court-ordered desegregation, unitary status, and resegregation and distributed to the Districts and ADE personnel. The field service specialists attended workshops in March on ACT testing and school improvement to identify technical assistance resources available to the Districts and the ADE that will facilitate desegregation efforts. ADE personnel attended the Eighth Annual Conference on Middle Level Education in Arkansas presented by the Arkansas Association of Middle Level Education on April 6-8, 1997. The theme of the conference was Sailing Toward New Horizons. In May 1997, the field service specialists attended the NCA annual conference and an inservice session with Mutiu Fagbayi. An Implementation Oversight Committee member participated in the Consolidated COE Plan inservice training. In June and July 1997, field service staff attended an SA T-9 testing workshop and participated in the three-day School Improvement Conference held in Hot Springs. The conference provided the Districts with information on the COE school improvement process, technical assistance on monitoring and assessing achievement, availability of technology for the classroom teacher, and teaching strategies for successful student achievement. In August 1997, field service personnel attended the ASCD Statewide Conference and the AAEA Administrators Conference. On August 18, 1997, the bi-monthly Team V meeting was held and presentations were made on the 'Early Literacy Learning in Arkansas (ELLA) program and the Schools of the 21st Century program. In September 1997, technical assistance was provided to the Cycle 2 principals on data collection for onsite and offsite monitoring. ADE personnel attended the Region VI Desegregation Conference in October 1997. Current desegregation and educational equity cases and unitary status issues were the primary focus of the conference. On October 14, 1997, the bi-monthly Team V meeting was held in Paragould to enable members to observe a 21st Century school and a school that incorporates traditional and multi-age classes in its curriculum. 52 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) F. Evaluate the impact of the use of resources for technical assistance. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) In November 1997, the field service representatives attended the Governor's Partnership Workshop to discuss how to tie the committee's activities with the ECOE process. In March 1998, the field service representatives attended a school improvement conference and conducted workshops on team building and ECOE team visits. Staff development seminars on Using Data to Sharpen the Focus on Student Achievement are scheduled for March 23, 1998 and March 27, 1998 for the Districts. In April 1998, the Districts participated in an ADE seminar to aid them in evaluating and improving student achievement. In August 1998, the Field Service Staff attended inservice to provide further assistance to schools, i.e., Title I Summer Planning Session, ADE session on Smart Start, and the School Improvement Workshops. All schools and districts in Pulaski County were invited to attend the \"Smart Start\" Summit November 9, 10, and 11 to learn more about strategies to increase student performance. \"Smart Start\" is a standards-driven educational initiative which emphasizes the articulation of clear standards for student achievement and accurate measures of progress against those standards through assessments, staff development and individual school accountability. The Smart Start Initiative focused on improving reading and mathematics achievement for all students in Grades K-4. Representatives from all three districts attended. On January 21 , 1998, the ADE provided staff development for the staff at Oak Grove Elementary School designed to assist them with their efforts to improve student achievement. Using achievement data from Oak Grove, educators reviewed trends in achievement data, identified areas of greatest need, and reviewed seven steps for improving student performance. On February 24, 1999, the ADE provided staff development for the administrative staff at Clinton Elementary School regarding analysis of achievement data. On February 15, 1999, staff development was rescheduled for Lawson Elementary School. The staff development program was designed to assist them with their efforts to improve student achievement using achievement data from Lawson, educators reviewed the components of the Arkansas Smart Initiative, trends in achievement data, identified areas of greatest need, and reviewed seven steps for improving student performance. Student Achievement Workshops were rescheduled for Southwest Jr. High in the Little Rock School District, and the Oak Grove Elementary School in the Pulaski County School District. 53 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) F. Evaluate the impact of the use of resources for technical assistance. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On April 30, 1999, a Student Achievement Workshop was conducted for Oak Grove Elementary School in PCSSD. The Student Achievement Workshop for Southwest Jr. High in LRSD has been rescheduled. On June 8, 1999, a workshop was presented to representatives from each of the Arkansas Education Service Cooperatives and representatives from each of the three districts in Pulaski County. The workshop detailed the Arkansas Comprehensive Testing , Assessment and Accountability Program (ACTAAP). On June 18, 1999, a workshop was presented to administrators of the NLRSD. The workshop detailed the Arkansas Comprehensive Testing , Assessment and Accountability Program (ACTAAP). On August 16, 1999, professional development on ways to increase student achievement and the components of the new ACTAAP program was presented during the preschool staff development activities for teaching assistant in the LRSD. On August 20, 1999, professional development on ways to increase student achievement and the components of the new ACTAAP program was presented during the preschool staff development activities for the Accelerated Learning Center in the LRSD. On September 13, 1999, professional development on ways to increase student achievement and the components of the new ACT AAP program were presented to the staff at Booker T. Washington Magnet Elementary School. On September 27, 1999, professional development on ways to increase student achievement was presented to the Middle and High School staffs of the NLRSD. The workshop also covered the components of the new ACTAAP program, and ACT 999 of 1999. On October 26, 1999, professional development on ways to increase student achievement was presented to LRSD personnel through a staff development training class. The workshop also covered the components of the new ACT AAP program, and ACT 999 of 1999. On December 7, 1999, professional development on ways to increase student achievement was scheduled for Southwest Middle School in the LRSD. The workshop was also set to cover the components of the new ACTAAP program, and ACT 999 of 1999. However, Southwest Middle School administrators had a need to reschedule, therefore the workshop will be rescheduled. 54 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) F. Evaluate the impact of the use of resources for technical assistance. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On January 10, 2000, professional development on ways to increase student achievement was conducted for both Dr. Martin Luther King Magnet Elementary School \u0026amp; Little Rock Central High School. The workshops also covered the components of the new ACTAAP program , and ACT 999 of 1999. On March 1, 2000, professional development on ways to increase student achievement was conducted for all principals and district level administrators in the PCSSD. The workshop also covered the components of the new ACTAAP program, and ACT 999 of 1999. On April 12, 2000, professional development on ways to increase student achievement was conducted for the LRSD. The workshop also covered the components of the new ACTAAP program , and ACT 999 of 1999. Targeted staffs from the middle and junior high schools in the three districts in Pulaski County attended the Smart Step Summit on May 1 and May 2. Training was provided regarding the overview of the \"Smart Step\" initiative, \"Standard and Accountability in Action ,\" and \"Creating Learning Environments Through Leadership Teams.\" The ADE provided training on the development of alternative assessment September 12-13, 2000. Information was provided regarding the assessment of Special Education and LEP students. Representatives from each district were provided the opportunity to select a team of educators from each school within the district to participate in professional development regarding Integrating Curriculum and Assessment K-12. The professional development activity was directed by the national consultant, Dr. Heidi Hays Jacobs, on September 14 and 15, 2000. The ADE provided professional development workshops from October 2 through October 13, 2000 regarding , \"The Write Stuff: Curriculum Frameworks, Content Standards and Item Development.\" Experts from the Data Recognition Corporation provided the training . Representatives from each district were provided the opportunity to select a team of educators from each school within the district to participate. The ADE provided training on Alternative Assessment Portfolio Systems by video conference for Special Education and LEP Teachers on November 17, 2000. Also, Alternative Assessment Portfolio System Training was provided for testing coordinators through teleconference broadcast on November 27, 2000. 55 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) F. Evaluate the impact of the use of resources for technical assistance. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On December 12, 2000, the ADE provided training for Test Coordinators on end of course assessments in Geometry and Algebra I Pilot examination. Experts from the Data Recognition Corporation conducted the professional development at the Arkansas Teacher Retirement Building. The ADE presented a one-day training session with Dr. Cecil Reynolds on the Behavior Assessment for Children (BASC). This took place on December 7, 2000 at the NLRSD Administrative Annex. Dr. Reynolds is a practicing clinical psychologist. He is also a professor at Texas A \u0026amp; M University and a nationally known author. In the training, Dr. Reynolds addressed the following: 1) how to use and interpret information obtained on the direct observation form , 2) how to use this information for programming, 3) when to use the BASC, 4) when to refer for more or additional testing or evaluation, 5) who should complete the forms and when, (i.e ., parents, teachers, students) , 6) how to correctly interpret scores. This train ing was intended to especially benefit School Psychology Specialists, psychologists, psychological examiners, educational examiners and counselors. During January 22-26, 2001 the ADE presented the ACT AAP Intermediate (Grade 6) Benchmark Professional Development Workshop on Item Writing. Experts from the Data Recognition Corporation provided the training. Representatives from each district were invited to attend. On January 12, 2001 the ADE presented test administrators train ing for mid-year End of Course (Pilot) Algebra I and Geometry exams. This was provided for schools with block scheduling. On January 13, 2001 the ADE presented SmartScience Lessons and worked with teachers to produce curriculum. This was shared with eight Master Teachers. The SmartScience Lessons were developed by the Arkansas Science Teachers Association in conjunction with the Wilbur Mills Educational Cooperative under an Eisenhower grant provided by the ADE. The purpose of SmartScience is to provide K-6 teachers with activity-oriented science lessons that incorporate reading, writing, and mathematics skills. The following training has been provided for educators in the three districts in Pulaski County by the Division of Special Education at the ADE since January 2000: On January 6, 2000, training was conducted for the Shannon Hills Pre-school Program, entitled \"Things you can do at home to support your child 's learning.\" This was presented by Don Boyd - ASERC and Shelley Weir. The school's director and seven parents attended. 56 VI. REMEDIATION (Continued) F. Evaluate the impact of the use of resources for technical assistance. (Continued) 2. Actual as of August 31 , 2008 (Continued) On March 8, 2000, training was conducted for the Southwest Middle School in Little Rock, on ADD. Six people attended the training . There was follow-up training on Learning and Reading Styles on March 26. This was presented by Don Boyd - ASERC and Shelley Weir. On September 7, 2000, Autism and Classroom Accommodations for the LRSD at Chicot Elementary School was presented. Bryan Ayres and Shelley Weir were presenters. The participants were: Karen Sabo, Kindergarten Teacher\nMelissa Gleason, Paraprofessional\nCurtis Mayfield, P.E. Teacher\nLisa Poteet, Speech Language Pathologist\nJane Harkey, Principal\nKathy Penn-Norman, Special Education Coordinator\nAlice Phillips, Occupational Therapist. On September 15, 2000, the Governor's Developmental Disability Coalition Conference presented Assistive Technology Devices \u0026amp; Services. This was held at the Arlington Hotel in Hot Springs. Bryan Ayres was the presenter. On September 19, 2000, Autism and Classroom Accommodations for the LRSD at Jefferson Elementary School was presented. Bryan Ayres and Shelley Weir were presenters. The participants were: Melissa Chaney, Special Education Teacher\nBarbara Barnes, Special Education Coordinator\na Principal, a Counselor, a Librarian, and a Paraprofessional. On October 6, 2000, Integrating Assistive Technology Into Curriculum was presented at a conference in the Hot Springs Convention Center. Presenters were: Bryan Ayers and Aleecia Starkey. Speech Language Pathologists from LRSD and NLRSD attended. On October 24, 2000, Consideration and Assessment of Assistive Technology was presented through Compressed Video-Teleconference at the ADE facility in West Little Rock. Bryan Ayres was the presenter. On October 25 and 26, 2000, Alternate Assessment for Students with Severe Disabilities for the LRSD at J. A. Fair High School was presented. Bryan Ayres was the presenter. The participants were: Susan Chapman, Special Education Coordinator\nMary Steele, Special Education Teacher\nDenise Nesbit, Speech Language Pathologist\nand three Paraprofessionals. On November 14, 2000, Consideration and Assessment of Assistive Technology was presented through Compressed Video-Teleconference at the ADE facility in West Little Rock. Bryan Ayres was the pres\nThis project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resoources.\n   \n\n   \n\n  \n\n\n   \n\n  \n\n \n\n\n   \n\n   \n\n \n\n\n   \n\n  \n\n \n\n\u003cdcterms_creator\u003eArkansas. 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Bernie Weinman, 2008"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Rhodes College"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://hdl.handle.net/10267/33667"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"gych_rogp_041","title":"Hugh Gillis, 25 July 2008.","collection_id":"gych_rogp","collection_title":"Reflections on Georgia Politics oral history collection, 2006-2010","dcterms_contributor":["Short, Bob, 1932-"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Gillis, Hugh M.(Hugh Marion), 1918-2013","Short, Bob, 1932"],"dc_date":["2008-07-25"],"dcterms_description":["Gillis recalls his father's role in the creation of Treutlen County 1917 and other life events that inclined him to a life of politics. Elected to the House of Representatives in 1940, Gillis talks about the history of the Georgia Democratic Party under the influence of leaders such as Eugene Talmadge and Ed Rivers. According to Gillis, the Henry Grady Hotel served as a hotbed of Georgia politics, since most legislators stayed there during the legislative session. Gillis discusses the Three Governors Controversy and Herman Talmadge's subsequent governorship, including his implementation of the sales tax and his support of the Southern Manifesto. Gillis also discusses Melvin Thompson's and Ellis Arnall's later political careers. Gillis discusses his experience working under Governor Marvin Griffin, including his experiences with corruption in the Purchasing Department and the Highway Department. He also recalls his time serving under the Ernest Vandiver administration, including his experience regaring the integration of the Univeristy of Georgia. Gillis mentions personal experiences with other legislators including Peter Zack Geer, Carl Sanders, Joe Frank Harris, Sonny Purdue, Roy Barnes, Culver Kidd and Zell Miller. Gillis extensively discusses the politics and character of Lester Maddox.","Finding aid available in repository.","Related materials are available in the following collections of this repository: Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Collection, ROGP 040 James L. Gillis, Jr.; James L. Gillis, Sr. Papers.","Hugh Gillis was born in Soperton, Georgia on September 6, 1918. Gillis is the grandson of Treutlen County founder and state representative Neil Gillis, the son of state senator and highway commissioner Jim L. Gillis, and brother of Jim L. Gillis, Jr. Gillis attended Georgia Military College, and in 1939 received an undergraduate degree in agriculture from the University of Georgia. In 1941, he ran successfully for the Georgia House of Representatives. He served two terms, one from 1941 to 1944, and the other from 1949 to 1956. Meanwhile, he started his own company, Gillis Ag and Timber. Gillis was elected twice to the Georgia Senate, the first time in 1957, and the second in 1962. He would hold that seat for the next forty-two years, making him the longest-serving member of the Georgia General Assembly. In the senate, he was elected president pro tempore, and served on the Appropriations Committee. Working to bring doctors to rural communities, Gillis was influential in the creation of the dental school at the Medical College of Georgia in Augusta. He also served as head of the Natural Resources Committee, a seat which he held until his retirement in 2004.","Interviewed by Bob Short."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Collection","http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL220ROGP.xml"],"dcterms_subject":["Georgia--General Assembly--House of Representatives","Democratic Party (Ga.)","University of Georgia","Governors--Georgia","Taxation--Georgia","Political corruption--Georgia","College integration--Georgia--Athens","College integration","Governors","Political corruption","Political participation","Politics and government","Taxation","Treutlen County (Ga.)--History","Georgia--Politics and government","Georgia","Georgia--Athens","Georgia--Treutlen County"],"dcterms_title":["Hugh Gillis, 25 July 2008."],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://purl.libs.uga.edu/russell/RBRL220ROGP-041/ohms"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Collection, ROGP 041, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"dlg_local_right":["Resources may be used under the guidelines described by the U.S. Copyright Office in Section 107, Title 17, United States Code (Fair use). Parties interested in production or commercial use of the resources should contact the Russell Library for a fee schedule."],"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)","interviews"],"dcterms_extent":["1 interview (89 min.) : sd., col."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Perdue, Sonny, 1946-","Sanders, Carl, 1925-2014","Miller, Zell, 1932-2018","Talmadge, Eugene, 1884-1946","Kidd, Culver, 1914-1995","Thompson, M. E. (Melvin Ernest), 1903-1980","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002","Vandiver, S. Ernest (Samuel Ernest), 1918-2005","Gillis, Hugh M. (Hugh Marion), 1918-2013","Barnes, Roy E. (Roy Eugene), 1948-","Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003","Geer, Peter Zack","Griffin, Marvin, 1907-1982","Harris, Joe Frank","Gillis, Jim L., 1892-1975","Arnall, Ellis Gibbs, 1907-1992","Rivers, Eurith Dickinson, 1895-1967"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":"Hugh Gillis interviewed by Bob Short \r\n2008 July 25 \r\nSoperton, GA \r\nReflections on Georgia Politics \r\nROGP-041 \r\nOriginal: video, 90 minutes \r\n \r\nsponsored by: \r\nRichard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies \r\nUniversity of Georgia Libraries \r\nand \r\nYoung Harris College \r\n \r\nDate of Transcription:  September 27, 2009 \r\n \r\nBOB SHORT:  Im Bob Short and this is another chapter in the series, Reflections on Georgia Politics, sponsored by the Richard Russell Library at the University of Georgia.  Hugh Gillis, of Soperton, Georgia, served 55 years and 7 months as a State Representative and as a Senator.  That, Im sure, is a record that will never broken, and were delighted today to have Senator Gillis as our guest on Reflections on Georgia Politics.   \r\nSenator, before we get on that long road down your career as a public servant, lets talk about the Gillises and the impact you and your family have had on the State of Georgia, beginning with your grandfather, who I understand helped create Treutlen County. \r\n \r\nHUGH GILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And your father, Mr. Jim Gillis, who was in the legislature at the same time as your grandfather. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yes.  Well, my grandfather was in the Senate representing Emanuel County, and an area over that in that territory, and my father had moved across Felden[ph] Creek over into Montgomery County and was farming over there and he campaigned all over this Montgomery County in a horse and buggy, and visited one home right after another, and I think he spent a good bit of time, uh, politicking and  and defeated, you probably remember Joe Underwood served -- he defeated his father -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  -- for the House of Representatives, and then in 1917, that was probably 1916.  In 1917, my grandfather introduced a bill in the Senate to create Treutlen County, and it was part of Emanuel, part of Montgomery, and, it passed the House and then came over to the Senate and it passed the Senate.  So, that  after the county was created, then, we had to build a courthouse and all of the necessary buildings and so forth for the county to operate.  And there was already a little village here that  built by  the railroad came through and, uh, and a lot of the employees and different ones built homes and created the town of Soperton prior to that.  So Soperton became the head -- in fact the only town in the -- in the county.  There were some country stores scattered around in the county, but, no  nothing other than one or two little filling stations or grocery stores. \r\n \r\nSHORT: Well, your father, Mr. Jim, as he was known, served 24 years as head of the Highway Department.  I guess thats how you got interested in politics. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah.  My father was always interested, and, of course, he got the family, and my grandfather, and every Sunday afternoon, we would meet up over at my grandfathers home and have Sunday lunch and spend the afternoon socializing and talking about business and politics and, among it all, we all stayed really interested in what was going on politically in the State of Georgia. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  They tell the story around the capital about the time when Governor Ernest Vandiver, sent you and a group of senators over to see your father, Mr. Jim, in the Highway Department to tell him that they were about to cut his budget.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  [Laughs] Well, thats true.  Uh, Ernest had -- Governor Vandiver had to cut a lot of the Departments budgets.  Yeah, as you know, you have to live within the budget, and to do so you have to work on the various departments and so they did come over to see him and he had a habit of not  of course, there was nothing he could do about it, so he had a habit of just sort of whistling when somebody tells him something like that, and thats about all he had as a reaction he had to it.  He  of course, he had to cut the budget to agree with the governor.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  You were elected to the House of Representatives in 1940. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Did you have any election that year?  Did you have an opponent that year? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  No.  Luckily, Mr. Jim Fowler was our representative here in the county and he had decided not to run, and my father and my brother and several members of the family encouraged me to go out around the county and feels some pulses and see what they thought about me running, so I had just gotten out of the university in 1939, and I did  I found a lot of support, so I announced and was elected to the House of Representatives and Gene Talmadge, Eugene Talmadge, just was the Governor of Georgia at that time.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Back in those days there was only one party and that was the Democratic Party. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  But there were factions within the Democratic Party -- \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Exactly right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  -- that opposed each other, and a lot of people, generally referred to them as the Talmadges and the Rivers'.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Which one of those factions were you associated with? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, really I was, probably, with the Rivers faction because my daddy was a real close friend of Ed Rivers, and he had put my father on the Highway Board. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And, uh, we had created a lot of jobs and built a lot of roads in  in this area of Georgia.  In fact, in the State of Georgia, they did.  But I had a little help, but I tell  often told people, if you went over to the Capitol during those days, and you were not on the Talmadge side, you might as well stay at the Henry Grady Hotel. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  [Laughs] \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  But, Roy Harris was still in the house and luckily, I got a seat on the front row on the left of the speakers stand.  You know where Im talking about. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Front row. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Right. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And I was sitting between Roy Harris and Fred Hand, and both of those were expert politicians and knew probably government better than anybody else in the  at the Capitol.  And, uh, I had a lot of good help from them.  And I imagine you remember one named  you remember [indiscernible] Matthews,  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Very well. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  From Athens. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yes, sir. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He was  he was in that group. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mr. University. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah.  I dont think there was over about 23 or 24 that were close Rivers people, so called, or at  we were not anti-Talmadges that much, but we didnt have to vote for everything that he proposed, so occasionally there might be 25 or 30 votes opposing whatever the governor wanted, which didnt amount to much, but. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Who was speaker then? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I believe he had Randall Evans.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Randall? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Over the -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Thompson \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Out near  near --   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Augusta \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Augusta.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Right.  But when you came to the -- \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Randall  incidentally, Randall had never been in politics much and, especially never had been in the legislature, and he didnt know a whole lot about being a speaker, so it was right amusing  you know, Roy Harris and Fred Hand were experts, and they enjoyed keeping him in trouble. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  [Laughs]  Well, when you got there, Senator, back in those days, the governor ran about everything, including the General Assembly.  How was it to serve under a powerful governor like that? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, there again, you didnt have a whole lot of work to do.  They didnt  they would not put us on as chairman of any committees or, we didnt have to stay over at the Capitol all day afternoon working.  We could  back and to from the Henry Grady Hotel, and that was the headquarters for almost all the legislators, so it was  it was real  Id say real interesting and  and no problem.  I mean, we never got in any trouble.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Speaking of the Henry Grady, they say that more laws were passed and more campaigns settled at the Henry Grady than there was at the Capitol.  \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, I think that might have been true. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  [Laughs] \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Because at night we didnt have any  anything in particular to do but talk politics and visit around from one room to the other.  And it was just a real pleasure, and  and interesting to see what was going on over there after  after dark.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah.  So, I think it was 1942 that a young Attorney General by the name of Ellis Arnall was elected Governor and you were there. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  What do you remember about Governor Arnall? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, Governor Arnall was going to reform our state government, and did, change a lot of  a lot of government operations and, it was entirely a different group operating than what the Talmadge faction was, so, I think  another thing, World War II had started and there was hardly no funds  extra funds.  In fact, all the  all the departments were cut real bad and, everything, was, quiet and, we tried to get by the best we could with  with what we had, and Ellis Arnall didnt have a lot  a lot to do with. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  But, uh, I think he made a good governor as far as  as far as that goes. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well he certainly had a national reputation. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Oh, yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And his prison reform and, and also he was a  I think the first governor in the country to pass a bill that allowed 18 year olds to vote. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Thats  thats exactly right, and he created the office of Lieutenant Governor.  Thats another thing he did.  And I think he set up the merit system and set up several constitutional boards -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  -- so he did a good job in kind of reorganizing the state government. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  In the past, its been run directly out of the Governors office or from the leaders in the House and the Senate that were friends of the Governor. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Then came 1946.  That was the year of Georgias three governors.  Im sure you remember that.  You were  you were up there, \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And, you know, we  we read a lot about that in the history books, but we seldom have an opportunity to talk to somebody who was there.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Now you were there.  Tell us all about it. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, it was a  everything had been operating kind of smooth because of the shortage of the budget, and it was  the budget was still short, but the three governors created a lot of discussion and excitement-- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS: -- As far as the legislature was concerned, and, I tell you, I never have seen anything before or since like that. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Uh-huh.  Gene Talmadge was elected governor for the fourth time and then died. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And then it left you with Governor Arnall, who would not give up the office after Talmadge was elected by the Legislature, and Melvin Thompson, who had been elected Lieutenant Governor, but not sworn in, so that was  that  that  that election came to a vote, and you were in the Legislature, and you got to vote on it, didnt you? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yes, I did. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And  and how did you vote, if you dont mind telling us? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, the three governors were Herman Talmadge -- and Herman served 63 days.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And then court ruled that, uh, he was a  see, Arnall had created the Lieutenant Governors Office, and the court ruled that the Lieutenant Governor was to be Governor.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  So, I was  like you say, I was in the House, and after the court ruled, I run down to the Governors Office the next morning to see what the Governor was going to do, and every door was wide open and there was no Talmadge employee or appointee down there.  It was  they just cleaned house and left it up to M. E. Thompson to take over. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  But the three governor race was tough and, of course, Herman, they  he was involved in it because they claimed he got some write-in votes, \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And was second, and should  should be governor instead of M.E., and thats what the Legislature went on. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And, of course, the Talmadges had more friends in the Legislature than M.E. had.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And they elected Herman, but, like I said, the courts didnt agree to that, and it was a  sort of a knock down, drag out battle.  Ellis Arnall tried to stay on because he said he was going to stay on as governor until it was settled.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And when Herman was elected by the Legislature, they went down and saw to it that Arnall was put out of office, and they moved him out.  He set him up an  office out in the rotunda of the Capitol and two of the Talmadge close buddies picked him up, I think, and carried him out the front door.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  So that left it up to Herman for the 63 days. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Talmadge very gracefully accepted that court decision, and a lot of people think that helped pave the way for him to run two years later -- \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  -- against Thompson, which he did, and he won. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And he was governor for six years.  He had some very progressive ideas.  He created the sales tax.  He did a lot of things.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, the state needed money and he had to have some more taxes, so he put taxes on cigarettes and tobacco and gasoline and various other items that brought in enough money for him to have a progressive state government by  from the funds that the new taxes brought in. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  He was also very much involved in the Southern Manifesto, which was signed by all the governors opposing the Federal Court decisions on school integration. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah.  All during that time there was a big problem with integration and -- Marvin Griffin and Herman -- and Herman Talmadge and Lester Maddox -- a lot of our governors were not for integrating our schools.  But Ellis Arnall agreed with  he was the former Attorney General, knew a lot about law and he agreed with the courts on it.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  So, Ellis Arnold, his group finally won out the decision and thats the reason Herman had to vacate.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  It was  it was during that period that -- that Senator Talmadge was first elected into that job that they go to Washington, and he defeated for the second time Melvin Thompson, as you recall, to  for that Senate seat.  Thompson had a very tough time as governor, didnt he? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He sure did, and of course the Legislature was not with him, and when you are the governor and the Legislature is not supporting you -- House and the Senate --  you got problems, and that was  that was the main reason that M.E. could not make a success.  \r\n  \r\nSHORT:  Marvin Griffin was Lieutenant Governor during the six years of the Talmadge Administration, and he decided to run for governor against a group of  individuals, which  also included other friends of  of Herman Talmadge.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And Griffin won, and served six years.  You were there while Griffin was Lieutenant Governor, werent you? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And now hes governor.  What sort of a governor was he? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, Griffin was a  a great fellow to be around.  He liked to tell jokes and have fun and a lot of afternoons hed come over to the hotel and join in with us and we  we always enjoyed seeing him regardless of whether you were for him or not.  And he  he knew how to handle those kind of things.  He was  he didnt let you not voting for him stand between you and his friendship.  In fact, after he left the governorship and his wife died, and he remarried again, he and his wife  new wife -- stopped by in this office right here to see me. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He had a tough time.  We had some people that he appointed to run the Highway Department and the Purchasing Department, and they had friends that wanted to make some money [laughs] and they did.  And, for instance, I believe I told you earlier before we had this  came in this office -- that I was a John Deere Dealer for about 24 or 5 years.  Somebody brought me a copy of a purchase order on about 8 or 10 John Deere tractors and the price of them.  And I looked at it, and it was 10% above retail, so I had a little committee appointed in the Senate and  and I happened to be chairman of it  to go down to the Purchasing Department to check on it down there and see just who bid on these tractors.  And, I dont know whether you remember a little short senator, George Jackson, from up there in Gray. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He was one of them, and there were two others, I believe.  But anyway, we go down there and I handed this purchase order to the secretary, and I said, \"We want to see the bids.  Im the chairman of this committee from the Senate, and we want to see these bids on these particular items.\"  And she disappeared and never came back.  But in about ten minutes, out comes the Purchasing Director, and he proceeded to lay the law down to us and really used a lot of bad words and he was going to have us all locked up, this, that, and the other.  But he was looking at little George Jackson all the time he was doing that, and little George reached into his pocket and pulled out a switchblade, and opened it up and he told him, he said, \"You  yeah, you better not have  but Im going to cut you down to my size.\" \r\n \r\nSHORT:  [Laughs] \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And he knocked the door down running back into his Purchasing Department and slammed the door.  Well, there wasnt anything else we could do but leave, so we left.  And I went back up to the Senate and in about ten minutes, Governor Griffin called and wanted me to come down to his office.  So I went down there.  He said, Hugh, what in the world is going on?  I said, Nothing Governor, except I took this purchasing order down there with my committee and asked them to let us see the bidders, and they would not show us the bids, and they would not even talk to us.  And in fact, they talked  the Purchasing Director talked rough to us, so we left.  And thats about  thats all there was to it.\"  He said, Well, we'll buy some red ones then. And I said, Well thats up to you what color you buy.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah.  John Deere being green. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yes.  Yeah.  But anyway, they  they had a bad time with the Purchasing Department and the Highway Department.  They had a lot of roads left that didnt come up. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well he ran on a platform of paving rural roads. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  But he did not retain Mr. Jim. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  No.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  He put somebody else in, Roger Lawson.  \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  I believe, and I don't know that Mr. Lawson knew a whole lot about building highways.  But anyway, during that period, Ernest Vandiver was Lieutenant Governor. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And Ernest Vandiver and Griffin managed to get into a big fight over the rural roads bill.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And it sort of split up the Legislature there for a while.  You were there.  Do you remember that? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I was there and I remember the fight, but Ernest Vandiver was trying to build rural roads in Georgia.  Thats what he wanted to do.  And, of course, transportation or Highway  Highway Department he called it then, they had certain roads they wanted to bid  build.  And they wanted to let them to contract like they had been doing, and which, according to the courts, were not  some of them were not very legal.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  So that  that brought them a lot of problems. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Then Vandiver runs for Governor and succeeds Griffin.  And Griffin had managed to find an opponent for Vandiver.  A fellow named Bill Bodenheimer.  Do you remember him? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah, I remember that. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  From Ty Ty, Georgia. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah, I remember it. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Vandiver won that race, you know, in a landslide, and he got to be Governor.  But he faced, Senator, some of the biggest problems that any Governor has had in Georgia for a long, long time.  He had a situation at the University of Georgia.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Integrating the University. That was a  that was a tough decision for him and the General Assembly to make.  And you were there.  Do you remember those days? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah, I do.  I think I had stated before, there were three governors, there was Vandiver, and there was Maddox, and there was Griffin.  There were some of them that really didnt believe in the  integrating the schools because they were just reared that way.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And, of course, you cant fight the courts.  When the Supreme Court rules -- or the high courts -- theres nothing you can do about that.  So Vandiver had -- I think you remember when he ran for office, he said  talking about integration, he said, \"No, not one.\" \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  That was a famous statement he made.  He would -- not one would integrate, but he had to apologize for that statement and back off of it, and abide by the law, which -- that was all you could do.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And finally there were several entered the University of Georgia, and -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  -- Have been many, many more since that time. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Then the Supreme Court says that our county unit system was unconstitutional. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  That created some problems. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right.  Well there  that was during the Vandiver administration, too.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Right. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And, of course, there again, the high court ruled that you had to hold elections by population -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  -- instead of by county unit systems. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  In the past, and Im sure you remember, Fulton -- Fulton had a certain amount three year  I believe three representatives. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Right.  Six units.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And a little county like mine had one.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And two units.  \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And one like Laurens up here had two, and that  they had them rationed out, Ill use that word, according to the population. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  The larger counties had more representation but not near what they would have if it had been on population basis.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  So the court ruled that you had to go by population basis.  And since that time, its been a  a different story in electing Governors.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:   And State officials. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Right after that then the court ruled that we had to reapportion our congressional and legislative districts in the State. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And that was another problem that Governor Vandiver had that he, I think, handed off to Carl Sanders, who had already been nominated Governor. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT: -- And Governor Sanders took over that reapportion.  But that reapportionment affected you and your district, didnt it? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah, it sure did.  I had normally been representing about four counties, and when they reapportioned like that, I had six.  And at one time later on, they  you know, the law says you had to reapportion every ten years. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And later on, when we reapportioned again, of course, the committees of the House and the committees of the Senate did it, and here you had to be within one or two percent of the population of the counties.  So, in order to do that, you had to split counties.  And at one time I think I had maybe seven counties and portions of four.  It made a world of difference in how you  how you operated. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  How did you pass local bills back then? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, there was no problem in that.  If I had a local bill and introduced it, or any other senator or representative, I think the majority of the House and Senate would join in with him.  In other words, if  if I wanted to represent Emanuel County in my district, and I introduced a local bill for Emanuel County, all I had to do was tell the rest of my cohorts that this was one of my district  a county in one  of my districts, and the majority of the people would support it.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Lets talk for a minute about the Senate of 1963.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Let me add one more thing about Ernest Vandiver.  I think hes the one that built the archives building for Georgia.  A 17-story building I believe, and we had records  state records scattered all over and around the capitol.  Some in the capitol and some in various departments and if you wanted to check on a certain item, sometimes you had a problem finding the records on it, but after the archive building was built, then all of them accumulated and assembled in that one building.  So you could go back to the archive building and look up any historical item you wanted to check on. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  But that was a great thing for Ernest Vandiver to do.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  The Senate of 63.  You were there.  A great group of people.  You were there.  President Carter was there.  J.B. Fuqua was there.  Zell Miller was there.  Quite a gathering of State senators.  Do you remember much about those days?   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Is that when Sanders was Governor? \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  His first -- \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah, I sure do.  Carl Sanders and Betty, his wife, and my wife and family, we were all close friends and we took a lot of trips together, and J.B. Fuqua was real close to Carl Sanders and we were close to them.  So we had a  they used to visit with me.  I had a  built a home down at Jekyll Island after we bought  M.E. Thompson bought Jekyll Island, which everybody said since then was the best buy the State of Georgia ever made.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  But anyhow, I built the first house down there.  Other than what the Yankees already had down there  the northern people, and Carl and J.B. and their wives would visit with me a lot down there.  And we took several trips around the country together.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Carl did a great job as  as Governor. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And, in fact, some people say he was the first Governor of the New South. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And I guess he had enough funds in the budget to do a lot of things the other Governors couldnt do. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  His Lieutenant Governor was, Peter Zack Geer, who history, unfortunately, has sort of passed by.  You knew Peter Zack very well.  Tell us a little bit about him. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Peter Zack was a great Lieutenant Governor, and one of the best presiding officers that I ever served under.  In fact, I believe, and Ive heard a lot of other people say he was the best presiding officer to ever hit that capital.  He knew the rulebook from top to bottom, and he didnt have to look up a rule.  And he presided over several joint sessions of the Legislature, and did an outstanding job.  In fact, he was presiding when we had the three-governor row.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And we  I had a lot of respect for him, and I was hoping he might get elected Governor, but for some reason or other, he couldnt get his campaign going right, and was defeated. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  But he was a good friend of mine.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  You have served under thirteen Governors.  \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Fourteen now.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Fourteen. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I told you the other day thirteen, but I wasnt thinking about it -- our present Governor. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I hadnt counted.  I counted the ones on the book.  Yeah.  But it didnt list the present Governor. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah.  Yeah.  Lets talk for a minute about some of them.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  All right, sir. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Of course, Gene Talmadge was Governor when you went --  \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  --To the Legislature in 1941.  He was succeeded by Ellis Arnall.  Weve talked a little bit about him.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Arnall was actually succeeded by Melvin Thompson.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  We talked about that. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Then after Thompson, there was Talmadge.  \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Was who? \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Talmadge.  In 1948 Talmadge defeated Melvin Thompson for Governor. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And then was elected to a full four year term, so he was there six years. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And weve talked about Talmadge.  Then there was Griffin, we mentioned him.  Then there was Vandiver, we mentioned him.  Then Sanders.  And then it comes up to 1946, when we had another Governor misunderstanding when Lester Maddox got the Democratic nomination.  Bo Calloway was the Republican candidate.  We had an election.  Nobody won.  It went to court.  It came back to the Legislature, and the Legislature elected the Governor -- Lester Maddox.  Do you remember that debate?  \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I sure do.  Lester Maddox is the only Governor weve had that never had much education.  I dont think he ever went past 8th or 10th grade, or somewhere along that, but he worked all his life.  In fact, he had to, I think, to help support his family, and as far as I know, Lester Maddox was honest and if he ever mistreated -- I don't want to say mistreated -- if he ever tried to take something that wasnt his --  after he got in the State government, he never tried to move anything that would benefit himself.  He ran the State of Georgia for the people of the State of Georgia.  In fact, he created Peoples Day in the Capitol, and every Friday afternoon, and -- they would  when the legislature wasnt in session probably all day Friday.  But anyway, he would listen to the public.  Anybody could come and talk to him, and he had his department handy where they could  hed turn them over to them if they had a problem that the department head could solve, and he did everything he could to try to represent the people of Georgia.  And another thing he did was appoint people to office that he thought would do the best job regardless of whether they supported him or not.  He was one of the few Governors that did that, so I enjoyed serving with Lester.   \r\nI was president pro-tem while he was Governor.  And Ill tell you something else, he was always on time.  And when the time came for the gavel to fall, he was there, except one morning, and we kept waiting around then and waiting and finally he never did come, and I said, Well, I being pro-tem, Ill go up there and get the preliminaries over with.\"  Roll call, committee reports and various things you have to do before you go into passing legislation, and I did.  And finally he came in and he eased in back of me and sat down, and I thought hed been sick.  And finally I got a chance to turn around from the podium and talk to him.  I said, Governor, you been sick?  He said, No.  The house passed a bill for a two cent sales tax in Atlanta, and I stayed up all night, nearly, figuring on that, and thats  that was twice more than they need, and I went by the Mayors office and talked to him about it, and he agreed with me, that it was twice more than they needed.  So, when the bill comes over here at the House, I mean Senate, were going to amend it to 1%.  So we did, and sent it back to the House, and they agreed with us.  But he saved, right then, the people of Georgia in Atlanta -- well a lot of people in Georgia shop there -- millions of dollars, and not one word Ive ever seen in the newspaper about it to give him credit for it.  But I know personally hes the one that did it. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  A lot of people were apprehensive about Maddox when he was elected, but he turned out  he fooled them.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He sure did.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  He fooled them.  He made a good Governor.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I never saw a man in my life love his wife any more than he did.  He would write me a letter and the first or second paragraph hed say something about his dear wife, Virginia, and how much he loved her.  And hes one of the few that left office, as far as I know, broke. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He had a lot of family trouble with his children and one thing and another, and he had some health problems.  And I also dont believe he ever took in any extra money that people offered him much.  So when he left office, I think he was broke.  In fact, the other Governors, Carl Sanders and different Governors got together and George Busbee and Barnes and they all raised a bunch of money to give to him to help pay him out of debt.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  1966, during that period when we had no Governor-elect, the state legislature decided it was going to become independent.  And, led by speaker George L. Smith, they  they did that.  But as I have observed the General Assembly over the years, I found  I found the Senate to always be independent. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  [Laughs].  Well, most of the time they were, Id have to admit.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah.  Now, you served on a number of committees in the Senate:  Natural Resources, Appropriations, and all of the key big committees, which one was your favorite? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, I was chairman of the Natural Resources and Environmental Quality for 24 years.  And, of course, that included Forestry, which we are really interested in personally in our area, and as far as that goes statewide, its one of the biggest industries we have in the State of Georgia.  And the environment, and you see something in the paper everyday about the environment nearly, and something  you have to have rules and regulations to control.  And a lot of those things came up before my committee and we had study committees to look into it and people would recommend what we ought to do and we came up with legislation that tried to solve a lot of those problems.  And I enjoyed that.  If you asked me which committee I enjoyed the most, that was it.  Now, as far as getting something done is concerned, I was chairman of the Appropriations Committee for many years, and we -- we did a lot of work in that.  Appropriating funds for -- as far as that goes, for education, and our colleges and all of our  all of our institutions, and departments.  It was a job; Ill tell you that now.  The chairman of Appropriations Committee is no easy job.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well, being a legislator is almost a full time position, isnt it? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well it is, especially when you represent an area like I have.  I was rather amused, theres one Senator up there never had a town in his district.  Hes out there in the urban area of Atlanta and nothing but residences, and I couldnt hardly believe that, because down here you've got to go to Dublin, you've got to go to the Chamber of Commerce, you've got to go to all these various clubs and this, that, and the other.  Same thing over there in Emanuel.  Same thing in Toombs.  They keep you busy all the time. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Full time. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yes, sir.  And if you dont go, then theyll say, \"Well, he dont think much about us.\"  Thats a good way to lose elections.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well, you never had much serious opposition.  The only time I can recall is in 1972, I believe it was, when you had an opponent. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  A strong opponent that was  that you defeated, but it was, you know, a fairly close election, wasnt it? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  That was when Carter had him  Cecil Passmore running. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Cecil Passmore. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And there was a black fellow in that race too, from  from Dublin.  See, there were two from Lawrence County running, and myself.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And I had the most votes. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Of the three, but I didnt majority, so we had a run off, and the black candidate went with me, and we defeated Mr. Carters candidate.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Why was Mr. Carter interested in having an opponent for you?   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, I don't know.  I told you earlier a story, which I wont quote any more about it, but that was one of the reasons, I guess-- because we didnt support him.  My father didnt support him, and, of course, I never went against my father in politics.  So Carter knew I didnt vote for him and he didnt  he didnt have to do me a lot of favors, but I was not going to sit up there and see him abolish the Forestry Department, one of the best departments we had in Georgia and  and harm our Natural Resources Department.  I didnt want to do that.  So, that was the main disagreement we had. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Otherwise you got along fine? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Oh yeah. Yeah, if I were to see him right now, hed come up and hug me.  Glad to see me and so forth, you know.  I got nothing against him personally.  His wife is a good lady.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Lets talk for a minute about reorganization under Governor Carter.  His reorganization plan met with some pretty strong opposition in the Senate headed by the Lieutenant Governor, Lester Maddox, and they had quite a battle back and forth over that  over the reorganization plan.  What really were they fighting about? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, Bob, you asked me something now, and I cant give you an exact answer on it.  But the main thing in my opinion was that it was cutting out a lot of the Senators districts, taking away a lot of their leading candidates and given them to somebody else.  It was not a map that we agreed with at all. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  So that  and, of course, Lester  Governor Maddox, went along with the leadership in the Senate on it. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Well we talked about the Governors you've served with.  Lets talk for a minute about some of the Lieutenant Governors.  We mentioned Peter Zack, Garland Byrd was one. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Garland did a good job.  He was a good presiding officer and as far as I know, we had no problems in the Senate as long as Garland was our presiding officer.  I enjoyed working with him.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And he once decided to run for Governor, but withdrew-- \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  --The year that Carl Sanders was elected.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Now lets talk about a fellow who was Lieutenant Governor of Georgia for sixteen years.  That's a long time. \r\n \r\n \r\nGILLIS: [Laughs] \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Of course, thats Zell Miller. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Ol' Zell Miller. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Zell Miller \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yes, sir. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  You and Zell were friends. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yes, sir.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Tell me about him. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, Zell was -- as you know, was an educator.  He was born and reared at Young Harris and his father taught school at Young Harris College.  And after Zell got out of college, he went into the Marines, and he came back out of the Marines and I never will forget him.  He ran for the Senate and got elected and when he came over to the Senate, he had a little  he still had a little Marine crew cut, just like he had in the Marines.  And he retired out of the Marines as a sergeant, and you know he had to be tough -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  [Laughs] \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  -- Back then to be a sergeant, especially in the Marines, because they were  they were some kind of organization.  And Zell really, I thought, after he served in the Senate, he learned all about State Government and so forth and he knew what he wanted to do, and he was a strong  promoter of education and -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He, every move he made, it was, in my opinion, for the betterment of the state government of Georgia.  He made an outstanding Lieutenant Governor and Governor. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  That was a period of time when there was a lot of battle between Speaker Murphy and Miller over issues.  Do you remember any of those? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, to begin with, they cooperated and worked together.  But for some reason or other, later on during the years they got  had problems with one  some legislation, and, of course, Murphy didnt take no for an  maybe for an answer.  He had a yes or a no, and hed tell you right quick what he thought about you.  So I imagine he told Zell what he thought about him and then wound up their friendship.  But, Zell didnt back up.  He held his ground, too.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And after awhile there they would compromise and come together and solve the problem.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well, tell me if this is not true.  Legislative politics is different from other politics in that your success in legislating law is coalition building  putting people together.  One day your  your opponent on a piece of legislation might be your biggest ally the next day.  Isnt that true?  Dont you find that true? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Thats true.  And that was  that was  if you want to know my  my main asset in the Senate was getting a coalition of friends.  And most of the time I could go around on one side and see two or three at once  my close friends, and they would spread the word and go on the other side, the same way, and they would spread the word, and we had a  we stayed together.  And for instance, I never will forget  you remember Hodge Timmons? \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Hodge Timmons, oh yes. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Was in the Senate and our formal Lieutenant Governor from Albany --   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mark Taylor \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  -- Mark Taylor came up there into the Senate and he was sitting by Hodge on the opposite side of the Senate from me, and he turned to Hodge and he said, Hodge, how do you know how to vote on all these bills?  They all of them different, or something, different things, different times, different this.  He said, Senator, aint no problem at all.  He said, You see that bald headed man sitting right over there on the other side?\" \r\n \r\nSHORT:  [Laughs] \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He said, Yeah, he said, when he holds up his hand, you hold up your hand.  [Laughs] \r\n \r\nSHORT:  [Laughs].  Well, thats good advice.  Now, lets talk for a minute about some more Governors.  Joe Frank Harris was in the Legislature for many years as chairman of the Appropriations Committee.  Were you  were you chairman of the Senate Committee at the same time? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Thats right.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  You all got along pretty well together? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Real good. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  What do you think of Joe Frank as a Governor? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Joe Frank was  and his wife  were the most religious people that ever came to the Legislature, in my opinion.  For instance, before he was sworn in as Governor, he had a service over at the Methodist Church an hour prior to his being sworn in.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And he never, in my opinion -- I never heard him use a bad word in my life, and he always considered doing the right thing.  He was a topnotch governor. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And as far as I know, he hadnt had a problem, but he was  he and his wife were good people. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  His opponent in the Democratic primary was a gentleman from near here, Bo Ginn, who is a former congressman.  \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And he was a very strong opponent.  And Joe Frank managed to win that and most people think it was because he went on the air in a statewide radio broadcast promising no new taxes.  Now that was years ago, but I think thats a pretty good campaign slogan, dont you? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  No doubt about it.  No doubt about it.  In fact thats about the best way I know of to get beat is to campaign around and tell them you are going to raise the taxes. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah.  And then there was Roy Barnes, who I guess served with you in the Senate. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Oh, yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And he was elected Governor.  How was he? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Roy was a good Senator, and did a good job representing his district and I thought did a good job as Governor, but he didnt serve but one term, and that was it.  He was a friend of mine and I got along with him real good.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Also, another one of your fellow Senators is Sonny Purdue, who was elected Governor -- who defeated Barnes. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Purdue was President Pro-Tem of the Senate. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  As a Democrat. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And then he switched parties. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  What did you think of that? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I didnt criticize him any, because at that particular time I was  I would vote with the Republicans occasionally.  Their floor leader would come around and ask me to vote with them.  If it was a good bill, Id vote with them, I mean, but we had a lot of Democrats that just voted right down the line against everything that Republicans proposed.  Well, sometimes they had good bills.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And for instance, one time Sonny had a bill that was a good bill and the Democrats wanted me to propose the bill because it was a good bill, and it was Sonnys bill. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  So, I couldnt turn them down, but what I did, I went around and told Sonny.  I said, Sonny, Im going to have to present your bill, but you can follow me and you come up there and give me hell and you can give the ones that set up the agenda for the day all the trouble you want to.  But I said, \"It wasnt any of my business.  Im going to present the bill and its going to pass.\" \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Because its a good bill.  And you can follow me and what I dont talk about the bill, you can finish telling and then, like I say, you can give us trouble about it if you want to.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  But so Sonny did.  He followed me and he told them what all was in the bill and then he lit in on the leadership, and when he got through, Mark Taylor said, \"Cry me a river.\"   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Oh, that famous statement? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Came back to haunt him.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Weve talked about Governors.  We talked about Lieutenant Governors, and now with your permission, Id like to talk about some other famous Georgia characters who served in the legislature, like Culver Kidd. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Culver was a character, Im telling you.  I enjoyed serving with him, but you never knew what he was going to do.  He would  might tell you something one time and do the other, but he wasnt  he wasnt doing it just for the fun of it.  He was doing it for just  just didnt, you couldnt place him a lot of times.  But he really enjoyed his service in the Legislature.  And he did a good job, Ill have to say, for Baldwin County and Milledgeville and the state facilities, and he was always supporting them.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Now, Senator, Id like to ask you about Leroy Johnson.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Leroy.  Well, he was a good friend of mine.  He sure was.  And we worked together.  I might tell you this story.  I might not need to repeat it, but anyway, he -- the press found out about Leroy and me were good friends, and they wanted a picture of Leroy and me shaking hands.  Leroy had some special bill.  I don't know what it was, but I told him Id help him with it.  So that morning I came in to sit down at my desk and there was this photographer right in front of me on the floor with his camera trained right on me -- on my desk.  So, Nathan Dean was sitting by me and I said, Nathan, go back there and tell Leroy, if he wants to see me, I'll meet him in the bathroom, so  and not come down here.  So he sat there the whole session and, of course, Leroy never came.  [Laughs] \r\n \r\nSHORT:  [Laughs] \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And after the session, this photographer came over to me.  He said, Senator, I want to get a picture of you shaking hands with Senator Johnson.  Would you come back in the back and shake hands with him?  And I said, No.  Is said, You been sitting there all the morning trying to get that picture.  You aint going to get it now, either.  See, they wanted to put a big story in the paper about that, and I dont know what they were going to say about it.  You never know and all. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I just told Leroy Id help him with his bill, whatever it was.  I went over to the  to the baseball game what afternoon, and had a ticket on this back of the third base line, and I was going down the hole on the second floor of the  wherever its booths are -- going to my seat, and ran into Leroy.  That was after he got out of the Senate.  You know, he was manager of that stadium and, \"Hey, Senator, where you going?\"  I said, \"Im going to my seat down here back of the third base.\"  He said, No youre not.  You're going to sit in my box right down here in the third door on the left.  And any time you come over here in a ball game, dont you get a seat, you come to my box.  You can sit there anytime you want to.  Of course, I didnt go back to any ball games much, I dont think.  But anyway, I sat there and enjoyed the ball game, but he was a fellow, if you did him a favor, hed do you a favor.  I mean, hes just that kind of fellow.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And I think the people in his district liked him, as far as I know.  \r\n  \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Yeah, he was reelected.  He ran for mayor of Atlanta though and was defeated. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, thats a different deal.  The whole city of Atlanta.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Thats true.  Thats true.  Tell me about Bobby Rowan. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Bobby was a good, close friend of mine.  We always worked together.  He and Frank Harris and -- he was, of course -- served in the Senate, you know, several years, and then was a lobbyist, and I guess still is. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  As far as I know. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well, he also was elected to the Public Service Commission. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right.  Public Service Commissioner.  If I wanted  happened to want something or I wanted to find out something through that organization, all I had to do was call Bobby.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  So, he was like Leroy.  Hed return a favor.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Are there any other Senators you served with that you would like to talk about? \r\n \r\nGILLIS: Well, I had a lot of good friends in the  in the Senate, and they were good people.  Nathan Dean, for instance, sat right by me and Ronnie Bowen, and they were all good people and did a good job representing their district.  Al Holloway was a good  we already mentioned him -- was a good friend, a good Senator.  I could name a lot of them, but I always got along real good in the Senate with  had no problems in particular.    \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I dont think I ever lost a bill.  Never lost one.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Thats another record that will never be broken.  Well, come to think of it, we hadnt mentioned that you served 55 years and 7 months.  How did it come out for the 7 months there. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, thats easy to explain, we talked about reapportionment before and the last time we reapportioned was 205  204 and I was in the Senate and Senator Williams down here, a Republican from Lyons, Georgia, was sort of  he drew up the map for the Republicans, and there again, he was a good friend of mine.  And he came over and asked me how I wanted my district drawn, and I told him, and we made some changes and some  some he couldnt make.  But anyhow, he drew up a map that was real good as far as I was concerned, and it passed the Senate by a big majority.  And we sent it over to the House and they never would even take it up.    \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Never would, and they never would send us a map to vote on, so there was nothing could be done except turn it over to the courts.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And they said if we didnt do it by a certain day, then they were going to do it.  And that day came and they took it over.  And taking it over, they did not want any advice from any of us.  They were going to do the reapportion.  And it wasnt any use for me to go tell them how that I wanted my district or how to do it, so I never got  never had any communication with them whatsoever and I don't know if some of them  some people might, but I don't know who it was.  But they drew completely new districts -- district lines.  Put me in the district with Senator Hill. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  A good friend of mine from down at Reedsville.  And he was chairman of the Appropriations Committee and always helped me with appropriations and while I was  we were in there together.  In fact, I served with his daddy.  I don't know whether you ever knew him or not.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Wilton. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He later became head of the school drivers association.  School Bus Drivers.  And we were good friends.  He sat by me.  So I had no intention of running against Jack Hill, and happened to run into the Governor down here in Vidalia at a meeting, and he said, \"Hugh, I want to talk to you.\"  And I said, \"All right.  Come on and ride back.\"  He was going to Dublin to another meeting.  \"Come on and ride with us in the van and Ill talk to you on the way up there.\"  So, I got on the van with him and Senator Hill and Senator from down there at Lyons, and two or three representatives were already in the van.  And he started up the conversation before we got back to Soperton and wanted to know how wed like to serve on the Ports Authority. \r\nI said, \"Well, Governor.  I've got no intention of running for the Senate anymore.  I served my time and Im in a new district and I certainly dont want to run against Senator Hill.\"  He said, \"Well how about me appointing you on the Ports Authority?\"  I said, \"Well, that would be great.  I think its a great organization and doing an outstanding job and I think I would enjoy that.\"  He said, \"Well this  thats how the seven months comes in, see?\" \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  He said, \"Well, Ill go back and appoint you now.\"  I said, \"No.  I want to go to the last national convention, which is going to be the last of June, and out in Salt Lake City.\" \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  \"And soon as I come back from Salt Lake City, Ill come down to your office and you can swear me in.\"  And he said, \"Well, thatll be fine.\"  So thats the way it came in. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Thats the seven months. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  See, the legislation was over.  Wasnt anything else I could do for my constituents particularly except make calls, and I still do that. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  They call me quite often right now and want me to  in fact, I had a fellow stop me out at Meiers today. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Wanting me to call the university over at Augusta and one at Mercer to try to get one of his friends in the med school, so you dont ever get over it.  You have to  theyll call you right on. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well, weve talked about politics for a long time.  Now, lets talk about Hugh Gillis.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  [Laughs] \r\n \r\nSHORT:  You were born right here in Soperton. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Thats a bad subject. [Laughs] \r\n \r\nSHORT:  That's a great subject. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  You were born right here in Soperton? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Out here in the country, oh, four miles from Soperton. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Grew up here.  What was it like then? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, it was an entirely -- like I said, different situation.  I told you, we had no paved roads.  Id seen cars bogged down in on the street in Soperton.  And I came up -- we were on the farm and I came up, what you call  might call the hard way of farming.  I plowed a lot of mules.  I used to come to town when I  before I could even plow and bring  Id pull up peanuts on Friday, pick them all Friday afternoon and have them boiled Saturday morning and bring them to town on a bale of cotton.  Ride on top of a bale of cotton on the wagon and come up to town here and sell them on the street, and if I  nickel a bag, and if I made me $2.00 or a $1.50, I was rich.   \r\nAnd then -- was farming right on, and on Saturdays, my uncle, Jim Peterson, owned a grocery store and dry goods store combined.  Dry goods on one side and grocery on the other.  And I worked in the grocery store on Saturdays and started in the morning, early Saturday morning, and back then, everybody came to town on Saturday.  Had nothing else to do.  So the streets would be crowded with people walking up and down the streets and theyd come to town on their wagons and shop, and by 10:00 wed close Saturday night.  Then we had to sweep the sidewalks, and clean out the store.  Id get home about 11:00 on Saturday night.  When I went off to college, I had money in the bank that I had made the so-called hard way working on the farm and in the grocery stores and Id also load up my pony and little wagon I had with watermelons or cantaloupes, or whatever we had out there and bring them to town, peddle them out, 15 cents, quarter a piece, whatever.  I came up working and trying to make some  enough funds to go to college on.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  So you went over to the University of Georgia.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, I went to GMC first. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  GMC? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yeah.  I graduated from Truetlen High School, here.  Eleventh grade, and then I went on to twelfth grade back then.  Went on to GMC for one year. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Uh-huh. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And Georgia three years.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And majored in agriculture? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Majored in agriculture and came back home and went to farming.  Then went to politicking. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Politics.  Did you join your familys business back then, or do  did you start on your own? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I joined the family business.  I was working for daddy the whole time. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Uh-huh.  Yeah.  Well, tell us a little bit about your  your company, Gillis Ag and Timber.  \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, its originally from my business here, I could say when I was farming with mules, and then I brought the first tractors into the county to farm with.  Some people said you couldnt plow with them, but we did, and we showed people we could.  And I set up a John Deere agency here and then I had a Pontiac agency for about ten years, and that was Gillis Brothers.  That was my brother and me, but he had nothing to do with it.  I ran it all.  In fact, he didnt ever come over here hardly.  And then that Gillis Brothers, Union Camp started in  really in the pulpwood business in Savannah. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And I had a dealer here in Soperton, Jimmy Lawton.  And Jimmy passed away and his wife took it over, and she  she did not  didnt want  didnt operate it and the Union Camp crowd wanted me to take it over, which I did, and thats where Gillis Ag and Timber came in.  We had agriculture, with tractors and so forth, and what we did was have pulpwood operators bringing in pulpwood up here into a pulpwood yard on the railroad. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And we would ship it by the car  car load -- open car, you know. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  To Savannah.  And that was Gillis Ag and Timber. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And that's the way that started. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  And youve been operating it all these years? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I did until I  when I went to the Legislature and my son, Hugh, got out of university he had always farmed with us and worked with us, and anything I was doing he was doing and so forth.  He knew everything that I did so I turned it over to him.  And then he has a son named Ben, and Ben is in there now, I think.  He and Ben operate Gillis Ag and Timber. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  They work with International Paper.  You know, I think I told you before.  Union Camp sold out to International. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And they didnt  they didnt want to do all the office work and they  you have to supervise these loggers, because theres certain rules and regulations and --  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  --If you dont abide them, theyll take you  take your license away from you.  So we have to  we have to supervise and see that everything is done according to the rules. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Do you saw your own timber or do you buy it? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Both.  Both.  We have about 8 timber cruisers and they go out and cruise timber and different companies will bid on it and if were the low bidder  the high bidder, then we move  we move one of our loggers on it. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  We have one of our own personal logging operations called Soaps and Naval Store.  Thats what the name of our turpentine company was that we had.  The Chinese put us out of business as far as making rosin and turpentine. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Theres no more of that going on.   Langleys, you know was the largest in the country. We were probably second, but theres not going on at the present time.  So, we still have a logging operation of our own, and we call it Soaps and Naval Stores and some of our farming operation is still operating under that name. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  So you have a son, Hugh, Jr.  You have another son and a daughter. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yes, sir.  I have a son that was recently sworn in as a Superior Court Judge.  He was a state court judge this county and Governor Purdue swore him in about, oh, four or five months ago as a Superior Court Judge. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And my daughter married down in Adel, Georgia.  Married E. J. Harris.  E.J. Harris.  Hes with the Vo-Tech schools. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  In fact, hes a supervisor.  Hes been operating one at  for a while now at Valdosta, and not they got him sort of moving from one  about three different ones, sort of supervising and operating.  And Jean Marie, my daughter, is teaching kindergarten.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And shes been teaching now almost 20 years. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  I want you to think about this, Senator.  If you had your career to do over again, would you do anything differently? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I dont believe so.  I dont know what else Id like to do.  Like I say, I was born and reared here and if Id have picked another vocation, Id have probably had to leave this country, go to Atlanta or some other state.  Ive always been happy living right here and socializing with people in our territory. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  So you never thought about running for a State office? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  No, sir.  Theres a lot of people that asked me about running for Congress and I told them I wouldnt run  wouldnt run  I wouldnt go to Washington if they gave me the Capitol up there. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Okay.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I just never had a desire to do that.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well, you are certainly an icon in Georgia politics and -- \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, Ive enjoyed it and I give my family credit for it.  I couldnt have done it, you know, without my daddy.  He was always a good advisor, and knew a lot of people in the area, district, and, of course my  when we had a campaign, my wife, Jean, she always organized a group of ladies and they  they went from town to town giving out cards and my daughter, Jean Marie, belonged to a group called the Gillis Girls and they were about ten or twelve years old and they came  theyd go into a town like Mt. Vernon down here. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And had on little Gillis Girl hats and little jackets and a handful of cards and they go in every store and give out my cards and ask them all  everybody they give a card to, ask them to vote for me.  So Id have to give me family a lot of credit for my success. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  What was your proudest moment? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Proudest moment?  I guess that the termination of some of these elections.  I dont know.  I wouldnt pick a certain one, but going back that way, lets see  the birth of some of my children, would certainly, certainly be among the tops. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And my marriage to  I had a great marriage to Jean.  We lived together about 40 years.  Had a lot of good times together and now, I  after she passed away I married Montez Champion, and she was working in Atlanta at the Radisson Hotel up there and we met and became friends and we been married 7 years now and we get  had a lot of good experiences together.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Has anything ever disappointed you? \r\n \r\nGILLIS: Well, thats a good question, Bob.  I guess I would have to say that when the election we were talking about when Jimmy Carter was Governor and I had a run off, that was  it was disappointing to have to have  to be involved in a run off.    \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  All the rest of them I won on the first ballot. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  One last question. \r\n \r\nHUGH GILLIS:  Yes, sir. \r\nSHORT:  What advice would you give a young political hopeful, who wants to become a public official? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, and the main thing he has to do is meet the people, and when I say meet the people, you cant  you cant tell a fellow, no Im not going to do this.  Or I guess it cant be done.  You always got to tell them youll help them if you can.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  And do it if you can.  Thats another thing.  A lot of times, in fact, I had a fellow out at my house yesterday checking on a problem out there and I never  I hadnt seen him in 15 or 20 years and he said, \"You got me a job one time.\"  I dont remember it, but I guess that I might have, but you cant  you cant turn people down, and you got to get out and work at it.  You cant just announce for office and stay at  stay put.  You've got to get involved. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well, I said final question, but I have one more. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Yes, sir? \r\n \r\nSHORT:  How would you like to be remembered? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Hmm.  As a good  good public servant.  Good public servant.  And as an honest public servant.  I don't know of any other way to describe it.  I certainly wouldnt want to be remembered any other way as a bad  as a dishonest or a bad person. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well, youve certainly been a good public servant, and we thank you for sharing some of your experiences with us here today.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, Ive enjoyed it and I appreciate you all coming down and, if you need any other information that I can supply or give, Ill be glad to do it.  Like I told you  told you earlier, though, and I dont mind repeating it, Im 89, be 90 in about September the sixth. Your memory is not as good now as it used to be.    \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  So, Ive tried to answer your questions and some times maybe in a round about way, but it was because I couldnt remember something, but -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Well, you did great, and we appreciate it. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, we try.  Lets put it that way.  Thats another thing.  You cant  cant do, I cant say no.  You have to try as hard as you can. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Would you talk a little bit about political parties? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, I think I stated before that while I was in the Senate, I voted with the Republicans occasionally because if they had a good bill, I saw no reason why not to vote for it.  No reason to sit there and just vote no, when you know its  youre not going to accomplish anything.  Its going to pass anyhow, so Im  I dont understand enough about this present national election to give you an honest opinion on it.  I don't know  I never heard of Obama until he announced, you know, a while back. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I dont  Im not a  born and reared a Democrat, and I guess Ill Democrat, but if  if I think a Republican is a better candidate, Im going to vote for a Republican. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Senator, some disenchanted Democrats in Georgia think the state party is controlled too much by minorities and labor unions at the expense of the rural old-line Democrats.  Do you think thats true? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, they have a lot of influence.  Theres no doubt about that.  But I know whether they control it.  Theres more people outside of those two groups than there is in it, so they couldnt control it all, but they are involved politically in a lot of races, but Im  there again, I dont think they control them. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Do you see a bright path for Democrats in the future, or do you think our state still is going to be Republican? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I dont necessarily see it.  I think if a good Democrat got out and campaigned enough and met enough people, hed get reelected  get elected.  Same way with a Republican.  If he got  gets out here and out does the other fellow, hes going to get elected.  People are not as much party concerned now as they used to be.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Way back yonder it was  and you and me have talked about it earlier  it was a flat Democrat deal in Georgia.  If you were a Republican, you were on the outside looking in.  But its not that way anymore, so -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Some states require registration by party.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Do you  do you support that?   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  No.  Not necessarily.  And if I did  if a Democrat  there again I dont think that means you would have to vote flat straight Republican ticket.  No I wouldnt support it if I had to just vote a ticket without concern for the other side. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I like to look  look at the candidate.  There're a lot of candidates in both organizations that are good people.  \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Well it seems the trend is that way.  That independents who are not devoted particularly to either party seem to be the -- seem to elect the candidates.  They look at  they look at the Republican; they look at the Democrat in the general election and they vote independently.   \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Right. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  But do you think that theres a place for a third party in Georgia? \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I dont think so.  If they did, theyd have a lot of work to do to ever succeed.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Yeah. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  I think that the trend in Georgia right now is for people to vote for the candidate regardless of what he is, even though he might be an independent.   \r\n \r\nSHORT:  Mm-hmm.  Okay.  Good.  Okay, Senator, I thank you very much. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  Well, I appreciate you all coming down, and I didnt  dont know whether I -- \r\n \r\nSHORT:  You did good. \r\n \r\nGILLIS:  -- Gave you the right information or not. \r\n \r\nSHORT:  You did good. \r\n \r\n[END OF RECORDING] \r\n \r\n       "},{"id":"eoa_eoaa_h-1605","title":"Freedom Rides","collection_id":"eoa_eoaa","collection_title":"Encyclopedia of Alabama","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Calhoun County, Anniston, 33.65983, -85.83163","United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249","United States, Alabama, Montgomery County, 32.22026, -86.20761","United States, Alabama, Montgomery County, Montgomery, 32.36681, -86.29997","United States, Southern States, 33.346678, -84.119434"],"dcterms_creator":["Eckelmann, Susan"],"dc_date":["2008-07-24"],"dcterms_description":["Encyclopedia article about the 1961 Freedom Rides, public bus trips undertaken by racially integrated groups through the Deep South to test the enforcement of a newly enacted court order prohibiting segregation in interstate bus terminals. 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