{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"noa_sohpcr_g-0026","title":"Oral history interview with Grace Towns Hamilton, July 19, 1974","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Hall, Jacquelyn Dowd","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798","United States, Southern States, 33.346678, -84.119434"],"dcterms_creator":["Hamilton, Grace Towns, 1907-1992"],"dc_date":["1974-07-19"],"dcterms_description":["Grace Towns Hamilton was born in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1907. She begins with a brief overview of her family history, describing her family's roots in Georgia and Virginia and her possible connection to a woman enslaved by Governor George Towns, the secessionist governor of Georgia from 1847 to 1851. By the time Hamilton was born, her mother and father had settled in Atlanta, where her father taught at Atlanta University. While her father was active at the university and the NAACP, Hamilton's mother focused on community activities, namely the Gate City Kindergarten Association. Hamilton recalls her childhood years with fondness, stressing the racially integrative nature of the Atlanta University community. In fact, it was not until she left Atlanta in 1927 to take a job with the YWCA in Columbus, Ohio, that she first became aware of racial segregation and discrimination. Hamilton had been actively involved with the YWCA during her college years at Atlanta University, and she explains how although the YWCA continued to have racially segregated conventions, the organization was more progressive than others during those years. She accepted the position in Ohio so that she could go to graduate school. Hamilton spent time in Memphis, Tennessee, during the 1930s and early 1940s. By 1943, she returned to Atlanta, where she soon became the director of Atlanta's branch of the Urban League. Hamilton held this position until 1960. She describes her focus on investigating inequalities in segregated education, on advocating for voter registration, and in providing access to housing for African Americans. In addition to discussing her extensive work with the YWCA and the Urban League, Hamilton also addresses her association with such organizations as the Southern Tenant Farmers Union and the Southern Regional Council, as well as her perception of and relationship with other leading activists of the era. Hamilton concludes the interview with a brief discussion of the sit-in movement of 1960 in Atlanta and her election to the Georgia state legislature in 1965.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Southern Regional Council","Women civil rights workers","Young Women's Christian associations","Women in politics--Georgia","African American women civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African American women legislators--Georgia","African Americans--Civil rights--Southern States","Civil rights movements--Southern States","African Americans--Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","Atlanta Urban League","Atlanta (Ga.)--Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Grace Towns Hamilton, July 19, 1974"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/G-0026/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Nov. 17, 2008).","Interview participants: Grace Towns Hamilton, interviewee; Mattie, interviewee; Jacquelyn Hall, interviewer.","Duration: 01:34:37.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Hamilton, Grace Towns, 1907-1992"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"int_jjhp_248822","title":"[Report of factura from La Cronica de Texas, Incorporated - July 26, 1974]","collection_id":"int_jjhp","collection_title":"John J. Herrera Papers","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Texas, Harris County, Houston, 29.76328, -95.36327"],"dcterms_creator":["La Cronica de Texas, Inc."],"dc_date":["1974-07-19"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/png"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["People--Ethnic Groups--Hispanics","Business, Economics and Finance--Communications--Newspapers","La Cronica de Texas, Inc.","Financial statements","Financial records"],"dcterms_title":["[Report of factura from La Cronica de Texas, Incorporated - July 26, 1974]"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Texas. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth248822/"],"dcterms_temporal":["1939/2019"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["reports"],"dcterms_extent":["2 p. ; 28 cm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Halsey, Marcus H.","Lozano, Manuel"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_abaker_2997","title":"Letter, 1974, Evelyn L. Kraus to Augusta Baker","collection_id":"suc_abaker","collection_title":"Augusta Baker papers, 1911-1998","dcterms_contributor":["Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, New York, New York County, New York, 40.7142691, -74.0059729"],"dcterms_creator":["Kraus, Evelyn L."],"dc_date":["1974-07-18"],"dcterms_description":["Letter from Evelyn L. Kraus, librarian at Columbia University's School of Library Service, to Augusta Baker, thanking Baker for donating her children's folklore collection to Columbia's children's collection."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, Ga. : University of South Carolina. South Caroliniana Library"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Augusta Baker Papers, 1911-1998"],"dcterms_subject":["Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998--Correspondence","African American women librarians","Children's librarians","African American librarians","Women librarians","Columbia University","Library schools--Faculty","Kraus, Evelyn L.--Correspondence"],"dcterms_title":["Letter, 1974, Evelyn L. Kraus to Augusta Baker"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["South Caroliniana Library","University of South Carolina. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://cdm17173.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/abaker/id/2997"],"dcterms_temporal":["1970/2026"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: Augusta Baker Papers, 1911-1998, Box 2, Folder 82. Accession 11770"],"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For further information please contact The University of South Carolina, South Caroliniana Library, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":["1 item"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Baker, Augusta, 1911-1998","Kraus, Evelyn L."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_a-0001","title":"Oral history interview with Richard Arrington, July 18, 1974","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Bass, Jack","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":["Arrington, Richard"],"dc_date":["1974-07-18"],"dcterms_description":["Richard Arrington, who three years after this interview would become the first African American mayor of Birmingham, Alabama, discusses race and politics in the American South and his nascent political career, which began with a seat on the Birmingham City Council. He describes a city where white elites are very concerned with controlling the kinds of African Americans who enter politics, but where young black politicians are managing to get a foothold in city politics. He hopes that the black presence will continue to increase in Alabama and that African American politicians can set aside their differences.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American politicians--Alabama","Alabama--Politics and government","Democratic Party (Ala.)","African American politicians--Alabama--Birmingham.","Alabama--Politics and government--1951-","Alabama--Race relations--Political aspects.","Birmingham (Ala.)--Politics and government"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Richard Arrington, July 18, 1974"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0001/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Duration: 00:47:23"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Wallace, George C. (George Corley), 1919-1998","Arrington, Richard"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_a-0021","title":"Oral history interview with Arthur Shores, July 17, 1974","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Bass, Jack","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":["Shores, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis), 1904-1996"],"dc_date":["1974-07-17"],"dcterms_description":["Birmingham politician Arthur Shores offers his thoughts on the intersection of race and politics in his home city. Shores sees significant progress in Birmingham since the violence of the 1960s, in part because of that violence, and sees Birmingham citizens increasingly voting based on their interests rather than their race. He also shares his opinion of George Wallace, whom he sees as a political opportunist.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American politicians--Alabama","Alabama--Politics and government","Democratic Party (Ala.)","African Americans--Political activity","Alabama--Race relations","Civil rights--Alabama","African Americans--Alabama--Birmingham--Political activity","Birmingham (Ala.)--Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Arthur Shores, July 17, 1974"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0021/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Duration: 00:57:07"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Wallace, George C. (George Corley), 1919-1998","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Shores, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis), 1904-1996"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_a-0006","title":"Oral history interview with U. W. Clemon, July 17, 1974","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Bass, Jack","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":["Clemon, U. W., 1943-"],"dc_date":["1974-07-17"],"dcterms_description":["Birmingham lawyer and politician U. W. Clemon describes his place in Birmingham politics and the city's continuing problems with race. Clemon discusses his membership on the Birmingham city council, the prospect of George Wallace joining the 1976 presidential slate, and his hopes for the influence of an increased number of African Americans in the state senate.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American politicians--Alabama","Alabama--Politics and government","Democratic Party (Ala.)","Alabama--Race relations","African American lawyers--Alabama","Birmingham (Ala.)--Politics and government","Birmingham (Ala.)--Race relations","Alabama--Politics and government--1951-","School integration--Alabama--Birmingham"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with U. W. Clemon, July 17, 1974"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0006/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Duration: 01:00:31"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Clemon, U. W., 1943-","Shores, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis), 1904-1996","Wallace, George C. (George Corley), 1919-1998"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn18183","title":"Black Liberation Army Implicated in 1971 Slaying of Policeman","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Elder, Walt","Slaton, Lewis, 1922-2002"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1974-07-16"],"dcterms_description":["Black Liberation Army Implicated in 1971 Slaying of Policeman","Reporter: Elder, Walt","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn18183"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Murder","Police","Attempted murder"],"dcterms_title":["Black Liberation Army Implicated in 1971 Slaying of Policeman"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn18183"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn18183"],"dcterms_temporal":["1974-07-16"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn18183, Black Liberation Army Implicated in 1971 Slaying of Policeman, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 2058, 7:13/08:39, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 mins., 26 secs.): color, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_g-0038","title":"Oral history interview with Emily S. MacLachlan, July 16, 1974","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Hall, Jacquelyn Dowd","Brinton, Hugh P. (Hugh Penn), 1901-","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Florida, Alachua County, 29.67476, -82.3577","United States, Florida, Alachua County, Gainesville, 29.65163, -82.32483","United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["MacLachlan, Emily S. (Emily Stevens), 1908-"],"dc_date":["1974-07-16"],"dcterms_description":["Emily MacLachlan grew up in Jackson, Mississippi, during the 1910s and 1920s. She begins the interview by briefly discussing her family history, and then turns her focus to her mother. The daughter of a Methodist minister and school teacher, MacLachlan's mother grew up in a household that espoused a liberal social gospel and relatively progressive views on race and social justice. While MacLachlan was a child, her mother focused primarily on raising her children and running her household (with the help at times of a handful of African American servants); however, in the 1930s she began to work more outside of the home as a social activist, primarily with Jessie Daniel Ames and the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching. MacLachlan explains how her mother (and other like-minded people of that generation) had a paternalistic approach towards solving problems of racial inequality and that the primary focus was on addressing racial violence and health problems rather than systemic problems. While MacLachlan's mother was advocating for an end to lynching in the South during the 1930s, MacLachlan had relocated to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where she earned a master's degree in sociology. MacLachlan's future husband also studied sociology at UNC, and she describes their work and life in Chapel Hill. MacLachlan explains her decision to stop work on her master's degree and to focus on raising her family instead of pursuing a career. She links this challenge to her upbringing and to social expectations of women. Later in life, however, MacLachlan did return to finish her graduate studies in sociology and to pursue a career following the unexpected death of her husband in the late 1950s. MacLachlan describes how she and her husband were drawn to radical politics and issues of social justice during the 1930s, their work with the U.S. Resettlement Administration and the Julius Rosenwald Fund in Georgia, and her brother's legal work for the civil rights movement in the 1960s. She concludes the interview with an addendum to the transcript that reiterates how women such as she and her mother faced unique hardships in balancing work, family, and social activism.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights--Mississippi","University of Florida. Dept. of Sociology","Women social reformers--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Women sociologists--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Social movements--Southern States","University of North Carolina (1793-1962)","Unemployed--Relocation--Georgia","Women social reformers--Mississippi","Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching","Women--Employment","Work and family"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Emily S. MacLachlan, July 16, 1974"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/G-0038/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Nov. 14, 2008).","Interview participants: Emily S. MacLachlan, interviewee; Jacquelyn Hall, interviewer; Hugh Brinton, interviewer.","Duration: 01:34:59.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["MacLachlan, Emily S. (Emily Stevens), 1908-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohp_g-0038","title":"Oral history interview with Emily S. MacLachlan, July 16, 1974","collection_id":"noa_sohp","collection_title":"Oral histories of the American South (Georgia selections)","dcterms_contributor":["Hall, Jacquelyn Dowd","Brinton, Hugh P. (Hugh Penn), 1901-","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Florida, Alachua County, 29.67476, -82.3577","United States, Florida, Alachua County, Gainesville, 29.65163, -82.32483","United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["MacLachlan, Emily S. (Emily Stevens), 1908-"],"dc_date":["1974-07-16"],"dcterms_description":["Emily MacLachlan grew up in Jackson, Mississippi, during the 1910s and 1920s. She begins the interview by briefly discussing her family history, and then turns her focus to her mother. The daughter of a Methodist minister and school teacher, MacLachlan's mother grew up in a household that espoused a liberal social gospel and relatively progressive views on race and social justice. While MacLachlan was a child, her mother focused primarily on raising her children and running her household (with the help at times of a handful of African American servants); however, in the 1930s she began to work more outside of the home as a social activist, primarily with Jessie Daniel Ames and the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching. MacLachlan explains how her mother (and other like-minded people of that generation) had a paternalistic approach towards solving problems of racial inequality and that the primary focus was on addressing racial violence and health problems rather than systemic problems. While MacLachlan's mother was advocating for an end to lynching in the South during the 1930s, MacLachlan had relocated to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where she earned a master's degree in sociology. MacLachlan's future husband also studied sociology at UNC, and she describes their work and life in Chapel Hill. MacLachlan explains her decision to stop work on her master's degree and to focus on raising her family instead of pursuing a career. She links this challenge to her upbringing and to social expectations of women. Later in life, however, MacLachlan did return to finish her graduate studies in sociology and to pursue a career following the unexpected death of her husband in the late 1950s. MacLachlan describes how she and her husband were drawn to radical politics and issues of social justice during the 1930s, their work with the U.S. Resettlement Administration and the Julius Rosenwald Fund in Georgia, and her brother's legal work for the civil rights movement in the 1960s. She concludes the interview with an addendum to the transcript that reiterates how women such as she and her mother faced unique hardships in balancing work, family, and social activism.","Title from menu page (viewed on Nov. 14, 2008).","Interview participants: Emily S. MacLachlan, interviewee; Jacquelyn Hall, interviewer; Hugh Brinton, interviewer.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights--Mississippi","University of Florida. Dept. of Sociology","Women social reformers--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Women sociologists--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Social movements--Southern States","University of North Carolina (1793-1962)","Unemployed--Relocation--Georgia","Women social reformers--Mississippi","Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching","Women--Employment","Work and family"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Emily S. MacLachlan, July 16, 1974"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/G-0038/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Text (HTML and XML/TEI source file) and audio (MP3); 2 files: ca. 192 kilobytes, 173 megabytes.","MP3 format / ca. 173 MB, 01:34:59"],"dlg_subject_personal":["MacLachlan, Emily S. (Emily Stevens), 1908-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_e-0012-3","title":"Oral history interview with Jim Pierce, July 16, 1974","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Finger, William R.","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Mecklenburg County, Charlotte, 35.22709, -80.84313"],"dcterms_creator":["Pierce, Jim, 1925-"],"dc_date":["1974-07-16"],"dcterms_description":["Jim Pierce grew up near Ponca City, Oklahoma, during the late 1920s and 1930s. Pierce begins by speaking briefly about his experiences growing up in Oklahoma, paying particular attention to his Cherokee heritage, his education, and his father's involvement in the AFL. Pierce describes how he attended \"anti-CIO\" meetings with his father during the 1930s, which piqued his interested in labor politics. During World War II, Pierce served in the Navy and developed a worldview that tilted his interest in the labor movement more towards the \"militant\" side he had been indoctrinated against as a child. Following the war, Pierce began to work for Western Electric, and by 1947, he had moved to Fort Worth, Texas. Along with his fellow workers, Pierce joined the small local union called the National Federation of Telephone Workers. Not associated with a national organizing force like the AFL or CIO, this small union was typical of organization for workers such as he during these years. Pierce participated in a six-week-long strike with his union in 1947. The workers were victorious and shortly thereafter they joined the CIO. Around that time, Pierce became a leader in the local union as a strategy to keep his company from transferring him away from his ill wife and their infant child. From there, Pierce joined the staff of the CIO and worked in Texas, organizing local unions for the CIO until 1954, when the merger with AFL occurred. Pierce's growing interest in the civil rights movement and his continuing adherence to the more radical principles of labor politics prompted him to go to work for the International Union of Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers (IUE) at that point. Pierce remained in Texas for several years, organizing locals for the IUE, before taking a more regional approach. During the late 1950s and early 1960s, Pierce spent much time organizing workers in Florida for IUE and relocated to Charlotte, North Carolina. During the 1960s, Pierce continued to work with IUE, but through the jurisdiction of the AFL-CIO's Industrial Union Department (IUD). From 1963 to 1968, Pierce was the regional director of the IUD's effort to organize textile workers in the Southeast. 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