{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"apm_radiofights_radiofightscr","title":"Radio Fights Jim Crow","collection_id":"apm_radiofights","collection_title":"Radio Fights Jim Crow","dcterms_contributor":["American RadioWorks","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["Smith, Stephen"],"dc_date":["2001"],"dcterms_description":["Web site companion to a radio documentary of the same name produced by American Radio Works. The site is divided into several sections, each documenting a significant radio program and providing selections of the show. The documentary in its entirety is also provided in three parts. The first section documents a twenty-eight-week series of programs aired in 1938 and 1939 that \"focused on a different ethnic group each week.\" In 1941 and 1942, a nine-part series explored black history and achievements in areas like music, science, industry, and sports.\" From 1944 to 1957, New World A'Coming was broadcast on a radio station in New York and showcased the work of African Americans before expanding to include other minority groups. Finally, Destination Freedom, which aired between 1948 and 1950 in Chicago, \"showcased prominent characters and events in black history, while also examining contemporary political issues.\" The site also contains a slide show and a list of related resources.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Segregation--United States","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Civil rights","Civil rights--United States","Civil rights movements--United States","Race discrimination--United States","United States--Race relations","Race relations","African Americans--Violence against","Radio--United States"],"dcterms_title":["Radio Fights Jim Crow"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["American Public Media"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://americanradioworks.publicradio.org/features/jim_crow/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["instructional materials","sound recordings","documentaries and factual works","black-and-white photographs","slide shows"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"apm_remembering_rememberingcr","title":"Remembering Jim Crow","collection_id":"apm_remembering","collection_title":"Remembering Jim Crow","dcterms_contributor":["Ellis, Kate","Aslanian, Sasha","American RadioWorks","National Endowment for the Humanities","Duke University. Center for Documentary Studies"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["Smith, Stephen"],"dc_date":["2001"],"dcterms_description":["Web site companion to a radio documentary of the same name produced by American Radio Works. The site includes several slideshows documenting segregation, African American families, and segregated communities. It also contains interview excerpts and information about segregation laws from around the country.","Remembering Jim Crow is produced in cooperation with the Center for Documentary Studies at Duke University, and its Behind the Veil oral history project.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Segregation--United States","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Civil rights","Civil rights--United States","Civil rights movements--United States","Race discrimination--United States","United States--Race relations","Race relations","African Americans--Violence against"],"dcterms_title":["Remembering Jim Crow"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["American Public Media"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://americanradioworks.publicradio.org/features/remembering/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["sound recordings","photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"wsu_croh_minnix","title":"Samuel Minnix describing Spokane civil rights rally on March 26, 1965","collection_id":"wsu_croh","collection_title":"Civil Rights Oral History Interviews","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Washington, Spokane County, 47.62064, -117.40401","United States, Washington, Spokane County, Spokane, 47.65966, -117.42908"],"dcterms_creator":["Minnix, Samuel"],"dc_date":["2001"],"dcterms_description":["Sam Minnix describes the scene during a civil rights demonstration at the Spokane County Courthouse, Friday, March 26, 1965.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Civil Rights Oral History Interviews, Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, Washington State University, Spokane, Wash."],"dc_relation":["Forms part of online collection: Civil Rights Oral History Interviews."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights--Washington (State)--Spokane","Demonstrations--Washington (State)--Spokane","Civil rights movements--Washington (State)--Spokane","Spokane (Wash.)--Race relations","Oral history--Washington (State)--Spokane","We shall overcome","Students--Washington (State)--Spokane","African American students--Washington (State)--Spokane","Signs and signboards--Washington (State)--Spokane","Civil rights workers--Washington (State)--Spokane","African American civil rights workers--Washington (State)--Spokane","Youth--United States"],"dcterms_title":["Samuel Minnix describing Spokane civil rights rally on March 26, 1965"],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["Washington State University. Library. Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://content.libraries.wsu.edu/digital/collection/cvoralhist/id/10"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["For permission to publish please contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections (509) 335-6691"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":null,"dcterms_extent":["audio/x-pn-realaudio"],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"wsu_croh_lofton","title":"Verda Lofton discusses her involvement as a young teenager in a 1965 civil rights march in Spokane","collection_id":"wsu_croh","collection_title":"Civil Rights Oral History Interviews","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Washington, Spokane County, 47.62064, -117.40401","United States, Washington, Spokane County, Spokane, 47.65966, -117.42908"],"dcterms_creator":["Lofton, Verda"],"dc_date":["2001"],"dcterms_description":["Verda Lofton discusses her involvement as a young teenager in a March 26, 1965 civil rights march in Spokane, Washington. She also talks about the effects participation in that march may have had on her later life.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Civil Rights Oral History Interviews, Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, Washington State University, Spokane, Wash."],"dc_relation":["Forms part of online collection: Civil Rights Oral History Interviews."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights movements--Washington (State)--Spokane","African Americans--Civil rights--Washington (State)--Spokane","Spokane (Wash.)--Race relations","Elementary schools--Washington (State)--Spokane","Oral history--Washington (State)--Spokane","Civil rights workers--Washington (State)--Spokane","Protest marches--Washington (State)--Spokane","African American teenagers--Washington (State)--Spokane","Demonstrations--Washington (State)--Spokane","Nonviolence--Washington (State)--Spokane","African American civil rights workers--Washington (State)--Spokane"],"dcterms_title":["Verda Lofton discusses her involvement as a young teenager in a 1965 civil rights march in Spokane"],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["Washington State University. Library. Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://content.libraries.wsu.edu/digital/collection/cvoralhist/id/17"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["For permission to publish please contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections (509) 335-6691"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":null,"dcterms_extent":["audio/x-pn-realaudio"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Lofton, Verda"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0549","title":"Oral history interview with Gloria Register Jeter, December 23, 2000","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Gilgor, Bob","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Jeter, Gloria Register, 1952-"],"dc_date":["2000-12-23"],"dcterms_description":["Gloria Register Jeter, who attended segregated and integrated public schools in Chapel Hill, recalls the damage visited on the black community by integration. Integration was a \"mess,\" she argues, pointing out that when black and white schools merged, black traditions often did not survive the process. Student protests managed to restore some of Lincoln High School's traditions to the new Chapel Hill High School, but according to Jeter, the legacies of institutionalized racism are permanent. This interview reveals some of the frustration black students felt during the integration process and their efforts to fix enduring inequalities in day-to-day academic life. Jeter tells the story of black students involved in a constant struggle for respect and recognition.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations","School integration--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Segregation in education--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Civil rights demonstrations--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African American students--Education (Secondary)--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African American students--Civil rights--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Upward bound math-science program"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Gloria Register Jeter, December 23, 2000"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0549/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Duration: 01:24:36"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Jeter, Gloria Register, 1952-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0273","title":"Oral history interview with Kong Phok, December 19, 2000","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Lau, Barbara (Barbara A.)","Sambimb, Somsak, Phramaha","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["Cambodia, 13.0, 105.0","United States, North Carolina, Guilford County, Greensboro, 36.07264, -79.79198"],"dcterms_creator":["Phok, Kong, 1976-"],"dc_date":["2000-12-19"],"dcterms_description":["Kong Phok fled the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia with his family when he was very young, eventually arriving in Greensboro, North Carolina, at the age of nine. In this interview, he recalls adjusting to his new life in the United States, describing some of the cultural differences he encountered. He describes his work at Guilford Mills before the plant's owners moved it to Mexico. He recounts his struggles with discrimination at the mill, which he soon overcame, eventually earning a promotion to production manager. Conscious of his own good fortune, he treated his workers fairly and with kindness. This interview offers an instructive, if brief, look at North Carolina's mill industry from a different perspective: that of a recent immigrant to the state. It also offers insights into a Cambodian-American's effort to find a balance between his loyalty to his birthplace and his devotion to his adopted homeland.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Cambodian Americans--North Carolina--Greensboro","Refugees--Cambodia","Cambodian Americans--Cultural assimilation--North Carolina--Greensboro"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Kong Phok, December 19, 2000"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0273/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on November 26, 2008).","Interview participants: Kong Phok, interviewee; Phramaha Somsak Sambimb, interviewee; Barbara Lau, interviewer.","Duration: 01:18:10.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Phok, Kong, 1976-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0270","title":"Oral history interview with Raleigh Bailey, December 6, 2000","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Lau, Barbara (Barbara A.)","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Guilford County, Greensboro, 36.07264, -79.79198"],"dcterms_creator":["Bailey, Raleigh, 1943-"],"dc_date":["2000-12-06"],"dcterms_description":["After earning a Ph.D. in human nature and religion, and inspired by the progressive political climate of the 1960s, Raleigh Bailey moved to Greensboro, North Carolina, where he began working to ease settlement for immigrants attracted to the area because of its healthy job market and receptive attitude toward new arrivals. In this interview, Bailey describes his devotion to social justice, which manifests itself in his family life, he adopted a biracial child and an Eskimo child, and his career, working on behalf of a variety of different ethnic groups from Southeast Asia and the service program AmeriCorps. This interview offers insights into ethnic and racial identity, community relations, and assimilation.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Immigrants--North Carolina","Vietnamese--North Carolina","Interracial adoption--North Carolina","Social reformers--North Carolina--Greensboro","Immigrants--Services for--North Carolina--Greensboro","Southeast Asian Americans--North Carolina--Greensboro","Americanization","Cultural pluralism--North Carolina--Greensboro"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Raleigh Bailey, December 6, 2000"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0270/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Dec. 12, 2008).","Interview participants: Raleigh Bailey, interviewee; Barbara Lau, interviewer.","Duration: 01:16:13.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Bailey, Raleigh, 1943-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0269","title":"Oral history interview with Ran Kong, November 25, 2000","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Lau, Barbara (Barbara A.)","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Guilford County, Greensboro, 36.07264, -79.79198"],"dcterms_creator":["Kong, Ran, 1980?-"],"dc_date":["2000-11-25"],"dcterms_description":["Ran Kong immigrated to Greensboro, North Carolina, from Cambodia when she was four, knowing little about her home country but less about her new one. She transitioned well, finding a balance between being an American resident and a Cambodian national. She learned English and performed well in school, but thrived at the Greensboro Buddhist Center, where she played with other Cambodians. She spent time with \"Americanized\" Cambodians, but her family maintained its ties to Cambodian culture. Even as she became the liaison between the non-English speaking Cambodian community and their American surroundings, escorting family members and others to doctor visits, or helping them figure out their health insurance, she maintained a strong connection to her native home. This sense of connection may have only strengthened as Kong grew older, and it flourished when she was challenged, as at the relatively homogeneous Salem College, where she found a passionate commitment to her heritage. By the time this interview took place, Kong had become an American citizen, and at age twenty, had voted for the first time. But she became a citizen for convenience, not conviction. Kong reflects on her life and her identity in this interview, as well as considering the wider Cambodian community and the endurance of Cambodian traditions in a new context.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Cambodian Americans--North Carolina--Greensboro","Cambodian Americans--Cultural assimilation--North Carolina--Greensboro","Cambodian Americans--North Carolina--Greensboro--Ethnic identity","Americanization"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Ran Kong, November 25, 2000"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0269/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Dec. 16, 2008).","Interview participants: Ran Kong, interviewee; Barbara Lau, interviewer.","Duration: 01:50:59.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Kong, Ran, 1980?-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0487","title":"Oral history interview with Robert Yost, November 22, 2000","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Grundy, Pamela","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Mecklenburg County, Charlotte, 35.22709, -80.84313"],"dcterms_creator":["Yost, Robert, 1952-"],"dc_date":["2000-11-22"],"dcterms_description":["Robert Yost discusses coaching chess and teaching English at West Charlotte High School in Charlotte, North Carolina. Yost's attention remains on the successes of the school's chess team for much of the interview, but he does share his thoughts on the changing racial character of West Charlotte and the school's image and performance problems. Yost does not pay much attention to race, he says, but has modified his teaching methods to make certain works of literature more appealing to African American students.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Teachers--North Carolina--History--20th century","Charlotte (N.C.)--Race relations","School integration--North Carolina--Mecklenburg County","Student activities--North Carolina--Mecklenburg County","High school students--North Carolina--Social conditions","High school teachers--North Carolina--Charlotte","Teachers--North Carolina--Charlotte","West Charlotte High School (Charlotte, N.C.)","School integration--North Carolina--Charlotte","Student activities--North Carolina--Charlotte","High school students--North Carolina--Charlotte--Social conditions","Chess--North Carolina--Charlotte","Chess players--North Carolina--Charlotte"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Robert Yost, November 22, 2000"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0487/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Duration: 01:34:12"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Yost, Robert, 1952-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0825","title":"Oral history interview with Maggie W. Ray, November 9, 2000","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Grundy, Pamela","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Mecklenburg County, Charlotte, 35.22709, -80.84313"],"dcterms_creator":["Ray, Maggie W. (Margaret Whitton)"],"dc_date":["2000-11-09"],"dcterms_description":["Maggie Ray graduated from high school in Charlotte, North Carolina, in 1960, as desegregation in schools was beginning. After years in the northeast and traveling abroad, she returned to Charlotte, eventually sending her children to integrated schools and taking a teaching position at West Charlotte. In this interview, she describes the legacies of integration at West Charlotte, which, while not fully realized, manifest themselves in easy friendships between black and white students and comfort in integrated settings. She sees backsliding, too, however, and worries that as Charlotte's African American community struggles, desegregation is not enough to help it. Her solution is the next step in her journey from indifferent southerner to civil rights activist to parent and teacher: she believes that maintaining what she describes as equity, or full equality, is more important than maintaining desegregation. This interview offers a useful look at a relatively successful effort at integration and one observer's responses to its benefits and costs.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Women teachers--North Carolina--Charlotte","Women civil rights workers--North Carolina--Charlotte","School integration--North Carolina--Charlotte","Charlotte (N.C.)--Race relations","Education, Secondary--North Carolina--Charlotte"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Maggie W. Ray, November 9, 2000"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0825/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Dec. 2, 2008).","Interview participants: Maggie W. Ray, interviewee; Pamela Grundy, interviewer.","Duration: 01:09:25.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Ray, Maggie W. 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White confronted his racial identity as a white student at Southern High School, one of the first high schools to integrate in the Durham, North Carolina, area, and at North Carolina Central University, a historically black school where his last name symbolized his outsider status. He also confronted his sexual identity as he struggled with being gay, but he eventually came to terms with what he calls his internalized homophobia. White discusses additional challenges, including his parents' difficult divorce, a turbulent relationship with his father, and his struggle with AIDS, a disease that frightens him but which, he says, has enabled him to take risks he would not have taken before. 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