{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"gzn_march_2467","title":"Vel Phillips Papers, Kershner Commentary: \"Integration\"","collection_id":"gzn_march","collection_title":"March on Milwaukee: Civil Rights History Project","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Wisconsin, Milwaukee County, Milwaukee, 43.0389, -87.90647"],"dcterms_creator":["Phillips, Vel, 1924-"],"dc_date":["1924/1980"],"dcterms_description":["Vel Phillips recording a documentary on integration in the United States."],"dc_format":["audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Vel Phillips Papers;","http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-whs-mil00231","Archives / Milwaukee Area Research Center. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries","March on Milwaukee - Civil Rights History Project"],"dcterms_subject":["Segregation in education","School integration","Education","Race discrimination","Civil rights"],"dcterms_title":["Vel Phillips Papers, Kershner Commentary: \"Integration\""],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["Golda Meir Library. Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://collections.lib.uwm.edu/cdm/ref/collection/march/id/2467"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["The Wisconsin Historical Society. Used with permission"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["interviews"],"dcterms_extent":["0:29:32"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Phillips, Vel, 1924-2018"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"gzn_march_2469","title":"Vel Phillips Papers, Vel Phillips discussion with Aldermen Mark Ryan, and Clarence Miller","collection_id":"gzn_march","collection_title":"March on Milwaukee: Civil Rights History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Schallert, Fred"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Wisconsin, Milwaukee County, Milwaukee, 43.0389, -87.90647"],"dcterms_creator":["Phillips, Vel, 1924-"],"dc_date":["1924/1980"],"dcterms_description":["Vel Phillips speaking with Milwaukee Aldermen regarding their voting history against open housing. Phillips also addresses the impact of open housing marches upon public opinion in favor of open housing Other parties include Mark Ryan, Clarence Miller, and Fred Schallert the moderator."],"dc_format":["audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Vel Phillips Papers;","http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-whs-mil00231","Archives / Milwaukee Area Research Center. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries","March on Milwaukee - Civil Rights History Project"],"dcterms_subject":["Discrimination in housing","Discrimination in housing--Law and legislation","Race discrimination","Civil rights"],"dcterms_title":["Vel Phillips Papers, Vel Phillips discussion with Aldermen Mark Ryan, and Clarence Miller"],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["Golda Meir Library. Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://collections.lib.uwm.edu/cdm/ref/collection/march/id/2469"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["The Wisconsin Historical Society. Used with permission."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["interviews"],"dcterms_extent":["0:29:29"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Phillips, Vel, 1924-2018","Groppi, James, 1930-1985"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"gsg_1121-103_gsg-1121-103-004","title":"\"Mr. W. W. Law\" / W. W. Law Speaks at Savannah State University on Negro History","collection_id":"gsg_1121-103","collection_title":"W. W. Law Moving Image and Sound Collection","dcterms_contributor":["W. W. Law Foundation"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Chatham County, Savannah, 32.08354, -81.09983"],"dcterms_creator":["Law, W. W. (Westley Wallace), 1923-2002"],"dc_date":["1923/2002"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["1121-103, W. W. Law Moving Image and Sound Collection","http://www.savannahga.gov/DocumentCenter/View/15640/1121-103_WWLawMovingImageSound_FA?bidId="],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--History","African Americans--Georgia--Savannah","African American churches--Georgia--Savannah","African American schools--Georgia--Savannah"],"dcterms_title":["\"Mr. W. W. Law\" / W. W. Law Speaks at Savannah State University on Negro History"],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["City of Savannah Municipal Archives"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://savannahga.pastperfectonline.com/archive/AA062C2A-C653-4C25-A907-723636557277"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright has not been assigned to the City of Savannah. All requests for permission to publish or quote from the collections must be submitted in writing to the Municipal Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the City of Savannah as owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"dcterms_medium":["magnetic tapes"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"gsg_1121-103_gsg-1121-103-007","title":"Spiritual Radio Program","collection_id":"gsg_1121-103","collection_title":"W. W. Law Moving Image and Sound Collection","dcterms_contributor":["W. W. Law Foundation"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Chatham County, Savannah, 32.08354, -81.09983"],"dcterms_creator":["Law, W. W. (Westley Wallace), 1923-2002"],"dc_date":["1923/2002"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["1121-103, W. W. Law Moving Image and Sound Collection","http://www.savannahga.gov/DocumentCenter/View/15640/1121-103_WWLawMovingImageSound_FA?bidId="],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--History","African Americans--Georgia--Savannah","African American churches--Georgia--Savannah","African American schools--Georgia--Savannah"],"dcterms_title":["Spiritual Radio Program"],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["City of Savannah Municipal Archives"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://savannahga.pastperfectonline.com/archive/79EDEEFE-B3D2-406B-81AF-456039661570"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright has not been assigned to the City of Savannah. All requests for permission to publish or quote from the collections must be submitted in writing to the Municipal Archives. Permission for publication is given on behalf of the City of Savannah as owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the researcher."],"dcterms_medium":["magnetic tapes"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"auu_auc-091","title":"Brailsford R. Brazeal papers","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["Brazeal, Brailsford R."],"dc_date":["1922/1994-03-11"],"dcterms_description":["Collection of papers from Dr. Brailsford Reese Brazeal, an educator, economist, author, labor and civil rights activist. He dedicated much of his life to education, human relations, labor issues, and racial equality. He received his bachelor's degree from Morehouse College in 1927 and his master's degree in economics at Columbia University in 1928. He also received his Ph.D. from Columbia in economics and political science in 1942. Dr. Brazeal's scholarly interests and research focused extensively on labor equality and worker rights; he is especially noted for his research on the Pullman porters, and he published \"The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters\" in 1946. He was also involved in several collegiate and community organizations, including the Sigma Pi Phi (Boule), Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc., and Phi Beta Kappa."],"dc_format":["application/pdf","audio/mpeg","image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American authors","African American educators","African American men","African American universities and colleges","African American civil rights workers","Pullman porters","Transportation","African American women","African American children","African Americans--Civil rights","Oral history","African American families"],"dcterms_title":["Brailsford R. Brazeal papers"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://radar.auctr.edu/islandora/object/auc.091%3A9999"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["All works in this collection either are protected by copyright and/or are the property of the Robert W. Woodruff Library, and/or the copyright holder as appropriate. To order a reproduction or to inquire about permission to publish, please contact the Archives Research Center at: archives@auctr.edu with the web URL or handle identification number."],"dcterms_medium":["archival materials","audiotapes","black-and-white photographs","color photographs","transcripts","visual works (works)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Nixon, Edgar Daniel"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"vrc_goo","title":"Goochland County Rosenwald Schools oral history project, 2013-2015","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Virginia, Goochland County, 37.72198, -77.91636"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1922/2014"],"dcterms_description":["The Goochland County Rosenwald Schools Oral History Project is a joint venture by Dr. Brian J. Daugherity of Virginia Commonwealth University and Dr. Alyce Miller of John Tyler Community College. The purpose of the project is to document education in Goochland County, Virginia, particularly the impact of the Rosenwald Schools, and the differences between the education offered to white and black students during the period the Rosenwald Schools operated. The project was funded in part by a grant from the Virginia Foundation for Humanities, the John Tyler Community College Foundation, and the Virginia Community College System.","During the Jim Crow Era, from roughly the 1870s until the 1950s, segregated school systems were supposed to be, according to the U.S. Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), “separate but equal.” In reality, educational systems for African Americans in Virginia, and elsewhere in the South, were anything but. Starting in the 1910s, “Rosenwald Schools” were constructed for black students as a philanthropic endeavor funded in part by businessman and philanthropist Julius Rosenwald. While Rosenwald provided the matching grant funds that supported the program, Booker T. Washington was the initial force behind its creation. The Rosenwald schoolbuilding program began in 1912 when Booker T. Washington asked permission to use some of the money Rosenwald had donated to the Tuskegee Institute to construct several small schools in rural Alabama.","Over a 15 year period, from 1917 to 1932, 4,977 schools, primarily for African Americans, were funded and built. According to Julius Rosenwald Fund records (JRF), the JRF helped construct 367 schools, three teacher’s homes, and eleven school (industrial) shops in Virginia. In addition to providing its own money, the Rosenwald Fund required matching funds from any combination of public and private sources. Of the total cost of Rosenwald-associated buildings, grounds, and equipment in Virginia from 1917 through 1932, African Americans contributed 22%, white contributions totaled 1%, the Rosenwald Fund contributed 15%, and state and local government contributions equaled 62%. In the fifteen states in the South where the school building program operated, African Americans collectively contributed 17% of the funds, the Rosenwald Fund contributed 15% of the funds, private white contributions totaled 4% of the funds, and public funds made up the remaining 64% of the funds.","The majority of the private funding for Rosenwald Schools came from the African American communities where the schools were located, because black citizens organized fundraisers and sacrificed some of their own, often meager, wages in support of a better education for their children.","Rosenwald Schools were built using architectural plans provided by the Rosenwald Fund. Most of the schools were constructed in rural communities that were unlikely to have access to electricity, so they were designed to take the most advantage of natural light. They also had strict guidelines regarding ventilation, interior and exterior color schemes and decorative appointments, the quality of the furnishings and blackboards, and the location of separate outhouses. Often, the walls separating classrooms were moveable to enable the community to create a larger meeting space as needed.","The Goochland County Rosenwald Schools Oral History digital collection consists of 19 video interviews with 18 participants with fully searchable transcripts and tape logs for 15 of the interviews. Additionally, photographs of the schools and documents relating to the Rosenwald Fund are included."],"dc_format":["application/pdf","image/jp2","video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Oral histories","Julius Rosenwald Fund--Buildings","African American schools--Virginia--Goochland County","Goochland County (Va.)--Race relations","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Goochland County","African American schools--Curricula--Virginia--Goochland County","Goochland County (Va.)--Buildings, structures, etc.","School buildings--Virginia--Goochland County","African American teachers--Virginia--Goochland County","Segregation in education--Virginia--Goochland County","Community activists--Virginia--Goochland County","African American schools--Museums--Virginia--Goochland County","School integration--Virginia--Goochland County","African American neighborhoods--Virginia--Goochland County"],"dcterms_title":["Goochland County Rosenwald Schools oral history project, 2013-2015"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage","Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["James Branch Cabell Library. Special Collections and Archives"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.library.vcu.edu/islandora/object/vcu:goo"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Bowles, James Harold--Interviews","Bowles, Vivian Knight--Interviews","Johnson, Ruth Cooke--Interviews","Pace, Earline--Interviews","Anderson, Francis--Interviews","Anthony, Eva--Interviews","Bowles, James Harold--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Dun-Moodie, Ina--Interviews","Haden, Joseph--Interviews","Hopkins, Calvin--Interviews","Johnson, Mattie Lee Harris--Interviews","Miller, Raymond A.--Interviews","Pace, Haywood--Interviews","Parrish, Alberta--Interviews","Parrish, Curtis--Interviews","Parrish, Phyllis--Interviews","Smith, Gail P.--Interviews","Ware, Sherman--Interviews","Anderson, Francis--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Anthony, Eva--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Bowles, James Harold--Political activity","Bowles, Vivian Knight--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Dun-Moodie, Ina--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Haden, Joseph--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Hopkins, Calvin--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Johnson, Mattie Lee Harris--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Johnson, Ruth Cooke--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Miller, Raymond A.--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Pace, Earline--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Pace, Haywood--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Parrish, Alberta--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Parrish, Curtis--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Parrish, Phyllis--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Quarles, William, Jr.--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Quarles, William, Jr.--Interviews","Smith, Gail P.--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Ware, Sherman--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"geh_135","title":"Lester Maddox papers","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003"],"dc_date":["1915/2003"],"dcterms_description":["The collection includes an audio recording of a July 10, 1964 news conference by Maddox explaining his resistance to the 1964 Civil Rights Act; and a series of gospel tunes sung by Maddox."],"dc_format":["audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","Speeches, addresses, etc.--Georgia","Pickrick Cafeteria (Atlanta, Ga.)","Georgia--Politics and government","Gospel music--Georgia"],"dcterms_title":["Lester Maddox papers"],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["Atlanta History Center"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.usg.edu/collection/geh_135"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["sound recordings"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ndd_esgms_33001","title":"Box AV-4, Folder 1: OR26. 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Board of Commissioners","Durham County (N.C.)--Politics and government"],"dcterms_title":["Box AV-4, Folder 2: OR27. Elna B. Spaulding, 1 (30) sec. political advertisement, WDUR 1490, undated"],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/findingaids/spauldingasaelna/#esgms33002"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: [Identification of item], Asa and Elna Spaulding Papers, 1909-1997 and undated, bulk 1935-1983, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library, Duke University."],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["audiovisual materials","advertisements"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ndd_esgms_33003","title":"Box AV-4, Folder 3: OR28. Elna B. 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Board of Commissioners","Durham County (N.C.)--Politics and government"],"dcterms_title":["Box AV-4, Folder 3: OR28. Elna B. Spaulding for County Commissioner, undated"],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/findingaids/spauldingasaelna/#esgms33003"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: [Identification of item], Asa and Elna Spaulding Papers, 1909-1997 and undated, bulk 1935-1983, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library, Duke University."],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["audiovisual materials","advertisements"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ndd_esgms_33004","title":"Box AV-4, Folder 4: OR29. Sound Truck--Inspiration for Voters, undated","collection_id":"ndd_esgms","collection_title":"Asa and Elna Spaulding papers, 1909-1997 and undated, bulk 1935-1983","dcterms_contributor":["Spaulding, Elna B. (Elna Bridgeforth)"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Mississippi, 32.75041, -89.75036"],"dcterms_creator":["Spaulding, Asa T. 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