{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33245","title":"POLICE IN GREENSBORO ARREST BLACK STUDENTS","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Guilford County, Greensboro, 36.07264, -79.79198"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1960-02-01"],"dcterms_description":["Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Police","African Americans","Student activities","Demonstrations"],"dcterms_title":["POLICE IN GREENSBORO ARREST BLACK STUDENTS"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33245"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33245"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn33245, (No title), WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0742, 36:19/36:56, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Ga"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 min.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aar_amg_14396","title":"Fred Shuttlesworth at a police station after being arrested.","collection_id":"aar_amg","collection_title":"Alabama Media Group Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, 32.75041, -86.75026"],"dcterms_creator":["Lankford, Tom"],"dc_date":["1960"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Montgomery, Ala. : Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Birmingham News","Alabama Media Group","Alabama Media Group Collection"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","Civic leaders","Civil rights","Police","Birmingham (Ala.)","Jefferson County (Ala.)"],"dcterms_title":["Fred Shuttlesworth at a police station after being arrested."],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm/ref/collection/amg/id/14396"],"dcterms_temporal":["1960/1969"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright, Alabama Department of Archives and History. Donated by the Alabama Media Group, http://www.alabamamediagroup.com"],"dcterms_medium":["negatives (photographs)","black-and-white negatives"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aar_amg_14445","title":"Fred Shuttlesworth in the back of a police vehicle after being arrested.","collection_id":"aar_amg","collection_title":"Alabama Media Group Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, 32.75041, -86.75026"],"dcterms_creator":["Lankford, Tom"],"dc_date":["1960"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Montgomery, Ala. : Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Birmingham News","Alabama Media Group","Alabama Media Group Collection"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","Civic leaders","Civil rights","Police","Birmingham (Ala.)","Jefferson County (Ala.)"],"dcterms_title":["Fred Shuttlesworth in the back of a police vehicle after being arrested."],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm/ref/collection/amg/id/14445"],"dcterms_temporal":["1960/1969"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright, Alabama Department of Archives and History. Donated by the Alabama Media Group, http://www.alabamamediagroup.com"],"dcterms_medium":["negatives (photographs)","black-and-white negatives"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"bcas_p15728coll1_13406","title":"Gene Smith and police line stop integration protest march","collection_id":"bcas_p15728coll1","collection_title":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Photographs Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, Central High School, 34.73683, -92.29895"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1959-08-12"],"dcterms_description":["Gene Smith and police line stop integration protest march as it approaches Central High School","Recto: Little Rock Police Chief Smith leads police line in stopping marches near Central High School.","This project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and Council on Library and Information Resources."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Little Rock, Ark. : Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Central High Museum, Inc. papers (CHSC 314)","History of Segregation and Integration of Arkansas's Educational System"],"dcterms_subject":["Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Little Rock Public Schools (Little Rock, Ark.)","African Americans--Education--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Segregation--Arkansas--Little Rock","Police"],"dcterms_title":["Gene Smith and police line stop integration protest march"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Butler Center for Arkansas Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://arstudies.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15728coll1/id/13406"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site believes this item is covered by our copyright, fair use, or public domain. If you claim copyright, contact the National Historic Site."],"dcterms_medium":["photocopies"],"dcterms_extent":["8 x 10 in"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Smith, Gene"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33353","title":"CHICAGO POLICE IN RACIALLY TENSE NEIGHBORHOOD","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1959-08-01"],"dcterms_description":["Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Police","African Americans","Whites","Housing","Chicago (Ill.)","Illinois"],"dcterms_title":["CHICAGO POLICE IN RACIALLY TENSE NEIGHBORHOOD"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33353"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn33353"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn33353, (No title), WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0743, 57:09/57:44, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Ga"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 min.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aar_wsfa_1291","title":"WSFA audiovisual item D165.0013","collection_id":"aar_wsfa","collection_title":"WSFA Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, 32.75041, -86.75026"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1959","1965"],"dcterms_description":["The following segments are included: 0:00:01: Governor George Wallace speaking in September 1965 on the proposed succession bill, which would have allowed constitutional officers (such as himself) to serve consecutive terms in office. The clip begins with shots of correspondence received from constituents in support of the measure. 0:02:14 Speaker of the House Albert Brewer discussing the proposed succession bill. He expresses his support of the legislation and explains the process for removing the constitutional restrictions on consecutive terms of office. He also answers questions about his own future political plans: \"I've given no serious thought to what my future might be so far as politics is concerned. I'm in the unique position of being a George Wallace man. Without hesitation I say that I support Governor Wallace. I hitched my wagon to his star a long time ago.\" 0:04:54: George Wallace announcing the resignation of Colonel Al Lingo, director of the Alabama Department of Public Safety, during a press conference on September 16, 1965. 0:06:16: Mayor Earl James explaining that the city of Montgomery asked the governor for additional law enforcement support during the upcoming Selma to Montgomery March. 0:17:19: Senator Walter C. Givhan asking his constituents in Dallas County to comply with the governor's request to stay away from events connected to the Selma to Montgomery March in Selma. 0:07:50: White demonstrators marching and rallying in downtown Montgomery to protest the upcoming Selma to Montgomery March. They are carrying many signs, including \"We Shall Over Come\"; \"Stop Selma March\"; \"We As Local People Beg of you Mr. President Stop Selma March\"; and \"Down with Government by Lawless Mobs.\" Franco's Restaurant and the Dutch House are visible in the background. 0:09:06: Lieutenant Governor James Allen making a statement on the Senate's position on the Selma to Montgomery March, essentially urging the people of Alabama to stay away from all demonstrations and encouraging the governor to advise the president of the United States that the federal government must furnish whatever protection it sees fit, as the state cannot afford to pay for an active National Guard. (For the text of this statement, see https://archive.org/details/alabama-senate-journal-1965-special-a/page/346/mode/2up.) 0:11:17: Senate resolution calling on the governor to inform the president that the state of Alabama cannot afford the cost of calling out the National Guard to provide protection during the upcoming Selma to Montgomery March. (For the text of the resolution, see https://archive.org/details/alabama-acts-1965-special-1/page/n65.) 0:13:55: Governor George Wallace speaking at a press conference in his office at the Capitol after an appearance on \"Face the Nation\" on March 14, 1965. During his remarks, he displays several New York City newspapers that feature images of police brutality in Harlem, in an effort to deflect attention from the televised violence of Bloody Sunday on March 7: \"I am against brutality . . . my orders have always been that if you have to use force use the minimum amount of force and never use any force unless it is absolutely necessary.\" He also claims to be \"against discrimination in the matter of registration of voters because of race, color, creed, religion, and nationality.\" 0:16:57: Mayor Earl James asking citizens to stay away from events connected to the Selma to Montgomery March in Montgomery. 0:18:49: Luncheon or banquet honoring military officers at the Jefferson Davis Hotel in Montgomery. Governor George Wallace spoke at the event: \"We, of course, support I suppose as strongly as any state in the Union the decisions by those in authority to defend our interest in Vietnam and also in the Dominican Republic. I would say that you haven't had a single petition group or a single march in our state of Alabamians protesting any decision after it has been made by those in places of authority to defend the interest of our nation and of freedom wherever it might . . . I am appalled and astonished at some of the trends in our country and some of the very few minority group of our people who oppose every effort of our government and armed services to stem the tide of Communist aggression.\" 0:20:38: Governor George Wallace addressing the Legislature on February 16, 1965, at the start of a special session about his ambitious education program for the state. 0:22:51: Mayor W. A. \"Tacky\" Gayle announcing the closure of parks in Montgomery on January 1, 1959, in anticipation of a federal court order prohibiting the ongoing segregation of the facilities. Following the statement are shots of empty parks and public playgrounds in the city. (The parks remained closed for six years until the city commission voted to reopen them in February 1965.) 0:24:34: Martin Luther King Jr. addressing a meeting at a church in Montgomery, Alabama, in September 1959. He announces a recent federal court decision by Judge Frank E. Johnson, which ruled that the segregation of Montgomery city parks was unconstitutional: \"This decision means in simple terms that public parks never can be operated in Montgomery on a segregated basis.\""],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Montgomery, Ala. : Alabama Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["WSFA-TV (Television station : Montgomery, Ala.)","WSFA collection","Box D165, Item 0013"],"dcterms_subject":["Capitols--Alabama--Montgomery","Civil rights demonstrations--Alabama","African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--Segregation","Demonstrations","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","Governors--Alabama","Journalists","Police","Legislators--Alabama","Mayors--Alabama--Montgomery","Armed Forces--Officers","Political science","Race relations--Alabama","White supremacy movements","Montgomery (Ala.)","Montgomery County (Ala.)"],"dcterms_title":["WSFA audiovisual item D165.0013"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm/ref/collection/wsfa/id/1291"],"dcterms_temporal":["1960/1969"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright, Alabama Department of Archives and History. Donated by WSFA, https://www.wsfa.com."],"dcterms_medium":["16mm (photographic film size)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Allen, James B. (James Browning), 1912-1978","Brewer, Albert P., 1928-2017","Ewing, Ed","Gayle, William A.","Givhan, Walter Coats, b.1902","James, Earl D.","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lee, Charles McDowell, 1925-2014","Lingo, Albert J., 1910-1969","Turner, Alton Lee, 1925-","Wallace, George C. (George Corley), 1919-1998"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn37714","title":"Police and Demonstrators Battle in Johannesburg Riot","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["South Africa, Gauteng, City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, City of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, -26.20227, 28.04363"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1958-11-03"],"dcterms_description":["Police and Demonstrators Battle in Johannesburg Riot","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn37714"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Blacks","Demonstrations and Riots","Violence","Discrimination","Police"],"dcterms_title":["Police and Demonstrators Battle in Johannesburg Riot"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn37714"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn37714"],"dcterms_temporal":["1958-11-03"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn37714, Police and Demonstrators Battle in Johannesburg Riot, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0832, 6:53/07:31, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 38 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aar_amg_14373","title":"Fred Shuttlesworth in an office at a police station after his arrest.","collection_id":"aar_amg","collection_title":"Alabama Media Group Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, 32.75041, -86.75026"],"dcterms_creator":["Gordon, Bud"],"dc_date":["1958"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Montgomery, Ala. : Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Birmingham News","Alabama Media Group","Alabama Media Group Collection"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","Civic leaders","Civil rights","Police","Birmingham (Ala.)","Jefferson County (Ala.)"],"dcterms_title":["Fred Shuttlesworth in an office at a police station after his arrest."],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm/ref/collection/amg/id/14373"],"dcterms_temporal":["1950/1959"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright, Alabama Department of Archives and History. Donated by the Alabama Media Group, http://www.alabamamediagroup.com"],"dcterms_medium":["negatives (photographs)","black-and-white negatives"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aar_amg_14333","title":"Fred Shuttlesworth in the back of a police vehicle after being arrested.","collection_id":"aar_amg","collection_title":"Alabama Media Group Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, 32.75041, -86.75026"],"dcterms_creator":["Gordon, Bud"],"dc_date":["1958"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Montgomery, Ala. : Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Birmingham News","Alabama Media Group","Alabama Media Group Collection"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","Civic leaders","Civil rights","Police","Birmingham (Ala.)","Jefferson County (Ala.)"],"dcterms_title":["Fred Shuttlesworth in the back of a police vehicle after being arrested."],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm/ref/collection/amg/id/14333"],"dcterms_temporal":["1950/1959"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright, Alabama Department of Archives and History. Donated by the Alabama Media Group, http://www.alabamamediagroup.com"],"dcterms_medium":["negatives (photographs)","black-and-white negatives"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aar_wsfa_1329","title":"WSFA audiovisual item D004.0006","collection_id":"aar_wsfa","collection_title":"WSFA Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, 32.75041, -86.75026"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1958/1966"],"dcterms_description":["The following segments are included: 0:00:01: Silent footage of several civil rights demonstrations in downtown Montgomery, Alabama, the week before the Selma to Montgomery March, most likely March 15 through 18, 1965. The clips appear to be out of sequence, but much of the footage depicts college students demonstrating through marches and sit-downs at the Capitol (where counter-protesters are also present) and in a nearby residential neighborhood. Also included are extended scenes of a march led by Martin Luther King to the Montgomery County courthouse on March 17 (the day after mounted law enforcement officers violently dispersed about 600 SNCC demonstrators), as well as the rally that filled Washington Street when the group arrived. King then met with local officials for several hours to discuss the previous day's events, and when he returned to the crowd outside, he shared the news that Judge Frank M. Johnson had ruled that the Selma to Montgomery march could proceed. Among the civil rights leaders visible in this footage are Martin Luther King Jr., Ralph Abernathy, Jesse Douglas, James Forman, James Bevel, and Kiyoshi Kuromiya. 0:06:31 Inauguration of Governor John Patterson Wallace in Montgomery, Alabama, on January 19, 1959. The footage includes the parade down Dexter Avenue and a portion of Patterson's inaugural address (audio at 0:06:48). 0:07:27: Judge George Wallace at the Federal Building in Montgomery on January 26, 1959, for his contempt hearing. Wallace had been cited for his initial refusal to turn over voting records from Barbour and Bullock Counties to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, but he was found not guilty because he later complied by indirect means. Judge Frank M. Johnson expressed suspicion and disapproval of Wallace's motives in the resulting court order, the text of which was published in the Montgomery Advertiser on January 27: \". . . This court further finds that, even though it was accomplished through means of subterfuge, George C. Wallace did comply with the order of this court concerning the production of the records in question. As to why the devious methods were used, this court will not now judicially determine. In this connection this court feels it sufficient to observe that if these devious means were in good faith considered by Wallace to be essential to the proper exercise of his state judicial functions, then this court will not and should no comment upon these methods. However, if these devious means were for political purposes, then this court refuses to allow its authority and dignity to be bent or swayed by such politically generated whirlwinds. The defendant, George C. Wallace, is ordered to be and he is hereby found not guilty of contempt of this court and stands discharged.\" (The affidavit submitted to the court by Wallace on January 26 is available at https://digital.archives.alabama.gov/digital/collection/voices/id/3214.) 0:07:58: Silent footage of a meeting of the biracial Alabama Advisory Committee on Civil Rights at the Federal Building in Montgomery, Alabama, on September 9, 1959. The meeting was held to discuss the recent report issued by the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, with which the committee ultimately agreed. Seated, left to right: Dr. Robert A. Lambert of Fairhope; Louis Eckl, editor of the Florence Times and the Tri-Cities Daily newspapers; Dr. E. B. Goode of Mobile; William H. Swann, assistant to state advisory committees, who presented the report; Douglas Brown, mayor of Ozark (chairman); A. G. Gaston of Birmingham; Mrs. Fletcher McLeod, church and civic leader in Montgomery; and Mrs. L. H. Foster, wife of the president of Tuskegee Institute. 0:08:20: Governor John Patterson making a statement about the first report of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, which was issued in early September 1959. (For the full text of the report, see https://www2.law.umaryland.edu/marshall/usccr/documents/cr11959.pdf.) 0:08:52: Various scenes in the House and Senate chambers and different committee rooms at the Capitol in Montgomery during the 1959 legislative sessions. Much of the footage is silent, but the common theme throughout the audio segments appears to be education funding. Included here is a portion of Governor John Patterson's first address to a joint session of the Legislature on January 13; debates and public comments about a proposed cigarette tax increase (accompanied by numerous clips of people smoking); and message from Governor Patterson on the status of the \"school relief bill.\" Among the other individuals shown here are former governor Jim Folsom (the segment begins with a silent clip of his farewell address to the Legislature on January 13); Lieutenant Governor Albert Boutwell; House clerk Oakley W. Melton Jr.; Senate secretary Earl Speight; Representatives McDowell Lee, Charles Adams (new speaker of the House), and Woodrow Albea; and Senators Vaughan Hill Robison, Walter C. Givhan, Roland Cooper, and Larry Dumas. 0:15:08: Party at John Patterson's gubernatorial campaign headquarters on an election night in 1958. It is unclear whether this was shot during after the Democratic primary on June 3, or during the general election on November 5. The footage is mostly silent. 0:15:38: John Patterson speaking at a rally in Greenville, Alabama, during the 1966 gubernatorial campaign."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Montgomery, Ala. : Alabama Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["WSFA-TV (Television station : Montgomery, Ala.)","WSFA collection","Box D004, Item 0006"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","Clergy","Bands","Government officials--Alabama","Governors--Alabama","Inaugurations","Journalists","Police","Legislation--Alabama","Legislators--Alabama","Mayors--Alabama--Ozark","Parades","Photographers","Political campaigns","Political science","Race relations--Alabama","Segregation--Alabama","Smoking","Birmingham (Ala.)","Jefferson County (Ala.)","Greenville (Ala.)","Butler County (Ala.)","Montgomery (Ala.)","Montgomery County (Ala.)"],"dcterms_title":["WSFA audiovisual item D004.0006"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm/ref/collection/wsfa/id/1329"],"dcterms_temporal":["1960/1969"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright, Alabama Department of Archives and History. Donated by WSFA, https://www.wsfa.com."],"dcterms_medium":["color films (visual works)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Adams, Charles Crayton, 1912-","Albea, Woodrow","Bevel, James L. (James Luther), 1936-2008","Boutwell, Albert Burton, 1904-1978","Brown, Douglas","Douglas, Jesse L., Sr.","Dumas, Lawrence, 1908-","Folsom, James Elisha, 1908-1987","Forman, James, 1928-2005","Givhan, Walter Coats, 1902-","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Kuromiya, Kiyoshi, 1943-2000","Melton, Oakley W., Jr.","Patterson, John, 1921-2021","Patterson, Mary Jo McGowin","Robison, Vaughan Hill, 1918-1977","Speight, Jesse Earl, 1889-1963","Swann, William H.","Wallace, George C. 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This footage was likely shot in early August 1958, after the body recommended the creation of a permanent committee to monitor civil rights activity in the county. (For the text of the 1959 resolution establishing the Macon County Standby Committee, see Act No. 17 at https://archive.org/details/alabama-acts-1959_v1/page/n39.) 0:00:52: Senator Sam Engelhardt reporting on the final recommendation of the Macon County Abolition Committee on August 4, 1958: \"The committee finds that conditions in Macon County are very serious due to activities of certain elements at the Tuskegee Institute and the Tuskegee Veterans Hospital. We find that these conditions continue to exist, that serious trouble or, rather, dissolution of the county is imminent. The main part of our recommendations today is the establishment of a permanent Macon County committee to watch conditions in Macon County and contiguous counties very closely. As I said before, the, if this trend continues, the only answer is to dissolve Macon County.\" 0:01:42: Attorney General John Patterson with Grady Rogers, Macon County registrar, during a hearing of the United States Commission on Civil Rights at the Federal Building in Montgomery, Alabama, on December 8, 1958. Grady was one of several county officials who refused to be sworn in or testify during the two-day hearing, which was held to investigate voting rights violations in Alabama. The six commission members can also be seen a various points in the segment (left to right): Doyle E. Carlton, J. Ernest Wilkins, John A. Hannah (chairman), Robert G. Storey, John S. Battle, and Reverend Theodore M. Hesburgh. 0:02:28: Voting tallies for Autauga County, Alabama, during the Democratic primary election on May 6, 1958. The following candidates are listed along the top of the chalkboard: James A. Rice (incumbent) and W. B. Dominick for probate judge; Ellie Chambliss, Norris Champion, W. E. Evans, George Grant (incumbent), James Stanfield, and Obie C. Thompson for sheriff; Louis Coker, E. A. Grouby (incumbent), Leon Pearson, and Walter O. Summerville for state representative; Joe W. Graham and Alex Hayes for state senator; and James A. Golson and J. H. Bruce (incumbent) for county board of education. The footage is silent. 0:02:41: Montgomery attorney Frank Mizell, a proponent of states' rights, criticizing the ongoing use of oaths pledging loyalty to the national Democratic Party, a measure endorsed by Roy Mayhall, chairman of the State Democratic Executive Committee: \"As a member of the State Democratic Executive Committee, I believe the allegiance and duties of this party governing body are owed absolutely to the Democrats of our state and not to some in-state manipulators and out-of-state party dictators who, through the political device of the loyalty gag rule would pawn the ballot of every free Alabama Democrat to national candidates unnamed and unknown, delivering the Alabama Democratic electorate like cattle into a Chicago political stockyard.\" 0:03:20: Martin Luther King Jr. and his wife, Coretta, arriving at Dannelly Field in Montgomery, Alabama, on October 24, 1958. A large group of supporters from the Montgomery Improvement Association and Dexter Avenue Baptist Church were waiting at the airport to welcome the couple home. (King had been recuperating in New York, where he was stabbed by a woman in a store on September 27.) The footage is silent. 0:03:35: Statement by Senator John Sparkman defending states' rights in the wake of ongoing federal efforts to promote civil rights and integration, particularly through U.S. Supreme Court decisions. 0:04:36: Statement by Senator Lister Hill predicting Democratic victories in the upcoming election on November 4, 1958, as well as the presidential election of 1960. The segment begins with a silent clip of Hill addressing the Alabama Labor Council conference at Garrett Coliseum in Montgomery on October 28. 0:05:08: On-the-street interviews with voters about a statement made by a Democratic party official, possibly Roy Mayhall, who was head of the State Democratic Executive Committee in 1958. Each response is vague but negative, and the segment ends with the following comment: \"Oh, I don't think that's very brilliant for a man that's head of the party. That's about all I have to say about it. Maybe we should have a third party down here.\" 0:05:59: Footage of several wrecks and accidents, including a crushed automobile on a highway, a crashed plane in a wooded area, and a derailed train on a rural stretch of track. Also included is a shot of highway patrolman performing a \"courtesy check,\" which was a traffic safety program instituted by the Alabama Department of Public Safety in 1958. The footage is silent. 0:07:16: Installation of new equipment at the U.S. Weather Bureau station at Dannelly Field in Montgomery. The footage is silent. 0:07:28: Dogs from Kilby Prison being led by law enforcement officers and African American inmates, possibly in search of a suspect or an escaped inmate. The footage is silent. 0:07:48: Bill Lyerly, director of the Alabama Department of Public Safety, making a statement about the return of murder suspect Byron Scroggins on March 30, 1958. Scroggins, who was accused of killing pharmacist Jamie Long Meigs in Centreville on February 12, had been arrested by police in Columbus, Mississippi. 0:08:50: Footage of various satellite and Air Force missile launches in 1958. Also included are interviews with a brigadier general on the future of space flight: \"The next would be a man-carrying vehicle which would go around the moon and return to Earth without landing. And, of course, the important one that everybody hopes to see is the man lunar landing, stay a short while and return to Earth, and I emphasize, safely. . . . I expect to see it. I think ten years seems to be a conservative estimate of when this will be possible to put a man on the moon and get him back..\" 0:10:39: Silent footage of a groundbreaking ceremony, possibly for a church in Montgomery. 0:10:50: Exterior and interior shots of the new Montgomery County courthouse on Washington Avenue. Construction was completed in late 1957, and county officials and staff moved into the building on January 2, 1958. The footage is silent. 0:10:59: Opening of the East Montgomery YMCA on Pelzer Avenue on January 15, 1958. The footage is silent. 0:11:10: Governor James P. Coleman signing legislation authorizing Mississippi's participation in the Tombigbee-Tennessee Waterway Development Compact in a ceremony at the First Christian Church of Columbus on May 2, 1958. Seated with him are Lieutenant Governor Carroll Gartin of Mississippi and Governor Jim Folsom of Alabama. The compact, first approved by the Alabama Legislature in 1957, was established to promote the development of an interstate canal connecting the Tombigbee and Tennessee Rivers. This silent segment begins with a shot of Folsom arriving at an airport aboard an Air National Guard plane. (For the text of the compact, see Act No. 355 at https://archive.org/details/alabama-acts-1957_v1/page/n465.) 0:11:39: Lee High School band returning to Montgomery from Chicago on July 12, 1958. The students had led the Lions International parade on July 9, and they won fourth place in a band competition sponsored by the organization. 0:11:53: Silent footage of a high school ROTC team practicing outside, probably in Montgomery. 0:12:06: Judge Walter B. Jones receiving an award from the National Press Photographers Association at the Montgomery County courthouse on February 21, 1958. L. P. Patterson, managing editor of the Montgomery Advertiser, presented the citation on behalf of the organization because of Jones's willingness to allow photographers into his courtroom. Though the footage is silent, an account published in the Birmingham News on February 23 (\"Press photographers honor Jones, Wheeler\") quotes Jones as saying, \"When you deny the people of the press, you deny the people the right to know what is going on in their government.\" 0:12:42: Five-year-old Debbie Golden and her mother boarding at plane at Dannelly Field in Montgomery on March 11, 1958. They were headed to the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, where Debbie was scheduled to have heart surgery on March 22. Citizens in Montgomery donated $4,000 to pay for the operation and travel, and Tine W. Davis (president of Kwik-Check grocery stores) lent his personal plane for the trip. The footage is silent. 0:13:12: Clips of various press conferences held by Governor John Patterson throughout 1959. Among the subjects discussed are the following: a legislative screening committee that reviewed all bills related to segregation (0:13:12); a request by the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights to see voting records in Dallas and Wilcox Counties (0:13:55); administrative problems at the Seafoods Division of the Department of Conservation in January 1959 (0:14:36); small-loan legislation, the possibility of a special legislative session, and continued industrial growth in Alabama despite the state's \"race problems\" (0:15:08); divorce laws, possibly in relation to a current legislative bill (0:16:59); intervention by federal civil rights agents and the commission hearings in December 1958 (0:17:37); his decision on October 29 to commute the death sentence of Frank Flowers, an African American man who had been convicted of murdering his wife (0:19:07); current conditions in Phenix City, \"a clean town\" with \"no organized vice or crime . . . of any consequence\" (0:20:08); the \"ample tools\" in place to enforce school segregation in the state, including \"the school placement law, the freedom of choice amendment, and the power in the local school board to close a school in the case of disorder or violence\" (0:20:50); his endorsement of John F. Kennedy as the presidential nominee in 1960 (0:22:16); the Patterson family cat's difficulty in adjusting to life at the Governor's Mansion (0:23:04); and his plans for Thanksgiving and a moose hunting trip in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, in November."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Montgomery, Ala. : Alabama Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["WSFA-TV (Television station : Montgomery, Ala.)","WSFA collection","Box D073, Item 0016"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans","African Americans--Civil rights","Airplanes","Airports","Animals","Attorneys general--Alabama","Automobiles","Buses","Children","Civil rights workers","County officials--Alabama--Macon","Courthouses","Courts","Democratic Party (U.S.)","Dogs","Flags--Confederate States of America","Public buildings","Government officials--Alabama","Government officials--Mississippi","Government officials--United States","Governors--Alabama","Governors--Mississippi","Journalists","Judges","Police","Lawyers","Legislation--Alabama","Legislation--Mississippi","Legislators--Alabama","Legislators--United States","Marching bands","Political campaigns","Political science","Prisoners","Race relations--Alabama","Rockets (Aeronautics)","Segregation--Alabama","Space flight","Students","Traffic accidents","Voting","Autauga County (Ala.)","Macon County (Ala.)","Montgomery (Ala.)","Montgomery County (Ala.)"],"dcterms_title":["WSFA audiovisual item D073.0016"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Alabama. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm/ref/collection/wsfa/id/1316"],"dcterms_temporal":["1950/1959"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright, Alabama Department of Archives and History. Donated by WSFA, https://www.wsfa.com."],"dcterms_medium":["color films (visual works)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Battle, John Stewart, 1890-1972","Carlton, Doyle Elam, 1885-1972","Coleman, J. P. (James Plemon), 1914-1991","Engelhardt, Sam (Samuel Martin), 1912-1991","Folsom, James Elisha, 1908-1987","Gartin, Carroll, 1913-1966","Golden, Debbie","Golden, Harold, Mrs.","Hannah, John A., 1902-1991","Hesburgh, Theodore M. (Theodore Martin), 1917-2015","Hill, Lister, 1894-1984","Ingram, Bob","Jones, Walter Burgwyn, 1888-1963","King, Coretta Scott, 1927-2006","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lyerly, Bill","Mizell, Frank J.","Patterson, John, 1921-2021","Patterson, L. P.","Robison, Vaughan Hill, 1918-1977","Rogers, Grady","Scroggins, Byron","Sparkman, John, 1899-1985","Storey, Robert G. (Robert Gerald), 1893-1981","Wilkins, J. Ernest, 1894-1959"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"bcas_p15728coll1_13367","title":"Black man prone on pavement with wallet in hand, surrounded by police officers","collection_id":"bcas_p15728coll1","collection_title":"Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Photographs Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, 34.76993, -92.3118","United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957-09-24"],"dcterms_description":["A black man prone on the pavement with his wallet in hand being surrounded by police officers.","This project was supported in part by a Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives project grant from The Andrew W. 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If you claim copyright, contact the National Historic Site."],"dcterms_medium":["photographic prints"],"dcterms_extent":["8 x 10 in"],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null}],"pages":{"current_page":78,"next_page":79,"prev_page":77,"total_pages":83,"limit_value":12,"offset_value":924,"total_count":991,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false},"facets":[{"name":"type_facet","items":[{"value":"StillImage","hits":881},{"value":"MovingImage","hits":87},{"value":"Text","hits":23},{"value":"Sound","hits":4}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":16,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"creator_facet","items":[{"value":"Peppler, Jim","hits":234},{"value":"Jones, Ed","hits":109},{"value":"Lankford, Tom","hits":82},{"value":"Martin, Spider","hits":72},{"value":"Adams, Robert","hits":71},{"value":"WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)","hits":69},{"value":"Isaacson, Lou","hits":61},{"value":"Dean, Norman","hits":54},{"value":"Atlanta Journal-Constitution","hits":43},{"value":"Falletta, Anthony","hits":42},{"value":"Hopper, Jack","hits":33}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"subject_facet","items":[{"value":"Police","hits":991},{"value":"Civil rights demonstrations","hits":740},{"value":"African Americans--Civil rights","hits":703},{"value":"Birmingham (Ala.)","hits":278},{"value":"Jefferson County (Ala.)","hits":278},{"value":"Dallas County (Ala.)","hits":152},{"value":"Selma (Ala.)","hits":152},{"value":"Race relations--Alabama","hits":111},{"value":"Montgomery (Ala.)","hits":104},{"value":"Montgomery County (Ala.)","hits":104},{"value":"Civil rights workers","hits":98}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"subject_personal_facet","items":[{"value":"King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","hits":28},{"value":"Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","hits":27},{"value":"Turner, Alton Lee, 1925-1987","hits":18},{"value":"Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","hits":17},{"value":"Baker, Wilson, 1915-1975","hits":17},{"value":"Kolb, James","hits":16},{"value":"Barnett, Roosevelt","hits":15},{"value":"Wallace, George C. 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