{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"geh_wilson_ahc099235009a","title":"Vine City Civil Rights Demonstration","collection_id":"geh_wilson","collection_title":"Bill Wilson Photographs, 1938-1979, undated","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Vine City, 33.7615, -84.41021"],"dcterms_creator":["Wilson, Bill (William Bryan), 1914-1993"],"dc_date":["1966-01-31"],"dcterms_description":["View of a 14-year-old resident of the Vine City neighborhood in Atlanta, Georgia protesting his living conditions.","In January of 1966, the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., his wife Coretta Scott King, and the Reverend Ralph David Abernathy and his wife Juanita led a protest march in the Vine City neighborhood in Atlanta, Georgia to call attention to substandard housing in that area."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Bill Wilson Photographs, Kenan Research Center, Atlanta History Center, Atlanta, Ga."],"dcterms_subject":["African American neighborhoods--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights movements--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","Slums--Georgia--Atlanta","Discrimination in housing--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Picketing--Georgia--Atlanta","Direct action--Georgia--Atlanta","African American children--Georgia--Atlanta"],"dcterms_title":["Vine City Civil Rights Demonstration"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Atlanta History Center"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://album.atlantahistorycenter.com/digital/digital/collection/Wilson/id/738"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["This material is protected by copyright law. 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(Title 17, U.S. Code) Permission for use must be cleared through the Kenan Research Center at the Atlanta History Center. Licensing agreement may be required."],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":["35 mm black-and-white negative"],"dlg_subject_personal":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Abernathy, Juanita, 1929-","King, Coretta Scott, 1927-2006"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn49969","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of a press conference during which Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. criticizes the Georgia Legislature for not seating Julian Bond in the House of Representatives in Atlanta, Georgia, 1966 January 13","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1966-01-13"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips from a press conference held in Atlanta, Georgia on January 13, 1966, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. criticizes the Georgia legislature for refusing to allow Julian Bond to take his place in the House of Representatives. The clip begins with a silent portion where Dr. King appears to speak, reporters take notes, and the camera shows a reel-to-reel recorder. King begins to speak, but his comments are not completely recorded before a break in the audio. When King speaks again, he condemns the legislature's refusal to allow Julian Bond to serve as an act with \"obvious racial overtones.\"  King asserts that many of those in the legislature are the same people who \"through irresponsible statements and actions\" encouraged a riot at the University of Georgia. It was also members of the legislature who, in 1954, urged \"defying, evading, and circumventing the United States Supreme Court decision outlawing segregation in the public schools.\"  The University of Georgia riot King refers occurred on January 11, 1961 riot when students protested the university's integration by throwing rocks and bottles at the dormitory of Charlayne Hunter, the first female African American student on campus. Georgia legislators also worked to keep Georgia schools segregated after the 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education Supreme Court ruling. In November 1965 Julian Bond was elected to the serve as the representative from the 136th district in the Georgia House of Representatives. Julian Bond, SNCC communications director, was elected to the 136th district of the Georgia legislature in November 1965, one of ten African Americans elected to the legislature that year. After Bond publicly endorsed the SNCC anti-Vietnam statement and said he respected those who burned their draft cards, members of the House of Representatives voted one hundred eighty-four to twelve to not allow Bond to serve in the House on January 10, the first day of the legislative session. Later that year the United States Supreme Court ruled that Bond's statement was within his first amendment rights, and the Georgia legislature had to seat him. Bond served as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1965 to 1975.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn49969"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Press conferences--Georgia--Atlanta","Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Protest movements","Freedom of speech--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Suffrage--Georgia--Atlanta","Governors--Georgia","Georgia--Race relations--History--20th century","Direct action--Georgia--Atlanta","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Atlanta","Legislators--Georgia","Segregationists--Georgia","College integration--Georgia--Athens--History","Segregation in higher education--Georgia","School integration--Georgia--History"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of a press conference during which Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. criticizes the Georgia Legislature for not seating Julian Bond in the House of Representatives in Atlanta, Georgia, 1966 January 13"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn49969"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn49969"],"dcterms_temporal":["1966-01-13"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn49969, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of a press conference during which Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. criticizes the Georgia Legislature for not seating Julian Bond in the House of Representatives in Atlanta, Georgia, 1966 January 13, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1346, 20:33/21:51, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 mins., 18 secs.): color, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968--Interviews","Bond, Julian, 1940-2015","Sanders, Carl, 1925-2014"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn49968","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. condemning the Georgia state legislature for refusing to seat Julian Bond at a press conference held in Atlanta, Georgia, 1966 January 13","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1966-01-13"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips from a press conference held in Atlanta, Georgia on January 13, 1966, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. condemns the Georgia legislature for its refusal to seat Julian Bond for his support of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee's (SNCC) position against the Vietnam War. The clip's audio track is inconsistent; some comments may not be completely recorded.  Dr. King recognizes the constitutional right to dissent and cites the founding fathers as historical precedent. He \"finds it alarming and disturbing to find our nation moving on an obviously unalterable course when dissent is equated with disloyalty.\"  King proposes that America's greatness comes through the right to free speech. He criticizes the Georgian legislature for implying \"the people of Fulton County's 136th district cannot decide who is to represent them in this body.\"  Pointing out that over eighty-two percent of voters in the district voted for Julian Bond, King calls upon governor Carl Sanders to reschedule an election to fill the vacant legislative seat and upon people of good will--both white and black--to engage in \"creative protest.\"  King indicates some of his interest in the legislative situation comes from his work promoting voting among African Americans; also as a resident of the 136th district, he is concerned that the vacant seat be filled in a timely manner. Demonstrating his concern, he intends to update his voting registration that day. In addition to possible direct action protests, King and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) support legal action to assist Julian Bond. An unidentified man off camera announces a fifteen minute break, and the clip pauses.  After the break, King presents direct action and legal action as a dual approach by the SCLC as a way to \"dramatize the issue,\" giving citizens a chance \"to participate and to express their outrage and their indignation.\"  A reporter begins to ask a question, but the sound stops; King mentions that the legislature does not have to be in session for protests to occur. Several unseen reporters try to ask questions before a break in the clip, after which discussion moves to the SNCC statement condemning the war in Vietnam. When asked if he endorses the SNCC statement, King, who repeatedly spoke out against the war, endorses the statement \"in principle.\"  Citing the multi-faceted drain on the country, King encourages the federal administration to support peace; noting President Johnson's engagement in peace moves. An unidentified reporter off-screen seeks to clarify King's reaction to the SNCC statement which labeled the United States as an \"aggressor.\" King declines to argue semantics with the reporter and refuses to take a position for the SCLC without consulting the executive board. Asked if Bond would have been elected if he had spoken out against the war before the election, King replies that he doesn't believe voters would have punished Bond for his position and outlines a possible timeline for a special election to replace Julian Bond. King discusses those who agree with Bond in protesting the war, including himself and \"many outstanding congressmen,\" although he says he does not know enough about the opinion of African Americans in Atlanta in relation to the war to anticipate their reaction. King also clarifies his position relative to the draft; while he has never advocated evading the draft, he does support the right of conscious objectors to have alternative service. Continuing, he proposes that the country should recognize the work of the Civil Rights movement as valuable enough to be an alternative to military service. Several reporters attempt to ask questions, and King stresses unity with other civil rights leaders in Atlanta on the issue of Julian Bond in the legislature. The clip ends with an unidentified man off-screen thanking the reporters for their time.  Julian Bond, SNCC communications director, was elected to the 136th district of the Georgia legislature in November 1965, one of ten African Americans elected to the legislature that year. After Bond publicly endorsed the SNCC anti-Vietnam statement and said he respected those who burned their draft cards, members of the House of Representatives voted 184 to twelve to not allow him to serve in the House on January 10, the first day of the legislative session. Later that year the United States Supreme Court ruled that Bond's statement was within his first amendment rights, and the Georgia legislature had to seat him. Bond served as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1965 to 1975.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn49968"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Press conferences--Georgia--Atlanta","Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Protest movements","Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Public opinion","Public opinion--United States","African Americans--Attitudes--Georgia--Atlanta","Freedom of speech--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Suffrage--Georgia--Atlanta","Governors--Georgia","Direct action--Georgia--Atlanta","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Atlanta","Legislators--Georgia","Presidents--United States"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. condemning the Georgia state legislature for refusing to seat Julian Bond at a press conference held in Atlanta, Georgia, 1966 January 13"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn49968"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn49968"],"dcterms_temporal":["1966-01-13"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn49968, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. condemning the Georgia state legislature for refusing to seat Julian Bond at a press conference held in Atlanta, Georgia, 1966 January 13, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1346, 4:57/15:11, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 10 mins., 14 secs.): color, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968--Interviews","Bond, Julian, 1940-2015","Sanders, Carl, 1925-2014","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn40895","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking about freedom and the civil rights movement at an outdoor rally held in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 December 15","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-12-15"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips from Atlanta, Georgia on December 15, 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaks at an outdoor rally about freedom and the civil rights movement in Atlanta. Several breaks interrupt the clip; some comments may not be recorded completely.","The clip begins with Dr. King, who is seen in profile, speaking to the audience at a rally where his breath can be seen in the cold. King reminds the audience of the timeless nature of freedom's struggle and \"the urgency of now.\" He seeks to dispel several myths that work against the goals of the civil rights movement, including that the time is not right or that African Americans are not ready for freedom. Furthering his point, he quotes Old Testament prophet Amos and statesman Thomas Jefferson. King asserts that \"the problems of Atlanta will not work themselves out.\" He also declares that the oppressed must demand freedom by \"revolt[ing] peacefully, openly, and cheerfully\" with the goal of \"a community at peace with itself.\" King compares freedom to food and life; while a bit of bread may satisfy hunger, both freedom and life must be had completely or not at all. He emphasizes the link between freedom and the nation and proclaims that African Americans, who had been undaunted by the hardships of slavery, will achieve freedom one day. He states that \"both God's will and the heritage of our nation speak through our echoing demands.\" Dr. King calls for Atlanta, known by the sobriquet \"the city too busy to hate,\" to narrow \"the gulf between Atlanta's profession and Atlanta's practice.\" He says that Atlanta must begin working towards freedom for its citizens, because the time is coming when the superficial remedies of the past will no longer suffice. King calls upon listeners to show they are willing to achieve freedom through suffering, jail-going, and risking their lives if necessary. Near the end of the series, there is a brief shot of reviewing stand, covered in bunting, from which King is speaking. The last clip returns to semi-profile shot of King speaking.","In March 1960, students from the six historically African American schools that would make up the Atlanta University Center published \"An Appeal for Human Rights\" and began organizing sit-ins and other demonstrations. In October 1963, nine civil rights groups in Atlanta organized the Atlanta Summit Leadership Conference to focus on complete desegregation of public accommodations, employment, education, health, housing, law enforcement, and electoral politics. The Summit Leadership Conference organized the December 15 rally to protest segregation in the city and hoped to replicate the success of August's \"March on Washington\" by gathering ten thousand participants from congregations around the city. Unseasonably cold weather limited the number of participants to only three thousand.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn40895"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights movements--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","Mass meetings--Georgia--Atlanta","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","Passive resistance--Georgia--Atlanta","Direct action--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Politics and government","Nonviolence--Georgia--Atlanta","Protest marches--Georgia--Atlanta"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking about freedom and the civil rights movement at an outdoor rally held in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 December 15"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn40895"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn40895"],"dcterms_temporal":["1963-12-15"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn40895, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking about freedom and the civil rights movement at an outdoor rally held in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 December 15, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0865, 39:07/45:35, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 6 mins., 28 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","Amos (Biblical prophet)"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45936","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of civil rights workers protesting segregation during a sit-in at two Toddle House restaurants in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 December","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-12-00"],"dcterms_description":["In this silent WSB newsfilm clip from December 1963, civil rights workers, primarily African Americans, protest segregation at two Toddle House restaurants in Atlanta, Georgia. The clip intersperses scenes from inside and outside the restaurants. It begins with a Toddle House sign advertising \"Food you enjoy.\" Inside the restaurant African American and white demonstrators sit at one end of a lunch counter while white patrons sit at the other end of the counter. While the protesters appear to wait for service, an African American photographer takes pictures, and a white policeman watches the group. A white man, possibly a restaurant manager, speaks to the students sitting at the counter one by one and pushes a microphone away; Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) member John Lewis is seen sitting at the counter. An African American young man stands near two white men who are eating at a restaurant booth. Later a white photographer takes pictures of the demonstrators and a white restaurant employee takes coffee cups and glasses away from the demonstrators at the counter. Other African Americans stand by the door or sit on the floor apparently waiting for empty seats to fill and white employees gather together. SNCC's John Lewis, sitting in the restaurant, speaks to a reporter; his comments are not recorded. Outside the restaurant a white policeman appears to lead a group from the restaurant, several students, African American and white, sing and clap their hands, and an Atlanta police car pulls into a parking lot. The camera focuses on the Toddle House sign again as well as on customers exiting the building and standing outside as well as on another Atlanta police vehicle that drives past. A crowd gathers in front of the restaurant and white men walk down the sidewalk. Through the windows white employees are seen moving inside the restaurant. Next, a second Toddle House sign is seen and demonstrators crowd the entrance. White policemen supervise demonstrators as they walk away from the door and march on the sidewalk in front of Toddle House. On December 21 demonstrators began protesting segregation at the Toddle House on Peachtree. Twenty-one people were arrested; the imprisoned protesters later announced they would stay in jail for Christmas rather than pay the fine for violating anti-trespass laws. John Lewis was arrested Sunday, December 22 and was held with others on a one hundred dollar bond. On December 24 comedian Dick Gregory's pregnant wife, Lillian, and two other African Americans were arrested at the Toddle House on Peachtree. Demonstrators soon announced a new plan for legal defense; demonstrators had all purchased stock in Dobb's House, the parent company of Toddle House, and claimed rights to service as stockholders. They also planned to attend the January stockholders' meeting in Tennessee.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn45936"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Restaurants--Employees","Discrimination in restaurants--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","Sit-ins--Georgia--Atlanta","Police--Georgia--Atlanta","Police vehicles--Georgia--Atlanta","Photographers--Georgia--Atlanta","Singing--Georgia--Atlanta","Signs and signboards--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","Direct action--Georgia--Atlanta"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of civil rights workers protesting segregation during a sit-in at two Toddle House restaurants in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 December"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45936"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45936"],"dcterms_temporal":["1963-12-00"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn45936, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of civil rights workers protesting segregation during a sit-in at two Toddle House restaurants in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 December, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1128, 15:46/19:59, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 4 mins., 13 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Lewis, John, 1940-2020"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn44098","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of leaders of the Atlanta Summit Leadership Conference speaking to reporters at a press conference held in Atlanta Georgia, 1963 November 24","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Coleman, Clarence D.","Walden, A. T. (Austin Thomas), 1885-1965","Fox, Larry","Hill, Jesse, 1926-"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-11-24"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from November 24, 1963, leaders of the Summit Leadership Conference speak to reporters at a press conference about civil rights efforts in Atlanta, Georgia. The clip begins with conference co-chair Clarence Coleman of the National Urban League explaining that the Summit Leadership Conference first met on October 19 which lead to the creation and distribution of a document titled \"Action for Democracy\" assessing many of the problems facing Atlanta's African American community. He reports that members of the Summit Leadership Conference have discussed the \"Action for Democracy\" with many city, county, and state officials and organizations and have appointments to meet with several other groups to discuss issues of health, housing, labor, education, and public accommodations. Coleman announces that after completing the series of conferences the Summit Leadership Conference, will make recommendations for action to conference participants. African American attorney A. T. Walden, also a co-chair of the Summit Leadership Conference, adds that the latest conference meeting included a \"very full representation today from all of the ten sponsoring organizations.\"  He notes participants at the meeting agreed that the discussions with civil and professional organizations were helpful and that it was not yet time to make an evaluation for further action. A reporter asks if there will be more demonstrations following the two days of demonstrations on November 21 and 22. Walden indicates that the demonstrations, led by Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) leader Ralph D. Abernathy as part of Operation Breadbasket and the student group Committee on Appeal for Human Rights (COAHR) leader Larry Fox, are suspended for the time being following the assassination of president John F. Kennedy. Fox, asked if he is pleased with the progress, says that the token progress does not provide the ultimate goal of complete desegregation and pledges to continue working with the Summit Leadership Conference for the same goals outlined previously. Asked further about demonstrations the previous week, Coleman reminds the reporter that the previous week's demonstrations were part of negotiations that began before the conference's creation. He also mentions that \"the responsible activities of any organization\" are not dictated by the Summit Leadership Conference. He also believes that in light of the president's recent assassination a pause to demonstrations is a \"wholesome development.\"  When the reporter asks how long the demonstrations will be postponed, Fox confirms that a decision about resuming the demonstrations has not yet been made. Next Walden replies to the reporter's question about the effect of president Kennedy's assassination, asserting that most people have not had time to assess the new situation. He suggests that although some intensity may be lost, because Lyndon B. Johnson has worked closely with John F. Kennedy in civil rights efforts, Walden believes policies favorable to civil rights will continue. Coleman suggests that insurance agent Jesse Hill read the official statement calling churches and other organizations to mourn the president and to \"move forward with dignity, wisdom, courage, and increased devotion to the cause of freedom.\"  After a break in the clip Coleman reports on the results of the meetings with the Fulton County Commissioners and the Chamber of Commerce which led to a Chamber resolution urging business to \"open up their public facilities.\"  He also shares the fact that the conference urged Atlanta Board of Aldermen and mayor to consider dealing with some of the issues in \"Action for Democracy.\"  The clip breaks again and Coleman emphasizes the usefulness of direct action, saying that \"we cannot expect to continue to negotiate for the rest of our lives\" although some believe the conference method should be used to its fullest potential before considering other action. He announces the Summit Leadership Conference will meet again soon and hopes soon to make recommendations to member organizations. The Summit Leadership Conference was created October 19, 1963 as a coordinating group for existing civil rights organizations and efforts in Atlanta. Members of the group met with local white leaders and on December 15, 1963 hosted a march in Atlanta patterned after the August 28 March on Washington.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn44098"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Municipal officials and employees--Georgia--Atlanta","African American lawyers--Georgia--Atlanta","Lawyers--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","Negotiation--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Politics and government","Civil rights movements--Georgia--Atlanta","Discrimination in public accommodations--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","Direct action--Georgia--Atlanta","United States--Politics and government"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of leaders of the Atlanta Summit Leadership Conference speaking to reporters at a press conference held in Atlanta Georgia, 1963 November 24"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn44098"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn44098"],"dcterms_temporal":["1963-11-24"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn44098, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of leaders of the Atlanta Summit Leadership Conference speaking to reporters at a press conference held in Atlanta Georgia, 1963 November 24, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1005, 23:43/34:35, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 10 mins., 52 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Coleman, Clarence D.","Walden, A. T. (Austin Thomas), 1885-1965","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Fox, Larry Crawford, 1944-","Hill, Jesse, 1926-2012","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963--Assassination"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45079","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of white men picketing recently integrated restaurants in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 June 30","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1963-06-30"],"dcterms_description":["In this silent WSB newsfilm clip from June 30, 1963, unidentified white men picket recently integrated restaurants and Lester Maddox walks near the protesters in Atlanta, Georgia.","The clip begins with a white man picketing in front of a restaurant, possibly Johnny Reb's Canteen in Atlanta, Georgia. The man carries a sign with the slogan \"Do not eat here. The owner practices integration.\" Lester Maddox, segregationist owner of The Pickrick restaurant walks down the street and stands across the street from an unidentified restaurant. Another unidentified white man pickets in front of another restaurant. His sign has the slogan \"Do not eat here. The owner of this business is a leader for integration.\" Maddox is seen again, apparently speaking to someone off-camera. Finally a white youth pickets in front of \"Ye Olde Herren's\"; his picket sign has a similar slogan to the other two seen.","In March 1960, African American students in Atlanta, Georgia, began organized, sustained protests of segregation. Negotiations in March 1961 led to the desegregation of many downtown lunch counters in September 1961. Another phase of demonstrations began on April 27, 1963 when students began sit-ins at segregated restaurants and hotels in Atlanta. Over one hundred African American and white students were arrested during the demonstrations. On May 30 the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce Board of Directors unanimously issued a policy statement encouraging all businesses serving the public to desegregate immediately; Atlanta restaurants ignored the plea and demonstrations continued. On June 25 thirty-five restaurants planned to quietly desegregate their facilities, ending most of the demonstrations; no list of integrated restaurants was published. According to the Atlanta Journal, one proprietor agreed to integrate on a thirty-day trial, planning to continue integrated service if there were no problems. On June 30 several white men picketed four known integrated restaurants. Lester Maddox, owner of the still-segregated Pickrick, told a reporter he anticipated the number of anti-integration picketers to start small but to increase, possibly to a thousand picketers. He also mentioned that he was considering publishing a city-wide list of desegregated places. Most of the thirty-five restaurants resegregated before the end of the year. The city's restaurants did not widely desegregate until after the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act in July 1964 which included a \"public accommodations\" provision prohibiting businesses engaging in interstate commerce from segregating.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn45079"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","Restaurants--Georgia--Atlanta","Discrimination in restaurants--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","Demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","Direct action--Georgia--Atlanta","Men, White--Georgia--Atlanta","Central business districts--Georgia--Atlanta","Picketing--Georgia--Atlanta","Signs and signboards--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregationists--Georgia--Atlanta"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of white men picketing recently integrated restaurants in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 June 30"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45079"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn45079"],"dcterms_temporal":["1963-06-30"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn45079, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of white men picketing recently integrated restaurants in Atlanta, Georgia, 1963 June 30, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1081, 48:42/49:59, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 1 mins., 17 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null}],"pages":{"current_page":2,"next_page":3,"prev_page":1,"total_pages":4,"limit_value":12,"offset_value":12,"total_count":40,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false},"facets":[{"name":"type_facet","items":[{"value":"StillImage","hits":21},{"value":"MovingImage","hits":18},{"value":"Text","hits":1}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":16,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"creator_facet","items":[{"value":"WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)","hits":18},{"value":"Wilson, Bill (William Bryan), 1914-1993","hits":15},{"value":"Hatfield, Edward A.","hits":1},{"value":"Stanford, William, Sr.","hits":1}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"subject_facet","items":[{"value":"Direct action--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":40},{"value":"Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":34},{"value":"Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":30},{"value":"African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":23},{"value":"Civil rights movements--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":23},{"value":"Picketing--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":22},{"value":"African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":19},{"value":"Central business districts--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":17},{"value":"Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":17},{"value":"African American neighborhoods--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":16},{"value":"Discrimination in housing--Georgia--Atlanta","hits":15}],"options":{"sort":"count","limit":11,"offset":0,"prefix":null}},{"name":"subject_personal_facet","items":[{"value":"King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","hits":8},{"value":"Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","hits":4},{"value":"Abernathy, Juanita, 1929-","hits":3},{"value":"King, Coretta Scott, 1927-2006","hits":3},{"value":"King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968--Interviews","hits":3},{"value":"Bond, Julian, 1940-2015","hits":2},{"value":"Johnson, Lyndon B. 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