{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"luu_ibe","title":"Integration and the Black experience at LSU","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":["T. Harry Williams Center for Oral History"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Louisiana, East Baton Rouge Parish, 30.53824, -91.09562","United States, Louisiana, East Baton Rouge Parish, Baton Rouge, 30.44332, -91.18747"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1990/1999"],"dcterms_description":["Integration and the Black Experience at LSU includes audio files and transcripts from interviews conducted from 1985 to 1998 of African American students, faculty, and administrators at LSU during integration (1950-1970).","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["System requirements: To listen to the audio files you need RealPlayer."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-OW-EU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Louisiana State University (Baton Rouge, La.)--Alumni and alumnae","Louisiana State University (Baton Rouge, La.)","College integration--Louisiana--Baton Rouge","African American college students--Louisiana--Baton Rouge","African Americans--Segregation--Louisiana","Baton Rouge (La.)--Race relations","Civil rights movements--Louisiana","Segregation--Louisiana"],"dcterms_title":["Integration and the Black experience at LSU"],"dcterms_type":["Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["LSU Libraries. Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.lib.lsu.edu/content/integration-and-black-experience-lsu"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)","sound recordings","transcripts"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Crump, Maxine, 1946-","Hamilton, Leo C., 1951-","Tureaud, Alexander Pierre, Jr."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_c-0071","title":"Oral history interview with Paul Hardin Jr., December 8, 1989","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Mathews, Donald G.","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, DeKalb County, 33.77153, -84.22641","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798","United States, North Carolina, 35.50069, -80.00032"],"dcterms_creator":["Hardin, Paul"],"dc_date":["1989-12-08"],"dcterms_description":["Bishop Paul Hardin presided over the Council of Methodist Bishops during the 1960s and started the process of integrating the denomination. In this interview, he recalls how he got involved in Methodist ministry and became one of the first theology students at Emory University. He also describes some of the issues unique to leading a southern congregation, especially controversy over racial integration. Hardin served as pastor for the First Methodist Church of Birmingham throughout the early 1960s and remembers welcoming black attendees while excluding the White Citizen's Council against the wishes of his congregation. He used humor and personal conviction to oppose Governor George Wallace's segregationist stance and push white and black pastors past their reservations about working together. His commitment to interracial cooperation stemmed from his support of the reunification of the southern and northern Methodists in 1939 and from his father's early support for integration. He feels his life work contrasts with Martin Luther King's criticism of him and other progressive ministers in the \"Letter from Birmingham Jail.\"","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Southern States--Race relations","Methodist Church--Clergy--North Carolina","Methodist Church--North Carolina--Clergy","Emory University--Students","Methodist Church--Southern States","Race relations--Religious aspects--Christianity","Civil rights--Religious aspects--Christianity"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Paul Hardin Jr., December 8, 1989"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0071/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Dec. 21, 2007).","Interview participants: Paul Hardin, Jr., interviewee; Donald Mathews, interviewer.","Duration: 01:23:00.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-CH digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Mike Millner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Hardin, Paul"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"kdl_abrad_19891111tachau","title":"Interview with Eric Tachau and Mary Tachau, November 11, 1989","collection_id":"kdl_abrad","collection_title":"Anne Braden Oral History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Tachau, Mary K. Bonsteel, 1926-"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Kentucky, Jefferson County, Louisville, 38.25424, -85.75941","United States, Southern States, 33.346678, -84.119434"],"dcterms_creator":["Tachau, Eric, 1924-2002"],"dc_date":["1989-11-11"],"dcterms_description":["Interview with Eric and Mary K. Tachau, November 11, 1989 conducted by Catherine Fosl.","Eric Tachau was vice president of the Louisville Fire and Marine Company who in 1954 he insured a house in a white neighborhood, Shively, for an African American couple, Andrew and Charlotte Wade, that was soon after bombed. In this interview, Eric Tachau discusses his motivation for insuring the house and gives reasons for the bombing that are not related to the Brown v. Board of Education decision. He also speaks about how the community labeled Anne and Carl Braden as communists after the Wade incident. Mary K. Tachau was a history professor at University of Louisville and she discusses being on the Kentucky Civil Liberties Union board, school desegregation, and Anne Braden's views about school desegregation in Jefferson County."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","Civil rights movements--United States","American Civil Liberties Union of Kentucky","Discrimination in housing","Segregation","Racism","Segregation in education","School integration","Insurance agents--Kentucky--Louisville","Discrimination in insurance--Kentucky--Louisville","Race relations","Louisville (Ky.)--Race relations","Discrimination in medical care--Kentucky--Louisville","Louisville Urban League","Presidents--Election--1948","Presidents--Election--1984","Progressive Party (U.S. : 1948)","National Rainbow Coalition (U.S.)","Communist Party of the United States of America","Communists--United States","African American household employees--Kentucky--Louisville","African Americans--Violence against--Kentucky--Louisville","Bombings--Kentucky--Louisville","Discrimination in housing--Kentucky--Louisville","Segregation--Kentucky--Louisville","Racism--Kentucky--Louisville","Segregation in education--Kentucky--Louisville","School integration--Kentucky--Louisville","Courier-journal (Louisville, Ky.)","Cold War--Influence","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957--Influence","Feminists--Kentucky--Louisville","Brown, Oliver, 1918- --Trials, litigation, etc."],"dcterms_title":["Interview with Eric Tachau and Mary Tachau, November 11, 1989"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Kentucky"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://kentuckyoralhistory.org/ark:/16417/xt79319s280r"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["All rights to the interviews, including but not restricted to legal title, copyrights and literary property rights, have been transferred to the University of Kentucky Libraries."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)","sound recordings","transcripts"],"dcterms_extent":["1 interview :  [00:58:38]"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Tachau, Eric, 1924-2002--Interviews","Tachau, Mary K. Bonsteel, 1926- --Interviews","Wade, Andrew, IV","Brown, Oliver, 1918-1961","Braden, Anne, 1924-2006","Braden, Carl, 1914-1975","Wallace, Henry A. (Henry Agard), 1888-1965","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Jackson, Jesse, 1941-","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957","Johnson, Lyman T., 1906-1997"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"kdl_abrad_19891108wade","title":"Interview with Andrew Wade, November 8, 1989","collection_id":"kdl_abrad","collection_title":"Anne Braden Oral History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Fosl, Catherine"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Kentucky, Jefferson County, Louisville, 38.25424, -85.75941"],"dcterms_creator":["Wade, Andrew, IV"],"dc_date":["1989-11-08"],"dcterms_description":["Interview with Andrew Wade, November 8, 1989 conducted by Catherine Fosl.","Andrew Wade was an African American electrical contractor who was an acquaintance of Anne and Carl Braden. In 1954, after trying to buy a house for months with no success, the Bradens bought a home for Wade and his family in Shively, an all-white neighborhood in Louisville, Kentucky. In this interview, Wade discusses the frustration he found in trying to buy a home in a neighborhood of his choosing and his determination to do so in the face of racial discrimination. He speaks about his white neighbors' fears and tensions that arose eventually leading to the bombing of his home. The sedition case that followed the bombing, Wade's feelings about the commonwealth's attorney, Scott Hamilton, and the Bradens' reputation after the incident are also discussed."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights","Civil rights movements--United States","Civil rights workers--Kentucky--Louisville","Communism","Discrimination in housing--Kentucky--Louisville","Louisville (Ky.)--Race relations","Intimidation--Kentucky--Louisville","Sedition","Communism--Kentucky--Louisville","African American veterans--Kentucky--Louisville","African American civil rights workers--Kentucky--Louisville","Real property--Kentucky--Louisville","Real estate developers--Kentucky--Louisville","Neighborhoods--Kentucky--Louisville","Race relations","Bombings--Kentucky--Louisville","Trials (Sedition)--Kentucky--Louisville","Discrimination in insurance--Kentucky--Louisville","Electricians--Kentucky--Louisville","Electricians--Labor unions--Kentucky--Louisville","Race discrimination--Kentucky--Louisville","Racism in the press--Kentucky--Louisville"],"dcterms_title":["Interview with Andrew Wade, November 8, 1989"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Kentucky"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://kentuckyoralhistory.org/ark:/16417/xt7mcv4bpp1t"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["All rights to the interviews, including but not restricted to legal title, copyrights and literary property rights, have been transferred to the University of Kentucky Libraries."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)","sound recordings","transcripts"],"dcterms_extent":["1 interview :  [00:29:15]"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Wade, Andrew, IV--Interviews","Braden, Anne, 1924-2006","Braden, Carl, 1914-1975","Hamilton, A. Scott"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"kdl_abrad_19891108","title":"Interview with Anne Braden, November 8, 1989","collection_id":"kdl_abrad","collection_title":"Anne Braden Oral History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Fosl, Catherine"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Kentucky, Jefferson County, Louisville, 38.25424, -85.75941","United States, New York, Peekskill","United States, New York, Westchester County, 41.15148, -73.75339","United States, Virginia, Hanover County, 37.76015, -77.49087","United States, Virginia, Hanover County, Ashland, 37.75903, -77.47998"],"dcterms_creator":["Braden, Anne, 1924-2006"],"dc_date":["1989-11-08"],"dcterms_description":["Interview with Anne Braden, November 8, 1989 conducted by Catherine Fosl.","Anne Braden was a white southern anti-racist activist, organizer and journalist from Louisville, Kentucky. In this interview, Braden discusses the Gandhi Corps, an interracial group of local teens who held demonstrations against segregation. She speaks about the early 1950s and she and Carl Braden's political life shifting more to the left as they began to work with other organizations besides unions and support the Progressive Party. Braden also talks about the factors that led her to protest against the Korean War."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Women civil rights workers--Interviews","Civil rights movements--United States","African Americans--Civil rights","Gandhi Corps","Korean War, 1950-1953","Progressive Party (U.S. : 1948)","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Trials (Sedition)--Kentucky","Students for a Democratic Society (U.S.)","Race relations","Louisville (Ky.)--Race relations","Youth--Political activity--Kentucky--Louisville","African American youth--Political activity--Kentucky--Louisville","Civil rights workers--United States","African American civil rights workers--United States","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Segregation--Southern States","Randolph-Macon College","College students--Political activity--Virginia--Ashland","College teachers--Political activity--Virginia--Ashland","World War, 1939-1945","Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.)","Hiroshima-shi (Japan)--History--Bombardment, 1945","Labor unions--Kentucky--Louisville","African Americans--Violence against--New York--Peekskill","Rosenberg, Julius, 1918-1953--Trials, litigation, etc.","Rosenberg, Ethel, 1915-1953--Trials, litigation, etc.","American Peace Crusade","Peace Information Center","Du Bois, W. E. B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963--Trials, litigation, etc.","McGee, Willie, 1915-1951--Trials, litigation, etc.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities","Braden, Anne, 1924-2006--Interviews"],"dcterms_title":["Interview with Anne Braden, November 8, 1989"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Kentucky"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://kentuckyoralhistory.org/ark:/16417/xt783b5w730m"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["All rights to the interviews, including but not restricted to legal title, copyrights and literary property rights, have been transferred to the University of Kentucky Libraries."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)","sound recordings","transcripts"],"dcterms_extent":["1 interview : [00:52:49]"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Braden, Anne, 1924-2006","Braden, Carl, 1914-1975","Hayden, Tom","Vivian, C. T.","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Arnall, Ellis Gibbs, 1907-1992","Wallace, Henry A. (Henry Agard), 1888-1965","Robeson, Paul, 1898-1976","Rosenberg, Julius, 1918-1953","Rosenberg, Ethel, 1915-1953","Du Bois, W. E. B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963","McGee, Willie, 1915-1951"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"kdl_abrad_19891107moffett","title":"Interview with Tom Moffett, November 7, 1989","collection_id":"kdl_abrad","collection_title":"Anne Braden Oral History Project","dcterms_contributor":["Fosl, Catherine"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Kentucky, Jefferson County, Louisville, 38.25424, -85.75941"],"dcterms_creator":["Moffett, Thomas, 1924-"],"dc_date":["1989-11-07"],"dcterms_description":["Interview with Tom Moffett, November 7, 1989 conducted by Catherine Fosl.","Tom Moffett is a retired pastor and activist from Louisville, Kentucky. In this interview, he discusses pastoring a Presbyterian Church with an integrated congregation in the mid-1960s. Moffett speaks about his commitment to social justice and befriending Anne Braden in spite of beliefs held by many in the community that she was a Communist."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights workers--Interviews","Church and social problems","Presbyterian Church","Civil rights movements--United States","Communism--United States","Clergy--Kentucky--Louisville","Presbyterian Church--Clergy","Race relations","Louisville (Ky.)--Race relations","Trials (Sedition)--Kentucky","Communities--Kentucky--Louisville","Community activists--Kentucky--Louisville","Busing for school integration--Kentucky--Louisville","Christian ethics--Kentucky--Louisville","Social justice--Religious aspects--Christianity","Cooperation--Kentucky--Louisville"],"dcterms_title":["Interview with Tom Moffett, November 7, 1989"],"dcterms_type":["Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Kentucky"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://kentuckyoralhistory.org/ark:/16417/xt7wst7ds478"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["All rights to the interviews, including but not restricted to legal title, copyrights and literary property rights, have been transferred to the University of Kentucky Libraries."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)","sound recordings","transcripts"],"dcterms_extent":["1 interview :  [00:22:46]"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Moffett, Thomas, 1924- --Interviews","Braden, Anne, 1924-2006","Braden, Carl, 1914-1975"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_c-0084","title":"Oral history interview with Eva Clayton, July 18, 1989","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Nasstrom, Kathryn L.","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Warren County, 36.39659, -78.1069","United States, North Carolina, Warren County, Soul City, 36.40848, -78.27027"],"dcterms_creator":["Clayton, Eva M."],"dc_date":["1989-07-18"],"dcterms_description":["Activist and politician Eva Clayton grew up as the daughter of a successful insurance executive in Savannah, Georgia. She came with her husband to North Carolina, and while raising four children and working toward advanced degrees, she became a leading figure in the civil rights movement of the early 1960s. Her activism experience drew her to service, and she spent years working with economic and social development organizations in and out of North Carolina government, including the Soul City Foundation and the Warren County Board of Commissioners, on which she was serving at the time of this interview. Three years later, in 1992, she would win a seat in the United States House of Representatives, where she would serve until 2003. In this interview, Clayton remembers a career spent in community development. In addition to helping lead the effort to establish Soul City, an attempt to create a new kind of rural community, she served as assistant secretary at the state Department of Natural Resources and Community Development. This interview follows the career of a successful black woman who sought to share her vision of economic possibility and social progress with her community.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Women in politics--North Carolina","African American women in politics--North Carolina","North Carolina--Biography","African American politicians--North Carolina","African American women--North Carolina","North Carolina--Officials and employees","Community development--North Carolina","City planning--North Carolina--Soul City","Civil rights movements--North Carolina","Soul City (N.C.)"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Eva Clayton, July 18, 1989"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0084/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Nov. 14, 2008).","Interview participants: Eva Clayton, interviewee; Kathryn Nasstrom, interviewer.","Duration: 01:03:58.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Mike Millner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Clayton, Eva M."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_c-0074","title":"Oral history interview with Josephine Clement, July 13 and August 3, 1989","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Nasstrom, Kathryn L.","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Durham County, Durham, 35.99403, -78.89862"],"dcterms_creator":["Clement, Josephine"],"dc_date":["1989-07-13/1989-08-03"],"dcterms_description":["Josephine Dobbs Clement (1918-1998) was one of six daughters born to Irene Ophelia Thompson Dobbs and John Wesley Dobbs. Her father was a prominent businessman in Atlanta, Georgia. Clement received her bachelor's degree from Spelman College in 1937 and her master's from Columbia University the following year. In the late 1940s, she moved with her husband, William A. Clement, to Durham, North Carolina, where she was active in local politics and social justice movements. In this interview, she describes how her father instilled within her a sense of justice and the tools to protest inequality. In keeping with this heritage, when she arrived in Durham, she quickly became active in the YWCA and the League of Women's Voters, helping to desegregate both of them. Throughout the interview, she maintains that her identities as a woman and an African American could not and should not be fractured. Rather, she argues, true freedom will only come when both racial and gender hierarchies are destroyed. Though her husband became politically active during the 1960s, she did not do so to the same extent. Instead, she participated in activities that concerned her children, and became involved in her community through those outlets. Eventually, these activities led to an appointment to the Durham City-County Charter Commission. After that, she ran for a seat on the city's board of education. During her time on the board, the courts ordered the city schools to desegregate, a change which prompted white flight and drastically altered the racial composition of the city. For a time, she chaired the board, and under her leadership, the city selected its first African American superintendent of schools. After a decade of working with the board of education, Clement decided to resign, and she became a county commissioner. Clement believes that her various civic roles have allowed her to accomplish some of the social change she desired, though she sees more that needs to occur. At the end of the interview, Clement explains how she tries to balance her concerns for social justice, her interest in environmental issues and her pragmatic recognition that new building in Durham is inevitable. After this interview was completed, Clement remained politically active and even co-chaired the successful gubernatorial campaigns of Democrat James Hunt in Durham County in 1980 and 1984.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["School integration--North Carolina","North Carolina--Race relations","African American women in politics--North Carolina","Durham (N.C.)--Politics and government","North Carolina--Biography","African American women civil rights workers--North Carolina--Durham","African American politicians--North Carolina--Durham","Women local officials and employees--North Carolina--Durham","Durham County (N.C.)--Politics and government","Durham (N.C.)--Race relations","School integration--North Carolina--Durham","Education, Secondary--North Carolina--Durham","School boards--African American membership--North Carolina--Durham","African Americans--Civil rights--North Carolina--Durham"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Josephine Clement, July 13 and August 3, 1989"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/C-0074/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Oct. 24, 2008).","Interview participants: Josephine Clement, interviewee; Kathryn Nasstrom, interviewer.","Duration: 01:46:33.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Mike Millner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Clement, Josephine"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_l-0043","title":"Oral history interview with Pat Cusick, June 19, 1989","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Dean, Pamela","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Cusick, Pat"],"dc_date":["1989-06-19"],"dcterms_description":["Pat Cusick discusses how his educational and military experiences altered his views on race. His relationships with blacks and exposure to racially progressive ideas provided a basis for his later civil rights activism. He was dissatisfied with the state of liberalism on the University of North Carolina campus. He also comments on what he saw as the hypocrisy and civil masks of Chapel Hill liberalism, which in his view prevented effective social progress. Cusick describes his participation in civil rights demonstrations as part of the anti-war Student Peace Union. Through his anti-war efforts, Cusick became aware of other social movements on campus. He laments his idealistic belief in what he came to view as the liberal facade of Chapel Hill. He regrets not pressuring the University to do more, though his activities did result in jail time. Cusick describes the formative impact his prison time had in stirring up his radicalism, emboldening his support of nonviolent strategies, and connecting with other like-minded activists. He explains how his stance against segregated prisons led to a lengthy hunger strike. Governor Terry Sanford's slow response in desegregating public facilities was a disappointment to him. He discusses the massive legal trial against civil rights demonstrators and his subsequent departure from North Carolina. Cusick moved to Boston, Massachusetts, where he became aware of northern racial prejudice, and where he engaged in social and economic justice endeavors. It was not until Massachusetts enacted a policy in 1988 against gay adoption that Cusick publicly came out as a gay man. 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