{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"dde_littlerock","title":"Civil rights-- Little Rock school integration","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957/1958"],"dcterms_description":["This online collection contains a telegram from President Eisenhower to Governor Orval Faubus calling for the peaceful integration of Central High School; a telegram from Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus stating his travel arrangements to meet President Eisenhower for a conference at his vacation headquarters in Rhode Island; a press release stating Governor Faubus' intention of cooperating with the integration of Central High School after his conference with President Eisenhower; a diary entry concerning the September 14, 1957 meeting between President Eisenhower and Governor Faubus in Newport, Rhode Island;  a press release statement by President Eisenhower discussing the major events occurring in the City of Little Rock on September 20, 1957; a telegram to President Eisenhower from Woodrow Wilson Mann, Major of Little Rock describing the mob activity at Central High School on September 23, 1957; an Obstruction of Justice Proclamation from President Eisenhower ordering those hindering the integration of Central High to cease and desist; a Proclamation providing for the Removal of an Obstruction of Justice within the State of Arkansas, September 24, 1957; a telegram from Woodrow Wilson Mann to President Eisenhower pleading for federal troops to restore order and complete the integration process in Arkansas; a letter from President Eisenhower to General Alfred Gruenther; handwritten notes by President Eisenhower on decision to send troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, September 1957; a press release, containing speech on radio and television by President Eisenhower, September 24, 1957; an undated draft of speech on Little Rock; a summary of telephone conversations between President Eisenhower and Attorney General Herbert Brownell, Jr. on September 24, 1957 after the Obstruction of Justice Proclamation was issued; a summary of telephone calls made by President Eisenhower on September 25, 1957; a telegram from Congressman Oren Harris of Arkansas to President Eisenhower protesting the ordering of federal troops to enforce school integration; a letter from  President Eisenhower to Congressman Oren Harris, September 30, 1957; a telegram from Georgia Senator Richard B. Russell to President Eisenhower condemning the use of federal troops to mix the races in public schools in Little Rock; a letter from President Eisenhower to Senator Russell, September 27, 1957; a telegram from the parents of the nine African-American students to President Eisenhower, October 1, 1957; a letter from President Eisenhower to Mr. W.B. Brown, father of one of the Little Rock Nine on October 4, 1957 [identical letter sent to each set of parents]; a telegram from Senator John Stennis, Mississippi to President Eisenhower, October 1, 1957 deploring forced integration of public schools; a letter from President Eisenhower to Senator Stennis, October 7, 1957; a letter from J. Lee Rankin, U.S. Solicitor General, to Sherman Adams, Assistant to the President, concerning list of Court orders and plans for school desegregation, October 28, 1957; undated attachments to Rankin letter listing court orders and plans for school desegregation; several situation reports between December 17, 1957 and March 10, 1958 regarding Central High?s adjustment after integration; a letter from Jackie Robinson to President Eisenhower, May 13, 1958; and a letter from President Eisenhower to Jackie Robinson, June 4, 1958.","\"On May 17, 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Brown vs. Topeka Board of Education that segregated schools are \"inherently unequal.\"  In September 1957, as a result of that ruling, nine African-American students enrolled at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. The ensuing struggle between segregationists and integrationists, the State of Arkansas and the federal government, President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus has become known in modern American history as the \"Little Rock Crisis.\" The crisis gained attention world-wide. When Governor Faubus ordered the Arkansas National Guard to surround Central High School to keep the nine students from entering the school, President Eisenhower ordered the 101st Airborne Division into Little Rock to insure the safety of the \"Little Rock Nine\" and that the rulings of the Supreme Court were upheld. The manuscript holdings of the Eisenhower Library contain a large amount of documentation on this historic test of the Brown vs. Topeka ruling and school integration.\"--Eisenhower Library Web page.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["System requirements: Adobe Acrobat reader."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Segregation in education--Law and legislation--United States","Discrimination in education--Law and legislation--United States","African Americans--Civil rights--United States","Segregation--Southern States","Obstruction of justice--Arkansas--Little Rock","Federal-state controversies--Arkansas--Little Rock","Intervention (Federal government)","Executive orders","Federal-city relations--United States","Government, Resistance to--Arkansas--Little Rock","Arkansas--Politics and government--1951-","African Americans--Government policy","United States--Politics and government--1953-1961","Civil rights movement--United States","High school students--Political activity","Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","Mobs--Arkansas--Little Rock","Race riots--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Massive resistance movement"],"dcterms_title":["Civil rights-- Little Rock school integration"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Dwight D. Eisenhower Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/research/online-documents/civil-rights-little-rock-school-integration-crisis"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["texts (document genres)","press releases","diaries","telegrams","letters (correspondence)","transcripts","reports"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Faubus, Orval Eugene, 1910-1994","Mann, Woodrow Wilson, 1916-2002","Gruenther, Alfred M. (Alfred Maximilian), 1899-1983","Harris, Oren, 1903-","Russell, Richard B. (Richard Brevard), 1897-1971","Brown, W. B.","Stennis, John C. (John Cornelius), 1901-1995","Robinson, Jackie, 1919-1972","Brownell, Herbert, Jr., 1904-1996","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969--Correspondence","Faubus, Orval Eugene, 1910-1994--Correspondence","Mann, Woodrow Wilson, 1916-2002--Correspondence","Gruenther, Alfred M. (Alfred Maximilian), 1899-1983--Correspondence","Harris, Oren, 1903- --Correspondence","Russell, Richard B. (Richard Brevard), 1897-1971--Correspondence","Brown, W. B.--Correspondence","Stennis, John C. (John Cornelius), 1901-1995--Correspondence","Robinson, Jackie, 1919-1972--Correspondence"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mus_sovcom_99-111-0","title":"Negro race - economic status","collection_id":"mus_sovcom","collection_title":"Sovereignty Commission Online","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, Bolivar County, 33.79554, -90.8804","United States, Mississippi, Bolivar County, Cleveland, 33.744, -90.72482","United States, Mississippi, Madison County, 32.63466, -90.03376","United States, Mississippi, Madison County, Canton, 32.61264, -90.03675"],"dcterms_creator":["Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission"],"dc_date":["1956/1977"],"dcterms_description":["Records collected by the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission on the economic conditions of African Americans in Mississippi. The file contains reports by the commission to the state legislature, letters from the Canton Chamber of Commerce and Cleveland, Mississippi, about the African American economic situation in the communities, and several editorials and pamphlets about the work of the Sovereignty Commission and supporting Mississippi.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["from Negro Race - Economic Status, Sovereignty Commission records, Mississippi Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":["Forms part of Series 2515 : Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records Online, 1994-2006"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Mississippi--Race relations--History--20th century","Race relations","African Americans--Economic conditions","Mass media and race relations--United States","Public opinion--Mississippi","African Americans--Mississippi","Legislative bodies--Mississippi","Federal-state controversies--Mississippi"],"dcterms_title":["Negro race - economic status"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Mississippi. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://www.mdah.ms.gov/arrec/digital_archives/sovcom/imagelisting.php?foldercheckbox%5B%5D=1073%7C99%7C111%7C%7C0"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["The Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records are state government records made available to the public pursuant to American Civil Liberties Union v. Fordice, 969 F.Supp. 403 (S.D.Miss.1994). The web-enabled version of the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records is intended for public use in research, teaching, and private study in accordance with the provisions of the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.). MDAH makes no warranty or assurances that materials contained in this collection are free from U.S. copyright claims or other restrictions on free use and display. It is the user's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions when publishing or distributing materials found in this collection. MDAH requests that prior to publication of Sov. Com. images the user submit an MDAH Broadcast/Publication Permission form for approval by the Department. This form must be accompanied by documentation which proves that copyright requirements have been satisfied. Contact MDAH Reference Staff for details on how to obtain and complete the B/PP form: (601) 576 6876 or refdesk@mdah.state.ms.us. There are no MDAH Use Fees associated with use of Sov. Com. images. MDAH asks that each image used in a presentation, display, or publication be accompanied by a credit line, which at a minimum includes the name of this collection, the unique resource identifier for each image, the name of this institution, and URL. ; Cite images according to the following structure: Original Creator, \"Title\", Original creation date (if known), Unique Resource Identifier, Series Number and Title, Archival Repository, date of last web page revision, image location/URL, (image viewed on date)."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["pamphlets","editorial cartoons","texts (document genres)","reports"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"loc_evenhand_br0118p1s","title":"Rosa Parks's arrest record","collection_id":"loc_evenhand","collection_title":"With an Even Hand: Brown vs. Board at Fifty","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Montgomery County, 32.22026, -86.20761","United States, Alabama, Montgomery County, Montgomery, 32.36681, -86.29997"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1955-12-05"],"dcterms_description":["Rosa Parks's arrest record, December 5, 1955, from Montgomery, Alabama. She was arrested for violating a Montgomery municipal law that mandated the segregation of city buses. This document shows that she was found guilty, fined ten dollars, and appealed the judgement.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Forms part of the \"With an Even Hand\": Brown v. Board at Fifty Collection, Library of Congress, Manuscripts Division, Washington, D.C."],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights--History--20th century","Segregation in transportation--Alabama--Montgomery","Segregation in transportation--Law and legislation--Alabama--Montgomery","Arrest--Alabama--Montgomery","Civil rights--Alabama--Montgomery","African Americans--Civil rights","African American women--Alabama--Montgomery","African Americans--Social conditions","Race discrimination--Alabama--Montgomery"],"dcterms_title":["Rosa Parks's arrest record"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Library of Congress"],"edm_is_shown_by":["http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/images/br0118p1s.jpg"],"edm_is_shown_at":["http://crdl.usg.edu/id:loc_evenhand_br0118p1s"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["texts (document genres)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Parks, Rosa, 1913-2005"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"dde_eisenhowercivilrightsfiles","title":"Civil rights-- Eisenhower \u0026 the Eisenhower administration","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1955/1960"],"dcterms_description":["This online collection includes Attorney General Herbert Brownell, Jr.'s cabinet paper summarizing the various steps taken by the Eisenhower administration to end racial segregation and discrimination in education, transportation, and hospitals; a press release praising the administration's contributions towards civil rights released by Val J. Washington, the Republican National Committee Director of Minorities; a memo from E. Frederic Morrow, Eisenhower's Administrative Officer for Special Projects and an African American, to Chief-of-Staff Sherman Adams regarding the repeated requests of African American leaders seeking to meet with President Eisenhower about race relations in the United States; a twenty-five page paper presenting contextual information about the origins of racial tension in the U.S.; correspondence between President Eisenhower and Rev. Billy Graham about methods by which ministers could promote progress and understanding of race relations; a letter from the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, J. Edgar Hoover to William H. Jackson, the Special Assistant to President Eisenhower about the monograph \"The Communist Party and the Negro from 1953-1956\"; a letter from Representative Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. urging President Eisenhower to make a statement in support of racial harmony in the South; a memo from Cabinet Secretary Maxwell Rabb to Sherman Adams regarding the proposed May 17, 1957 march at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.; a memo from E. Frederic Morrow to Sherman Adams addressing a meeting between African American leaders and President Eisenhower; a memo from Maxwell Rabb to Sherman Adams discussing the meeting of Dr. Martin Luther King and Reverend Ralph D. Abernathy and Vice President Richard M. Nixon on June 13, 1957; a memo from Maxwell Rabb to Sherman Adams discussing when and which African American leaders would meet with President Eisenhower; a memo detailing the recommendations reached after the meeting with African American leaders on June 23, 1958; a letter from NAACP Executive Director Roy Wilkins to President Eisenhower expressing gratitude for holding meeting with leaders; a memo from Rocco Siciliano, the Special Assistant to President Eisenhower declaring the meeting \"an unqualified success;\" and a memo prepared by E. Frederic Morrow entitled \"Student Protest Movement in the South, March 7, 1960\" which discusses the sit-in protest of four freshman from North Carolina A\u0026T College on February 1, 1960 at a Woolworth store in Greensboro, N.C.","\"The 1950s were a significant time period in the history of civil rights in this country.  The Eisenhower Administration worked quietly on this front.  The following documents include official government reports on civil rights, as well as President Eisenhower's personal views on this issue.\"--Eisenhower Library Web site.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["System requirements: Adobe Acrobat reader."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Segregation in education--Law and legislation--United States","Segregation in transportation--Law and legislation--United States","Discrimination in education--Law and legislation--United States","African Americans--Civil rights--United States","Discrimination in medical care--United States","Sit-ins--North Carolina--Greensboro","Direct action--Southern States","African Americans--Government policy","United States--Politics and government--1953-1961","Church and state--United States","African American civil rights workers--United States","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Civil rights movement--United States","Student movements--North Carolina--Greensboro","Protest marches--Washington (D.C.)","Communism--United States","Agricultural and Technical College of North Carolina--Students","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation","Meetings"],"dcterms_title":["Civil rights-- Eisenhower \u0026 the Eisenhower administration"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Dwight D. Eisenhower Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/research/online-documents/civil-rights-president-eisenhower-and-eisenhower-administration"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["texts (document genres)","letters (correspondence)","memorandums","reports"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Brownell, Herbert, Jr., 1904-1996","Washington, Val J., 1903-1995","Morrow, E. Frederic (Everett Frederic), 1909- ","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Graham, Billy, 1918-2018","Hoover, J. Edgar (John Edgar), 1895-1972","Powell, Adam Clayton, 1908-1972","Rabb, Maxwell M., 1910- ","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Wilkins, Roy, 1901-1981","Siciliano, Rocco C.","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969--Correspondence","Brownell, Herbert, Jr., 1904-1996--Correspondence","Washington, Val J., 1903-1995--Correspondence","Morrow, E. Frederic (Everett Frederic), 1909- --Correspondence","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986--Correspondence","Graham, Billy, 1918-2018--Correspondence","Hoover, J. Edgar (John Edgar), 1895-1972--Correspondence","Powell, Adam Clayton, 1908-1972--Correspondence","Rabb, Maxwell M., 1910- --Correspondence","Wilkins, Roy, 1901-1981--Correspondence","Siciliano, Rocco C.--Correspondence"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"dde_emmetttillcase","title":"Civil rights-- Emmett Till case","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, Tallahatchie County, 33.95047, -90.17326","United States, Mississippi, Tallahatchie County, Sumner, 33.97095, -90.3687"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1955/1956"],"dcterms_description":["This online collection contains a telegram from the Chicago Defender to the White House about the kidnapping and lynching of Emmett Louis Till on September 1, 1955; a letter from J. William Barba, Assistant to the Special Counsel of the President to the Chicago Defender on September 2, 1955, a telegram from Mrs. Mamie Bradley, mother of Emmett Till, to President Eisenhower on September 2, 1955; a document summarizing letters sent to President Eisenhower submitted to the Department of Justice by Chief-of-Staff Sherman Adams on September 6, 1955; a letter from J. Edgar Hoover to Dillon Anderson, Special Assistant to the President about The Communist Party?s campaign protesting the murder of Emmett Till; a letter form Dillon Anderson to J. Edgar Hoover; a memorandum from the National Administrative Committee about the Emmett Louis Till lynching; a letter from J. Edgar Hoover to Dillon Anderson on October 11, 1955; a letter from William Nunn of the Pittsburgh Courier to Cabinet Secretary Maxwell Rabb suggesting officials make a statement condemning the Emmett Till lynching; a letter from J. Edgar Hoover, Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, to Dillon Anderson providing a copy of letter issued by Communist Party, USA to exert pressure against the Eisenhower administration in regards to the Emmett Till lynching; a memorandum for the Record deploring the Emmett Till lynching from E. Frederic Morrow, Eisenhower?s Administrative Officer for Special Projects; a memorandum from E. Frederic Morrow to Maxwell Rabb; a letter from Roy Wilkins, Executive Director of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People to E. Frederic Morrow; a memorandum from Maxwell Rabb to James Hagerty, Press Secretary about Mrs. Mamie Bradley alleged involvement with the Communist Party; and a memorandum from Maxwell Rabb to James Hagerty on October 24, 1956.","\"In August 1955, a fourteen year old African American boy from Chicago named Emmett Till went to visit relatives near Money, Mississippi.  While he had experienced racial discrimination in his hometown of Chicago, he was unaccustomed to the severe segregation he encountered in Mississippi.  Soon after talking in too friendly a manner with a young white woman in a store, he was kidnapped in the night at gunpoint and brutally murdered by two white men.  He was badly beaten before being shot and the corpse was nearly unrecognizable.  His mother insisted on an open casket funeral in Chicago and news of Emmett Till's murder shocked America and the world.  An all-white jury failed to convict the accused murderers, adding a further sense of injustice.  The case is viewed as a turning point in the civil rights movement because of the notoriety it gave to the plight of African Americans in the South.\"--Eisenhower Library Web page.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["System requirements: Adobe Acrobat reader."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American youth--Violence against--Mississippi","African Americans--Violence against--Mississippi--History--20th century","African Americans--Mississippi","Hate crimes--Mississippi","Lynching--Mississippi--History--20th century","Mississippi--Race relations","Racism--Mississippi--History--20th century","Trials (Murder)--Mississippi--Sumner"],"dcterms_title":["Civil rights-- Emmett Till case"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Dwight D. Eisenhower Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/research/online-documents/civil-rights-emmett-till-case"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["texts (document genres)","letters (correspondence)","memorandums","telegrams"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Till, Emmett, 1941-1955","Milam, J. W.","Till-Mobley, Mamie, d. 2003","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986","Hoover, J. Edgar (John Edgar), 1895-1972","Hagerty, James C. (James Campbell), 1909-1981","Morrow, E. Frederic (Everett Frederic), 1909- ","Wilkins, Roy, 1901-1981","Sengstacke, John Herman Henry, 1912-1997","Anderson, Dillon, 1906-1974","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Brownell, Herbert, Jr., 1904-1996","Till, Emmett, 1941-1955--Death and burial","Milam, J. W.--Trials, litigation, etc.","Till-Mobley, Mamie, d. 2003--Correspondence","Adams, Sherman, 1899-1986--Correspondence","Hoover, J. Edgar (John Edgar), 1895-1972--Correspondence","Hagerty, James C. (James Campbell), 1909-1981--Correspondence","Morrow, E. Frederic (Everett Frederic), 1909- --Correspondence","Wilkins, Roy, 1901-1981--Correspondence","Anderson, Dillon, 1906-1974--Correspondence","Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969--Correspondence"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_jad_jad119","title":"Essay, 1955, Confidential","collection_id":"suc_jad","collection_title":"Rev. Joseph A. DeLaine Papers ca. 1918-2000","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, New York, 43.00035, -75.4999","United States, South Carolina, Clarendon County, 33.66581, -80.2164","United States, South Carolina, Clarendon County, Summerton, 33.60822, -80.3512","United States, South Carolina, Florence County, 34.02439, -79.70282","United States, South Carolina, Florence County, Lake City, 33.871, -79.75535"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1955"],"dcterms_description":["Essay describing events of 10 Oct. 1955, in which Joseph A. DeLaine, Sr. returned gun fire after an unknown person or persons fired into his home; event forced him to flee Lake City, South Carolina for New York. This is the second of two drafts in the collection.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of online collection: Rev. Joseph A. DeLaine papers, ca. 1918-2000."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Legal size - 13439 - (Folder 9), Joseph Armstrong DeLaine papers, ca. 1918-2000,  South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbus, South Carolina."],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights--Southern States","African Americans--Civil rights--South Carolina","South Carolina--Social conditions--History--20th century","Clarendon County (S.C.)--Race relations","Lake City (S.C.)--Race relations","Public Schools--South Carolina--Summerton","Segregation in education--South Carolina--Clarendon County","Discrimination in education--South Carolina","Race discrimination--South Carolina","Race relations","African American civil rights workers--South Carolina--Lake City","Civil rights movements--South Carolina","African Americans--Violence against--South Carolina--Lake City"],"dcterms_title":["Essay, 1955, Confidential"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["South Caroliniana Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.tcl.sc.edu/digital/collection/jad/id/119"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["texts (document genres)","essays"],"dcterms_extent":["image/jpg"],"dlg_subject_personal":["De Laine, Joseph A. (Joseph Armstrong), 1898-1974"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"earch_eacr_718","title":"Desegregation of Central High School","collection_id":"earch_eacr","collection_title":"Encyclopedia of Arkansas History \u0026 Culture","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959"],"dcterms_creator":["Miller, Laura A."],"dc_date":["1954/1957"],"dcterms_description":["Entry on the event of the Desegregation of Central High School, the crisis that followed the attempt of nine African-American students to enroll at the all-white Little Rock high school. Article includes moving images, photographs, and documents.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":null,"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","School integration--Massive resistance movement--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Civil rights--Arkansas--Little Rock","African Americans--Education","Brown v. 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