{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"mus_sovcom_99-93-0","title":"SCEF - Louisiana","collection_id":"mus_sovcom","collection_title":"Sovereignty Commission Online","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Louisiana, Orleans Parish, 30.06864, -89.92813","United States, Louisiana, Orleans Parish, New Orleans, 29.95465, -90.07507"],"dcterms_creator":["Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission"],"dc_date":["1959/1964"],"dcterms_description":["Records collected by the Mississippi Sovereignty Commission on the Southern Conference Educational Fund (SCEF). The file includes correspondence from Jim Dombrowski to supporters of the SCEF; information on the Southern Patriot, published by SCEF; a photograph of Dombrowski with the Bradens; a biography of Anne Braden, and an agenda from a meeting of the National Lawyers Guild.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["from SCEF - Louisiana, Sovereignty Commission records, Mississippi Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":["Forms part of Series 2515 : Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records Online, 1994-2006"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights movements--Louisiana","Civil rights workers--Louisiana","African American civil rights workers--Louisiana","Social reformers--Louisiana","United States--Race relations--History--20th century","Race relations","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Southern patriot (Nashville, Tenn.)","National Lawyers Guild"],"dcterms_title":["SCEF - Louisiana"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Mississippi. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://www.mdah.ms.gov/arrec/digital_archives/sovcom/imagelisting.php?foldercheckbox%5B%5D=1032%7C99%7C93%7C%7C0"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["The Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records are state government records made available to the public pursuant to American Civil Liberties Union v. Fordice, 969 F.Supp. 403 (S.D.Miss.1994). The web-enabled version of the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records is intended for public use in research, teaching, and private study in accordance with the provisions of the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.). MDAH makes no warranty or assurances that materials contained in this collection are free from U.S. copyright claims or other restrictions on free use and display. It is the user's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions when publishing or distributing materials found in this collection. MDAH requests that prior to publication of Sov. Com. images the user submit an MDAH Broadcast/Publication Permission form for approval by the Department. This form must be accompanied by documentation which proves that copyright requirements have been satisfied. Contact MDAH Reference Staff for details on how to obtain and complete the B/PP form: (601) 576 6876 or refdesk@mdah.state.ms.us. There are no MDAH Use Fees associated with use of Sov. Com. images. MDAH asks that each image used in a presentation, display, or publication be accompanied by a credit line, which at a minimum includes the name of this collection, the unique resource identifier for each image, the name of this institution, and URL. ; Cite images according to the following structure: Original Creator, \"Title\", Original creation date (if known), Unique Resource Identifier, Series Number and Title, Archival Repository, date of last web page revision, image location/URL, (image viewed on date)."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["letters (correspondence)","memorandums","photographs","fliers (printed matter)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Dombrowski, James A. (James Anderson), 1897-1983","Braden, Anne, 1924-2006","Braden, Carl, 1914-1975"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"tws_oid25_34215","title":"Agenda of Shelby County Democratic Club Meeting (Dec. 15, 1958)","collection_id":"tws_oid25","collection_title":"Russell B. Sugarmon Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, 35.75035, -86.25027","United States, Tennessee, Shelby County, 35.184, -89.8956"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1958-12-15"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":["19581215_Agenda_of_Shelby_Democratic_Club_Meeting_818"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Russell B. Sugarmon Collection"],"dcterms_subject":["Voting"],"dcterms_title":["Agenda of Shelby County Democratic Club Meeting (Dec. 15, 1958)"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Rhodes College"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://hdl.handle.net/10267/34215"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["memorandums"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"scdl_sthurmond_1680","title":"U.S. Senate memorandum on Senator Strom Thurmond announcing National Science Foundation summer institutes, 1958 November 17","collection_id":"scdl_sthurmond","collection_title":"Strom Thurmond Collection, Mss 100","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, 34.00043, -81.00009"],"dcterms_creator":["Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003"],"dc_date":["1958-11-17"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Clemson, S.C. : Clemson University Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["National Science Foundation (U.S.)"],"dcterms_title":["U.S. Senate memorandum on Senator Strom Thurmond announcing National Science Foundation summer institutes, 1958 November 17"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["South Carolina Digital Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/strom/1680"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright of Clemson University. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required."],"dcterms_medium":["memorandums"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_p17173coll43_3955","title":"South Carolina Council on Human Relations, Box 2, Folder 94, Administrative, General, 3 November 1958-26 November 1958","collection_id":"suc_p17173coll43","collection_title":"New insights in the American civil rights movement: South Carolina Council on Human Relations records","dcterms_contributor":["South Carolina Council on Human Relations"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, 34.00043, -81.00009"],"dcterms_creator":["South Carolina Council on Human Relations"],"dc_date":["1958-11-03/1958-11-26"],"dcterms_description":["This folder consists mainly of correspondence between Alice Norwood Spearman Wright and local religious leaders. Much of the correspondence concerns a series of meetings being held at the Penn Center on St. Helena Island, Frogmore, S.C. A lot of the replies to Wright are declining attendance. There is also a letter from the executive director of the Alabama Council on Human Relations, Robert E. Hughes, on applying for Federal Tax exemption."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina. South Caroliniana Library"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["New Insights in the American Civil Rights Movement: South Carolina Council on Human Relations Records","South Carolina Council on Human Relations, Box 2, South Caroliniana Library"],"dcterms_subject":["South Carolina Council on Human Relations","Civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","Civil rights--South Carolina","African Americans--Civil rights","Civil rights--America","Race relations","South Carolina--Race relations","Educational equalization--United States","Segregation in education--United States","Saint Helena Island (S.C.)"],"dcterms_title":["South Carolina Council on Human Relations, Box 2, Folder 94, Administrative, General, 3 November 1958-26 November 1958"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of South Carolina. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://cdm17173.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p17173coll43/id/3955"],"dcterms_temporal":["1955/1969"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Undetermined. For further information please contact South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["correspondence","lists (document genres)","memorandums","postcards","programs (documents)"],"dcterms_extent":["1 folder"],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mus_sovcom_99-95-0","title":"Maurice L. Malone - personal","collection_id":"mus_sovcom","collection_title":"Sovereignty Commission Online","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, 32.75041, -89.75036"],"dcterms_creator":["Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission"],"dc_date":["1958-10-1/1960-02-01"],"dcterms_description":["Records collected by the Mississippi Sovereignty Commission during the tenure of Maurice L. Malone, director of the Sovereignty Commission from 1958 to 1960. The file includes letters and memorandums written to or by Malone. Correspondence includes a request from the state of Louisiana for assistance in creating a sovereignty commission, instructions on policy and funding, and information about Malone's service in the Mississippi state legislature.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["from Maurice L. Malone - Personal, Sovereignty Commission records, Mississippi Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":["Forms part of Series 2515 : Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records Online, 1994-2006"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission--Officials and employees","Mississippi--Race relations--History--20th century","Race relations","Legislators--Mississippi","School integration--Massive resistance movement--Mississippi","Segregation--Mississippi"],"dcterms_title":["Maurice L. Malone - personal"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Mississippi. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://www.mdah.ms.gov/arrec/digital_archives/sovcom/imagelisting.php?foldercheckbox%5B%5D=1034%7C99%7C95%7C%7C0"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["The Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records are state government records made available to the public pursuant to American Civil Liberties Union v. Fordice, 969 F.Supp. 403 (S.D.Miss.1994). The web-enabled version of the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records is intended for public use in research, teaching, and private study in accordance with the provisions of the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.). MDAH makes no warranty or assurances that materials contained in this collection are free from U.S. copyright claims or other restrictions on free use and display. It is the user's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions when publishing or distributing materials found in this collection. MDAH requests that prior to publication of Sov. Com. images the user submit an MDAH Broadcast/Publication Permission form for approval by the Department. This form must be accompanied by documentation which proves that copyright requirements have been satisfied. Contact MDAH Reference Staff for details on how to obtain and complete the B/PP form: (601) 576 6876 or refdesk@mdah.state.ms.us. There are no MDAH Use Fees associated with use of Sov. Com. images. MDAH asks that each image used in a presentation, display, or publication be accompanied by a credit line, which at a minimum includes the name of this collection, the unique resource identifier for each image, the name of this institution, and URL. ; Cite images according to the following structure: Original Creator, \"Title\", Original creation date (if known), Unique Resource Identifier, Series Number and Title, Archival Repository, date of last web page revision, image location/URL, (image viewed on date)."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["letters (correspondence)","memorandums"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Malone, Maurice L."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mum_jws-race_1047","title":"J.D Williams to Members of the University Faculty and Budget-Listed Staff, 29 May 1958","collection_id":"mum_jws-race","collection_title":"James W. Silver Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, Lafayette County, University, 34.36594, -89.52536"],"dcterms_creator":["Williams, J. D. (John Davis), 1902-1983"],"dc_date":["1958-05-29"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Members of the University Faculty and Budget-Listed Staff","James W. Silver Collection, Archives and Special Collections, University of Mississippi Libraries"],"dcterms_subject":["Budget"],"dcterms_title":["J.D Williams to Members of the University Faculty and Budget-Listed Staff, 29 May 1958"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["John Davis Williams Library. Department of Archives and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://clio.lib.olemiss.edu/cdm/ref/collection/JWS_race/id/1047"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright of materials in the James W. Silver Collection remains with the creator or original publication. These items may not be reproduced, re-posted or saved except under fair use, as stipulated by copyright law: reproduction is not to be \"used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.\" If a user makes use of these digital files for purposes in excess of \"fair use,\" that user may be liable for copyright infringement."],"dcterms_medium":["memorandums"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ndd_blwms_02008","title":"Box 143, Folder 8: Judgeships, N.C., 1958, Feb. - 1961, Feb.","collection_id":"ndd_blwms","collection_title":"Basil Lee Whitener papers, 1889-1968","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, North Carolina, 35.50069, -80.00032"],"dcterms_creator":["Whitener, Basil Lee, 1915-"],"dc_date":["1958-02/1961-02"],"dcterms_description":null,"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Subject Files for Legislation, Etc., Basil Lee Whitener Papers, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library, Duke University."],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Judges--Selection and appointment--North Carolina","Court administration--North Carolina","Whitener, Basil Lee, 1915---Correspondence","United States. District Court (North Carolina : Middle District)","Census","North Carolina--Statistics","Legislators--United States--Records","North Carolina--Politics and government","United States--Politics and government--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Box 143, Folder 8: Judgeships, N.C., 1958, Feb. - 1961, Feb."],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/findingaids/whitener/#blwms02008"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["[Identification of item], Basil Lee Whitener Papers, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book \u0026 Manuscript Library, Duke University."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["reports","rules (administrative instructions)","bills (legislative records)","letters (correspondence)","resolutions (administrative records)","memorandums","telegrams"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mus_sovcom_2-24-1","title":"[Madison Co.]","collection_id":"mus_sovcom","collection_title":"Sovereignty Commission Online","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, Madison County, 32.63466, -90.03376","United States, Mississippi, Madison County, Canton, 32.61264, -90.03675"],"dcterms_creator":["Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission"],"dc_date":["1958/1963"],"dcterms_description":["Records collected by the Mississippi Sovereignty Commission on race relations in Madison County, Mississippi. The file focuses on the individuals in the county who belong to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) or who are otherwise race agitators. The file includes itineraries for investigations in the county, letters, reports, and memorandums written by individuals in the commission. It also includes information about an investigation about the new high school for African American students built in the county in 1958 as well as allegations of police brutality in the shooting death of an African American man.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["from [Madison Co.], Sovereignty Commission records, Mississippi Department of Archives and History"],"dc_relation":["Forms part of Series 2515 : Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records Online, 1994-2006"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights movements--Mississippi--Madison County","Civil rights workers--Mississippi--Madison County","African American civil rights workers--Mississippi--Madison County","Social reformers--Mississippi--Madison County","Madison County (Miss.)--Race relations--History--20th century","Race relations","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","White Citizens councils--Mississippi","Investigations"],"dcterms_title":["[Madison Co.]"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Mississippi. Department of Archives and History"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://www.mdah.ms.gov/arrec/digital_archives/sovcom/imagelisting.php?foldercheckbox%5B%5D=100%7C2%7C24%7C%7C1"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["The Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records are state government records made available to the public pursuant to American Civil Liberties Union v. Fordice, 969 F.Supp. 403 (S.D.Miss.1994). The web-enabled version of the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records is intended for public use in research, teaching, and private study in accordance with the provisions of the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.). MDAH makes no warranty or assurances that materials contained in this collection are free from U.S. copyright claims or other restrictions on free use and display. It is the user's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions when publishing or distributing materials found in this collection. MDAH requests that prior to publication of Sov. Com. images the user submit an MDAH Broadcast/Publication Permission form for approval by the Department. This form must be accompanied by documentation which proves that copyright requirements have been satisfied. Contact MDAH Reference Staff for details on how to obtain and complete the B/PP form: (601) 576 6876 or refdesk@mdah.state.ms.us. There are no MDAH Use Fees associated with use of Sov. Com. images. MDAH asks that each image used in a presentation, display, or publication be accompanied by a credit line, which at a minimum includes the name of this collection, the unique resource identifier for each image, the name of this institution, and URL. ; Cite images according to the following structure: Original Creator, \"Title\", Original creation date (if known), Unique Resource Identifier, Series Number and Title, Archival Repository, date of last web page revision, image location/URL, (image viewed on date)."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["memorandums","letters (correspondence)","reports","editorials","affidavits","pamphlets","itineraries"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_p17173coll43_3711","title":"South Carolina Council on Human Relations, Box 2, Folder 83, Administrative, General 3 December 1957-31 December 1957, circa 1957","collection_id":"suc_p17173coll43","collection_title":"New insights in the American civil rights movement: South Carolina Council on Human Relations records","dcterms_contributor":["South Carolina Council on Human Relations"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, 34.00043, -81.00009"],"dcterms_creator":["South Carolina Council on Human Relations"],"dc_date":["1957-12-03/1957-12-31"],"dcterms_description":["Folder 83 contains the administrative records of the South Carolina Council on Human Relations, Southern Regional Council and correspondence between members, community leaders and the Council. There are some documents including reports and other updates to organizational activities. Some letters and newspaper excerpts discuss racists activities, including a bombing in Gaffney."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina. South Caroliniana Library"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/UND/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["New Insights in the American Civil Rights Movement: South Carolina Council on Human Relations Records","South Carolina Council on Human Relations, Box 2, South Caroliniana Library"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights--Southern States","Civil rights workers","African American civil rights workers","Civil rights--America","African Americans--Civil rights","South Carolina Council on Human Relations","South Carolina","Civil rights--South Carolina","Race relations","South Carolina--Race relations","Southern Regional Council"],"dcterms_title":["South Carolina Council on Human Relations, Box 2, Folder 83, Administrative, General 3 December 1957-31 December 1957, circa 1957"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of South Carolina. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://cdm17173.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p17173coll43/id/3711"],"dcterms_temporal":["1955/1969"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Undetermined. For further information please contact South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["memorandums","correspondence","documents (object genre)"],"dcterms_extent":["1 folder"],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"dde_ddetimeline_125","title":"Memorandum of telephone call between President Eisenhower and Attorney General","collection_id":"dde_ddetimeline","collection_title":"Presidential Timeline of the Twentieth Century Information: Dwight D. Eisenhower","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, Pulaski County, Little Rock, 34.74648, -92.28959","United States, District of Columbia, Washington, 38.89511, -77.03637"],"dcterms_creator":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969"],"dc_date":["1957-09-25"],"dcterms_description":["Notes from a telephone conversation between President Dwight D. Eisenhower and attorney general Herbert Brownell, Jr. on September 25, 1957. The president and the attorney general discussed the school integration crisis at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. The page also lists other telephone conversations that took place throughout the day and notes the topics of each conversation. The Little Rock school district voted to integrate its schools in 1957. Governor Faubus, opposed to integration, sent members of the Arkansas National Guard to prevent African American students--the \"Little Rock Nine\"--from entering Little Rock Central High School on September 4. Federal courts ordered Governor Faubus to remove the troops and permit the nine students to enter the school on September 23, 1957. However, because of the rioting that continued outside, the students were removed from the school after three hours. President Dwight D. Eisenhower ordered troops from the 101st Airborne Division to Little Rock to restore order and to protect the students. After a single year of integration, Governor Faubus closed the Little Rock public high schools to avoid further integration. The United States Supreme Court declared Faubus' action illegal and the public schools reopened August 1959.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of: Presidential Timeline of the Twentieth Century."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Collection: Dwight D. Eisenhower's Papers as President (Ann Whitman File), Series: DDE Diary Series, Box Number: 27, Folder Title: September 1957 Telephone Calls."],"dcterms_subject":["Federal-state controversies--Arkansas","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","African American students--Arkansas--Little Rock","High school students--Arkansas--Little Rock","Segregation in education--Arkansas--Little Rock","Race riots--Arkansas--Little Rock","Violence--Arkansas--Little Rock","Race relations","Little Rock (Ark.)--Race relations--History--20th century","Central High School (Little Rock, Ark.)","Soldiers--United States","Presidents--United States","Attorneys general--United States","Mobs--Arkansas--Little Rock"],"dcterms_title":["Memorandum of telephone call between President Eisenhower and Attorney General"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Dwight D. Eisenhower Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://presidentialtimeline.org/html/record.php?id=125"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Rights Status: Unrestricted"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["memorandums"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969","Brownell, Herbert, Jr., 1904-1996"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mum_jws-race_970","title":"Benjamin I. Harrison to Dr. James W. Silver, 24 September 1957","collection_id":"mum_jws-race","collection_title":"James W. 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Silver Collection remains with the creator or original publication. 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It is the user's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions when publishing or distributing materials found in this collection. MDAH requests that prior to publication of Sov. Com. images the user submit an MDAH Broadcast/Publication Permission form for approval by the Department. This form must be accompanied by documentation which proves that copyright requirements have been satisfied. Contact MDAH Reference Staff for details on how to obtain and complete the B/PP form: (601) 576 6876 or refdesk@mdah.state.ms.us. There are no MDAH Use Fees associated with use of Sov. Com. images. 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