{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"aru_unequal_678","title":"Acts of Arkansas 1891","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1891"],"dcterms_description":["Arkansas Act 17 of 1891provided for segregated railroad accomodations.","Civil Rights -- Segregation -- Racism -- Blacks -- African-Americans -- Railroads -- Little Rock -- Pulaski","16 ACTS OF ARKANSAS. at all their passenger depots in this State. Provided, That this section shall not be construed to apply to street railroads. No person or persons shall be permitted to occupy seats in coaches or in waiting-rooms other than the ones assigned to them on account of the race to which they belong. Sec. 2. That the officers of such passenger trains and the agents at such depots shall have power and are hereby required to assign each passenger or person to the coach or compart- ment or room used for the race to which such passenger or person belongs. Any passenger or person insisting on going into a coach or compartment or room to which by race he does not belong, shall be liable to a fine of not less than ten dollars nor more than two hundred dollars, and any officer of any rail- road company assigning a passenger or person to a coach or compartment or room other than the one set aside for the race to which said passenger or person belongs, shall be liable to a fine of twenty-five dollars; and should any passenger refuse to occupy the coach or compartment or room to which he or she is assigned by the officer of such railway company, said officer shall have power to refuse to carry such passenger on his train, and that should any passenger, or any other person not a pas- senger, for the purpose of occupying or waiting in such sitting or waiting-room not assigned to his or her race, enter said room, said agent shall have the power and it is hereby made his duty to eject such person from such room, and for such acts neither they -or the railway com,'.my which they represent shall be liable fr damages in ar.y of the courts of'this State. Sec. 3. That all railway companies that shall refuse or neglect to comply with the provisions and requirements of this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, ar.d shall, upon conviction before any court of competent jurisdiction, be fined not less than one hundred dollars nor more three five hundred dollars, and every day that such railway company shall fail to comply with the provisions of this act, and every train run in violation of the provisions hereof, shall be a separate offense and any conductor or other employees of such passenger train"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Acts of Arkansas 1891"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Acts of Arkansas 1891"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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SEC. 4. That when said contract shall be awarded to any bidder, the latter shall be required to give a good and suffi- cient bond, to be approved by said commissioners, in a sum equal to twenty-five percent, of the full amount of the bid, conditioned for the faithful performance of said contract within the time limited therefor. SEC. 5. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage, and shall not conflict with die operation ot the laws relating to bridges and embraced in chapter 16 ol Mans- fields Digest. Approved February 19, 1891. __________________ ACT XVII. AN ACT to Promote the Comfort of Passengers on Railway Trains and for other purposes SECTION 1. Requires railroads to provide separate coachs and waiting rooms for the white and African races. No persons to occupy seats other than the ones provided. 2. Officers and agents to assign coaches or rooms and enforce same; Penalty. 3. Railway companies or employees violating guilty of misde,eamer; Penalty. Law to be posted in coaches and waiting rooms. 4. Persons with visible admixtar of African blood to be deemed Africans 5. Prevents the use of obscene, profane or boisterous language in a car or waiting room 6. Railroads to provide wholesome drinking water. 7. Conflicting laws repealed and are in force six months after passage Be it enacted by the General Assemldy of the State of Arkansas: SECTION 1 That all railway companies carrying passen- gers in their coaches in this State shall provide equal but sepa- rate and sufficient accommodations for the white and African races, bv providing two or more passenger coaches tor each passenger train. Provided, That on all lines of railway less than twenty-five miles long, passenger coaches may be divided by 1 partition so as to secure separate accommo- dations, and they shall also provide separate waiting-rooms of equal and sufficient accommodations for the two races"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Acts of Arkansas 1891"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Acts of Arkansas 1891"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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All railroad cor- porations carrying passengers in this State, other than street railroads, shall keep this law posted up in a Conspicuous place in each passenger coach and waiting-room Provided, That officers accompanying prisoners may be assigned to the coach or room to which said prisoners belong by reason of race. SEC. 4. Persons in whom there is a visible and distinct ad- mixture of African blood shall, for the purposes of this act, be deemed to belong to the African race, all others shall be deemed to belong to the while race. SEC. 5. It shall be unlawful for any passenger, or any rail road official or employee to use any obscene, profane or boister- ous language in any railroad waiting-room or cat in which pas- sengers are transported, and any person violating the provis- ions of this section shall be guilt}’ of a misdemeanor, and, upon, conviction, be fined not less than five nor more than twenty- five dollars; and it shall be the duty of conductors and station agents to eject any person violating the provisions of this sec- tion from the car or waiting-room. SEC. 6. That all railroads shall provide good and whole- some water for drinking purposes at all of their stations or waiting-rooms and in all their passenger cars for the use of the traveling public. SEC. 7. That all laws or parts of laws conflicting with the provisions of this act be and the same are hereby repealed, and that this act shall take effect and be in full force six months after its passage. Approved February 23, 1891 2 A"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Acts of Arkansas 1891"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Acts of Arkansas 1891"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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BY AUTHORITY MORRILTON, ARK. PILOT PRINTING COMPANY, STATE PRINTERS 1891."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Acts of Arkansas 1891"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Acts of Arkansas 1891"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas, That all persons hitherto known in law in this state, as slaves or as free persons of color, shall have the right to make and enforce contracts, to sue and be sued, to be affiants, give evidence, to inherit, purchase, lease, sell, hold, convey and assign real and personal property, to make wills and testaments, and to have full and equal benefit of the rights of personal security, personal liberty and private property, and of all remedies and proceedings for the enforcement and protection of the same, that white persons mow have, and shall not be subjected to any other or different punishment, pain or penalty, for the commission of any act or offence, than such as are prescribed for white persons committing like acts or offences ; and all laws and statutes of this state shall be applicable to all persons within its limits, without distinction of race or color, except as hereinafter piovided. SEC. 2. Be it further enacted, That all acts and parts of acts, specially relating to negroes or mulattoes, contrary to these pro- visions be, and the same are hereby repealed; Provided, That nothing herein contained, shall be construed to repeal or modify any statute, common law or usage of this state, respecting mar- riage of white persons with negroes or mulattoes, voting at elec- tions, service on juries or militia duties. SEC. 3. Be it further enacted, That all negroes and mulattoes who are now cohabiting as husband and wile, and recognizing each other as such, shall be deemed lawfully married fiom the passage of this act, and shall be subject to all the obligations, and entitled to all the rights appertaining to the marriage rela- tion ; and in all cases, where such persons now are, or have here- tofore been so cohabiting, as husband and wife, and may have offspring recognized by them as their own, such offspring shall be deemed in all respects legitimate, as fully as if bom in lawful wedlock. Sec. 4. Be it f urther enacted, That all marriages between negroes and mulattoes shall he hereafter solemnized by the said persons, and governed in all repects by the laws in force at the"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Acts of Arkansas 1867"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Acts of Arkansas 1867"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/675"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["legislative acts"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_671","title":"Acts of Arkansas 1867","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1867"],"dcterms_description":["Arkansas Act 35 defining the rights of newly freed African-Americans as citizens.","Civil Rights -- African-Americans -- Blacks -- Marriage -- Suffrage -- Little Rock -- Pulaski","ACTS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF ARKANSAS, PASSED AT THE SESSION HELD AT THE CAPITOL, IN THE CITY OF LITTLE ROCK, WHICH BEGUN ON MONDAY, THE FIFTH DAY OF NOVEMBER, A. D. EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY-SIX, AND ADJOURNED, ON THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY OF MARCH, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY-SEVEN, TO RE­ASSEMBLE ON THE EIGHTH DAY OF JULY, OF THE SAME YEAR. (BY THE AUTHORITY.) GAZETTE OFFICE, LITTLE ROCK: WOODRUFF \u0026 BLOCHER, PUBLIC PRINTERS. 1867."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Acts of Arkansas 1867"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Acts of Arkansas 1867"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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AN ACT to amend section 2nd of an act, approved 31st Decem­ber, 1860, entitled an act to incorporate the Arkansas Synodical College of Arkadelphia. Section 1. Amends act incorporating “ Arkansas Synodical College of Arkadel­phia.” Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Arkan­sas, That section 2nd of an act, approved 31st December, 1860, entitled an act to incorporate the Arkansas Synodical College of Arkadelphia, he and the same is hereby amended, by striking out the words, “ being under the care of the General Assembly of the 0. S. Presbyterian Church of the United States to take effect from and after its passage. Approved, February 6th, 1S67. ___________________________ No. 35. AN ACT to declare the rights of persons of African descent.Section 1. Defines the rights of persons here­tofore known as slaves or persona of color. 2. Repeals laws contrary to this act, same section prohibiting marriage with white persons, voting at elec­tions and serving on juries. 3. All negroes and mulattoes cohabiting as man and wife, to be deemed as lawfully married. 4. Marriages to be solemnized hereaf­ter in same manner as those of white persons. 5. Not to be admitted to attend any public school. 6. Act in force from and after passsage."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Acts of Arkansas 1867"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Acts of Arkansas 1867"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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SEC. 5. Be it further enacted, That no negro or mulatto shall be admitted to attend any public school in this state, except such schools as may be established exclusively for colored persons. SEC. 6. Be it further enacted, That this act take effect and be in force from and after its passage. APPROVED, February 6, 1867."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Acts of Arkansas 1867"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Acts of Arkansas 1867"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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