{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"grady_crppg","title":"Civil rights and the Pulitzer prize in Georgia","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":["Georgia Humanities Council"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Henry W. Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication"],"dc_date":["1925/2016"],"dcterms_description":["This digital exhibition celebrates the centennial of The Pulitzer Prizes by featuring Pulitzer winners with ties to Georgia. It has a special focus on Pulitzer winning work that has promoted civil rights."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Pulitzer Prizes","Civil rights--Georgia","Authors, American","Historians--Georgia","Journalists--Georgia","Newspaper editors--Georgia","Editorial cartoonists--Georgia","Dramatists, American--Georgia","Civil rights workers--Georgia","African American civil rights workers--Georgia"],"dcterms_title":["Civil rights and the Pulitzer prize in Georgia"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage","StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Henry W. Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication","Georgia Archives","New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.thehistoryproject.com/projects/embed-view/6580"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","McGill, Ralph, 1898-1969","Mitchell, Margaret, 1900-1949","Nelson, Jack, 1929-2009","Patterson, Eugene C. (Eugene Corbett), 1923-2013","McPherson, James Alan, 1943-2016","Walker, Alice, 1944-","Marlette, Doug, 1949-2007","Uhry, Alfred","Dedman, Bill","Branch, Taylor"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"clu_uclamss-1387","title":"Los Angeles Daily News Negatives, 1925-1954","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, California, Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, 34.05223, -118.24368"],"dcterms_creator":["Los Angeles Daily News"],"dc_date":["1925/1954"],"dcterms_description":["Collection consists of 200,000 negatives of the Los Angeles daily news.","Civil rights related materials document protests against discrimination, the presence of national civil rights leaders in Los Angeles, and celebrations within the community.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Los Angeles Daily News Negatives, 1925-1954"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Los Angeles daily news","American newspapers--California--Los Angeles","Newspapers","African Americans--California--Los Angeles","Civil rights movements--California--Los Angeles","Civil rights demonstrations--California--Los Angeles","Civil rights workers--California--Los Angeles","African American civil rights workers--California--Los Angeles","African Americans--Civil rights--California--Los Angeles","Segregation--California--Los Angeles","Discrimination--California--Los Angeles"],"dcterms_title":["Los Angeles Daily News Negatives, 1925-1954"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of California, Los Angeles. Library. Department of Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt9b69q98h"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Property rights to the physical object belong to the UCLA Library, Department of Special Collections. Literary rights, including copyright, are retained by the creators and their heirs. It is the responsibility of the researcher to determine who holds the copyright and pursue the copyright owner or his or her heir for permission to publish where The UC Regents do not hold the copyright."],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"hbcula_abco","title":"American Baptist College collection","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Tennessee, 35.75035, -86.25027"],"dcterms_creator":["American Baptist College","Lane College"],"dc_date":["1924/9999"],"dcterms_description":["The American Baptist College collection is comprised of yearbooks, catalogues, bulletins, Garnett-Narbrit Lecture series programs, photographs, and audio visual assets ranging from 1924 to present, demonstrating it's rich history commitment to students' success."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg","application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American universities and colleges","African American students","College students","Universities and colleges--Faculty","Buildings","African Americans--Education","College publications","Sermons","African Americans--Religion","Lectures and lecturing","College presidents","African American clergy","Special events","African American religious leaders","African American Baptists","Religious leaders","College yearbooks","African American men","Associations, institutions, etc.","Greek letter societies","City planning","Meetings","Missions","African American singers","Art museums","Commencement ceremonies","Community development","Parks","Sports"],"dcterms_title":["American Baptist College collection"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) Library Alliance"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://hbcudigitallibrary.auctr.edu/digital/collection/abco"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["The Susie McClure Library of American Baptist College believes that the items presented in our digital collections are not encumbered by copyright or related rights. Nonetheless, as these materials are accessible to the public, certain limitations on subsequent usage may be in effect. Authorized uses for these items are confined to research, educational, and scholarly endeavors by U.S. Copyright Law Title 17, §108 U.S.C. In addition to educational purposes, individuals seeking to engage in other forms of utilization must secure explicit permission from the Susie McClure Library by contacting us at 615-687-6935."],"dcterms_medium":["catalogs (documents)","color slides","handbooks","journals (periodicals)","newsletters","programs (documents)","regulations (executive records)","school yearbooks"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mum_mseduc","title":"Mississippi Education Collection","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, Choctaw County, French Camp, 33.29318, -89.39952","United States, Mississippi, Forrest County, Hattiesburg, 31.32712, -89.29034","United States, Mississippi, Hinds County, Jackson, 32.29876, -90.18481","United States, Mississippi, Jackson County, Pascagoula, 30.36576, -88.55613","United States, Mississippi, Lafayette County, Oxford, 34.3665, -89.51925","United States, Mississippi, Scott County, Morton, 32.35376, -89.65452","United States, Wisconsin, Dane County, Madison, 43.07305, -89.40123"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1924/2000"],"dcterms_description":["The Mississippi Education Collection contains articles, newsletters, and miscellaneous documents related to education in Mississippi. Items were created between 1924 and 2000. The collection has been digitized in its entirety."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Mississippi Education Association","Education--Mississippi--History","Mississippi Economic Council","Freedom of religion--Mississippi","Prayer in the public schools--Mississippi"],"dcterms_title":["Mississippi Education Collection"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["John Davis Williams Library. Department of Archives and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://egrove.olemiss.edu/ms_educ/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":null,"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Herdahl, Lisa"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"wsh_turningpts","title":"Turning points in Wisconsin history","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Wisconsin, Dane County, Madison, 43.07305, -89.40123","United States, Wisconsin, Milwaukee County, Milwaukee, 43.0389, -87.90647"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1924/1992"],"dcterms_description":["Web site with Wisconsin state history divided into ten time periods from Native American history through the twentieth century. Civil rights-related materials in the collection include reports and documents about school integration, African American housing patterns in Milwaukee, and information about African American business and employment.","\"Created with support from the Wisconsin Historical Foundation, CESA 6, and UW Oshkosh's Teaching American History Grant from the U.S. Department of Education.\"","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American business enterprises--Wisconsin--Directories","African Americans--Civil rights--Wisconsin--History","African Americans--Wisconsin--History","Block printing--Wisconsin--Milwaukee","Citizenship--Wisconsin--History","Civil rights--Wisconsin--History","Demonstrations--Wisconsin--Madison","Discrimination in employment--Wisconsin--Milwaukee","Discrimination in housing--Wisconsin--Milwaukee","Educational change--Wisconsin--Milwaukee","Handicraft--Wisconsin--Milwaukee","Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","Public schools--Wisconsin--Milwaukee","Race discrimination--Wisconsin--Milwaukee","School integration--Wisconsin--Milwaukee","United States. Works Progress Administration","White supremacy movements--Wisconsin--Madison","Whites--Wisconsin--Milwaukee--Attitudes","Wisconsin--Rural conditions","Wisconsin--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Turning points in Wisconsin history"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Wisconsin Historical Society"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["newspapers","pamphlets","relief prints","reports","books","clippings (information artifacts)","web sites"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"mum_pineywoods","title":"Piney Woods School Collection","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Mississippi, Rankin County, Piney Woods, 32.06265, -89.99286"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1923/2003"],"dcterms_description":["Newsletters, fundraising materials, promotional and historical materials from the Piney Woods Country Life School (or Piney Woods School), located in Rankin County, Mississippi. Founded in 1909 by Dr. Laurence C. Jones, the school was created to provide much-needed educational opportunities to the local African-American population. From its inception, the school's curriculum has emphasized vocational and occupational training as well as traditional academics. Piney Woods School remains in operation and admits students from across the United States and internationally."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Piney Woods School","African American schools--Mississippi","African Americans--Education","Education--Mississippi"],"dcterms_title":["Piney Woods School Collection"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["John Davis Williams Library. Department of Archives and Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://egrove.olemiss.edu/pineywoods/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":null,"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"gsu_oneal","title":"Tracy O'Neal photographic collection, 1923-1975","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["O'Neal, Tracy W."],"dc_date":["1923/1964"],"dcterms_description":["The online collection consists of over 1,033 scanned photographic negatives and prints of Atlanta commercial photographer Tracy W. O'Neal from 1923-1964. The items document the history and social life of Atlanta, Georgia through images of weddings, sports events, portraits, local buildings, companies, the Atlanta labor community, and the Shriners Yaarab Temple."],"dc_format":["image/jp2"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Tracy W. O'Neal photographic collection, Special Collections Department, Georgia State University."],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for North America. Yaarab Temple (Atlanta, Ga.)","Labor unions--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Accidents--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Associations, institutions, etc.--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Banks and banking--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Community life--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","City and town life--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Commercial facilities--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Buildings--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Crime scenes--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Sports--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Weddings--Georgia--Atlanta--Photographs","Portraits--Georgia --Atlanta--Photographs","Prisoners of war--Germany","Prisoners of war--Italy","Prisoners of war--United States","Photographers--Georgia--Atlanta","Atlanta (Ga.)--Social life and customs--20th century--Photographs"],"dcterms_title":["Tracy O'Neal photographic collection, 1923-1975","Tracy W. O'Neal photographic collection, 1923-1975 (bulk 1959-1974)","O'Neal photographs"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Georgia State University. Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/oneal"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["photographs","visual works"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Cobb, Ty, 1886-1961","Maddox, Lester, 1915-","Mitchell, Margaret, 1900-1949","Vandiver, S. Ernest (Samuel Ernest), 1918-","Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Sanders, Carl Edward, 1925-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"auu_auc-091","title":"Brailsford R. Brazeal papers","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["Brazeal, Brailsford R."],"dc_date":["1922/1994-03-11"],"dcterms_description":["Collection of papers from Dr. Brailsford Reese Brazeal, an educator, economist, author, labor and civil rights activist. He dedicated much of his life to education, human relations, labor issues, and racial equality. He received his bachelor's degree from Morehouse College in 1927 and his master's degree in economics at Columbia University in 1928. He also received his Ph.D. from Columbia in economics and political science in 1942. Dr. Brazeal's scholarly interests and research focused extensively on labor equality and worker rights; he is especially noted for his research on the Pullman porters, and he published \"The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters\" in 1946. He was also involved in several collegiate and community organizations, including the Sigma Pi Phi (Boule), Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc., and Phi Beta Kappa."],"dc_format":["application/pdf","audio/mpeg","image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American authors","African American educators","African American men","African American universities and colleges","African American civil rights workers","Pullman porters","Transportation","African American women","African American children","African Americans--Civil rights","Oral history","African American families"],"dcterms_title":["Brailsford R. Brazeal papers"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://radar.auctr.edu/islandora/object/auc.091%3A9999"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["All works in this collection either are protected by copyright and/or are the property of the Robert W. Woodruff Library, and/or the copyright holder as appropriate. To order a reproduction or to inquire about permission to publish, please contact the Archives Research Center at: archives@auctr.edu with the web URL or handle identification number."],"dcterms_medium":["archival materials","audiotapes","black-and-white photographs","color photographs","transcripts","visual works (works)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Nixon, Edgar Daniel"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"vrc_goo","title":"Goochland County Rosenwald Schools oral history project, 2013-2015","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Virginia, Goochland County, 37.72198, -77.91636"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1922/2014"],"dcterms_description":["The Goochland County Rosenwald Schools Oral History Project is a joint venture by Dr. Brian J. Daugherity of Virginia Commonwealth University and Dr. Alyce Miller of John Tyler Community College. The purpose of the project is to document education in Goochland County, Virginia, particularly the impact of the Rosenwald Schools, and the differences between the education offered to white and black students during the period the Rosenwald Schools operated. The project was funded in part by a grant from the Virginia Foundation for Humanities, the John Tyler Community College Foundation, and the Virginia Community College System.","During the Jim Crow Era, from roughly the 1870s until the 1950s, segregated school systems were supposed to be, according to the U.S. Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), “separate but equal.” In reality, educational systems for African Americans in Virginia, and elsewhere in the South, were anything but. Starting in the 1910s, “Rosenwald Schools” were constructed for black students as a philanthropic endeavor funded in part by businessman and philanthropist Julius Rosenwald. While Rosenwald provided the matching grant funds that supported the program, Booker T. Washington was the initial force behind its creation. The Rosenwald schoolbuilding program began in 1912 when Booker T. Washington asked permission to use some of the money Rosenwald had donated to the Tuskegee Institute to construct several small schools in rural Alabama.","Over a 15 year period, from 1917 to 1932, 4,977 schools, primarily for African Americans, were funded and built. According to Julius Rosenwald Fund records (JRF), the JRF helped construct 367 schools, three teacher’s homes, and eleven school (industrial) shops in Virginia. In addition to providing its own money, the Rosenwald Fund required matching funds from any combination of public and private sources. Of the total cost of Rosenwald-associated buildings, grounds, and equipment in Virginia from 1917 through 1932, African Americans contributed 22%, white contributions totaled 1%, the Rosenwald Fund contributed 15%, and state and local government contributions equaled 62%. In the fifteen states in the South where the school building program operated, African Americans collectively contributed 17% of the funds, the Rosenwald Fund contributed 15% of the funds, private white contributions totaled 4% of the funds, and public funds made up the remaining 64% of the funds.","The majority of the private funding for Rosenwald Schools came from the African American communities where the schools were located, because black citizens organized fundraisers and sacrificed some of their own, often meager, wages in support of a better education for their children.","Rosenwald Schools were built using architectural plans provided by the Rosenwald Fund. Most of the schools were constructed in rural communities that were unlikely to have access to electricity, so they were designed to take the most advantage of natural light. They also had strict guidelines regarding ventilation, interior and exterior color schemes and decorative appointments, the quality of the furnishings and blackboards, and the location of separate outhouses. Often, the walls separating classrooms were moveable to enable the community to create a larger meeting space as needed.","The Goochland County Rosenwald Schools Oral History digital collection consists of 19 video interviews with 18 participants with fully searchable transcripts and tape logs for 15 of the interviews. Additionally, photographs of the schools and documents relating to the Rosenwald Fund are included."],"dc_format":["application/pdf","image/jp2","video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Oral histories","Julius Rosenwald Fund--Buildings","African American schools--Virginia--Goochland County","Goochland County (Va.)--Race relations","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Goochland County","African American schools--Curricula--Virginia--Goochland County","Goochland County (Va.)--Buildings, structures, etc.","School buildings--Virginia--Goochland County","African American teachers--Virginia--Goochland County","Segregation in education--Virginia--Goochland County","Community activists--Virginia--Goochland County","African American schools--Museums--Virginia--Goochland County","School integration--Virginia--Goochland County","African American neighborhoods--Virginia--Goochland County"],"dcterms_title":["Goochland County Rosenwald Schools oral history project, 2013-2015"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage","Sound","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["James Branch Cabell Library. Special Collections and Archives"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.library.vcu.edu/islandora/object/vcu:goo"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Bowles, James Harold--Interviews","Bowles, Vivian Knight--Interviews","Johnson, Ruth Cooke--Interviews","Pace, Earline--Interviews","Anderson, Francis--Interviews","Anthony, Eva--Interviews","Bowles, James Harold--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Dun-Moodie, Ina--Interviews","Haden, Joseph--Interviews","Hopkins, Calvin--Interviews","Johnson, Mattie Lee Harris--Interviews","Miller, Raymond A.--Interviews","Pace, Haywood--Interviews","Parrish, Alberta--Interviews","Parrish, Curtis--Interviews","Parrish, Phyllis--Interviews","Smith, Gail P.--Interviews","Ware, Sherman--Interviews","Anderson, Francis--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Anthony, Eva--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Bowles, James Harold--Political activity","Bowles, Vivian Knight--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Dun-Moodie, Ina--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Haden, Joseph--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Hopkins, Calvin--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Johnson, Mattie Lee Harris--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Johnson, Ruth Cooke--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Miller, Raymond A.--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Pace, Earline--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Pace, Haywood--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Parrish, Alberta--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Parrish, Curtis--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Parrish, Phyllis--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Quarles, William, Jr.--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Quarles, William, Jr.--Interviews","Smith, Gail P.--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes","Ware, Sherman--Childhood and youth--Anecdotes"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"gych_rbrl001rbrcx","title":"Richard B. Russell, Jr. collection, subgroup c, series x: civil rights, 1922-1971","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["Russell, Richard B. (Richard Brevard), 1897-1971"],"dc_date":["1922/1971"],"dcterms_description":["Subgroup C, Series X. Civil Rights is organized into forty-two subseries: A. Anti-lynching; B. Carter, Hodding - Articles; C. Civil Rights; D. Bills and Legislations; E. Civil Rights Commission; F. Civil Rights Fight; G. Cloture; H. Demonstrations; I. Fair Employment Practices Commission [FEPC]; J. Federal Registrar's Bill; K. Filibuster; L. Guidelines; M. Housing; N. Integration - Pro; O. Literacy Vote Bill; P. Little Rock; Q. NAACP; R. Negro; S. Negro Relocation; T. Negro Repatriation; U. Negro Resettlement; V. Negro-Ray Sprigle Articles; W. Poll Tax; X. Racial; Y. Racial-Alabama; Z. Racial - Mississippi; AA. Racial-Out of State; BB. Racial Segregation; CC. Requests for Civil Rights Material; DD. Riot Commission; EE. Riots; FF. Rule Change; GG. School Segregation; HH. Schools; II. Schools - Integration Directives; JJ. Segregation; KK. Segregation in the Armed Services; LL. Slander of the South; MM. Southern Caucus; NN. States' Rights; OO. Supreme Court; and PP. Constituent Correspondence Answered by Robo.","Materials Separated from the Resource:   John C. Stennis Papers, Mitchell Memorial Library, Mississippi State University, Lyndon B. Johnson Papers, Lyndon B. Johnson Library, Richard B. Russell, Jr. Gubernatorial Papers, Georgia Department of Archives and History, U.S. Senate. Committee on Appropriations, Center for Legislative Archives, NARA, U.S. Senate. Committee on Armed Services, Center for Legislative Archives, NARA.","Processing Information: Clippings have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Artifacts, photographs, books, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation purposes and inventoried. Case mail, cross-reference copies, and military academies are closed. Additional files are restricted throughout the collection, as noted in the container listing.","The Richard B. Russell, Jr. Collection, Subgroup C, Series X: Civil Rights relates to many aspects of the civil rights issue. Almost all of the files deal with black-white relations in the United States, particularly those involving legislative action during Senator Russell's career in the Senate. Issues, such as the antilynching bill, the Fair Employment Practices Committee, racial integration, and the various civil rights bills from 1948 until 1964, are documented. There are also records related to other topics such as cloture, the literacy voting bill, the poll tax, school prayer, and some subjects which are indirectly related to the race issue. Any additional non-textual materials originally filed with papers were removed for preservation purposes and improved access. These materials include photographs, audiovisual items, scrapbooks, vertical files, memorabilia, and books.","Subgroup C, Series X. Civil Rights relates to many aspects of the civil rights issue. Almost all of the files deal with black-white relations in the United States, particularly those involving legislative action during Senator Russell's career in the Senate. Issues, such as the antilynching bill, the Fair Employment Practices Committee, racial integration, and the various civil rights bills from 1948 until 1964, are documented. There are also records related to other topics such as cloture, the literacy voting bill, the poll tax, school prayer, and some subjects which are indirectly related to the race issue.","Richard Brevard Russell, Jr. held public office for fifty years as a state legislator, governor, and U.S. senator. The highlights of his legislative career included support of non-interventionist foreign policy, passage of the National School Lunch Program, securing funding for military installations and research facilities—including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—and his opposition to equal rights for African Americans, most evident in the filibuster of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Russell was born in Winder, GA on November 2, 1897, to Judge Richard B. Russell, Sr. and Ina Dillard Russell, a teacher. He was the fourth of thirteen children and the first son. He earned a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Georgia in 1918. After a brief period practicing law, Russell ran for and won a seat in the Georgia House of Representatives in 1920. In 1927, he was elected Speaker of the House, a position he held until 1931. In 1930, Russell ran for governor against a crowded field of seasoned candidates, but he was victorious thanks to a grassroots campaign and his skill in door-to-door canvassing. He took the oath of office in June 1931 but only spent eighteen months as governor before the death of Senator William J. Harris presented him with the opportunity to run for the United States Senate. Russell entered the U.S. Senate in 1933 and served until his death in 1971. He became one of the Senate's most influential members. During his tenure, he served sixteen years as chair of the Armed Services Committee and held a seat on the Appropriation Committee that spanned his tenure in the Senate. Additionally, Russell held positions on the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, the Committee on Immigration, the Aeronautical and Space Sciences Committee, and the Democratic Policy and Democratic Steering Committees. Although he wielded considerable power through these committee appointments, Russell did not seek a position in the Senate leadership. Instead, he supported the ambitions of his protégé, Senator Lyndon Johnson from Texas for majority whip and later for majority leader. Russell ended his career as president pro tempore of the Senate—a post reserved for the member with the longest tenure in the Senate—making him third in the line of presidential succession. Russell was known for his support of national defense, non-interventionist foreign policy, and his advocacy for agricultural interests (particularly those in Georgia). Russell opposed the United States entangling itself in international conflicts, especially in Vietnam and the Congo. In agricultural policy, the creation of the National School Lunch Program in 1946 was his most significant achievement for the nation's farmers. The program had the double effect of providing nutritious meals for schoolchildren while avoiding an economic crash by giving farmers a way to sell their surplus produce. Russell's opposition to civil rights legislation overshadowed his many legislative achievements. He began contesting civil rights legislation as early as 1935 when he joined other southern senators to block anti-lynching bills. Over three decades, Russell developed a reputation as a defender of “white traditions” and white supremacy. During the Senate’s debate of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, Russell led the Southern Bloc in a sixty-day filibuster in an attempt to prevent the bill’s passage, vowing to “resist to the bitter end any measure or any movement which would have a tendency to bring about social equality and intermingling and amalgamation of the races.” The filibuster came to an end only after a partnership of moderate Republicans and northern Democrats introduced a compromise bill that garnered the sixty-seven votes needed to invoke cloture and end the filibuster. The substitute civil rights bill passed on June 19 by a margin of 73-27. Though Russell advised against attempts to resist the Civil Rights Act at the state level, he remained unapologetic in his criticism of it. In a speech given in the Senate on June 18, 1964, Russell sought to encourage the other members of the Southern Bloc, saying “…there will never come a time when it will be necessary for any one of us to apologize for his conduct or his courage.”  Russell left behind a list of political and legislative achievements and a reputation for mastery of legislative strategy. Despite his other distinctions, racial animus and obstructionism would become the most remembered aspects of his legacy. As biographer Gilbert Fite noted, Russell might well have achieved more, were it not for his racial views."],"dc_format":["image/jp2"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights movements--United States","Literacy tests (Election law)--United States","Patronage, Political--United States","African Americans--Civil rights","Legislators--United States","Cloture","United States--Race relations","Poll tax--United States","School integration--United States","School integration--Arkansas--Little Rock","Legislators--Georgia","Civil rights movements--Georgia","United States. Congress. Senate--Cloture"],"dcterms_title":["Richard B. Russell, Jr. collection, subgroup c, series x: civil rights, 1922-1971"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.usg.edu/record/gych_rbrl001rbrcx"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Richard B. Russell, Jr. Collection, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia."],"dlg_local_right":["Richard B. Russell, Jr. Collection, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia. Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent. Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"dcterms_medium":["archival materials","correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Russell, Richard B. (Richard Brevard), 1897-1971"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_simkins","title":"Modjeska Monteith Simkins: in her own words","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, Richland County, 34.0218, -80.90304"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1921/1991"],"dcterms_description":["A Columbia civil rights activist, Simkins served as the South Carolina State Secretary for the NAACP, 1941 to 1957. She also had leadership roles in the renovation of Good Samaritan-Waverly Hospital and the Richland County Citizens Committee. Simkins was a founder, in 1921, of the Victory Savings Bank of Columbia. Now called South Carolina Community Bank, it survives as one of the oldest African American owned banks in the country. As a voice of African American leadership in the South, Simkins was routinely asked to use her influence in political campaigns. Although she helped many leaders win election, Simkins was unable to attain elected office herself. She ran unsuccessfully for Columbia City Council in 1966 and 1984 and the S.C. House of Representatives in 1966."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil Rights--History--20th Century","African Americans--South Carolina--History","Richland County Citizens' Committee (Richland County, S.C.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. South Carolina State Conference","Voting--South Carolina","Orangeburg Massacre, Orangeburg, S.C., 1968","South Carolina State University","All-America City Award","Booker T. Washington High School (Columbia, S.C.)","Good Samaritan Waverly Hospital (Columbia, S.C.)","Journal and guide (Norfolk, Va. : National ed.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Racism--South Carolina--History--20th Century","South Carolina--Race relations--History--20th Century","University of South Carolina","Vietnam War, 1961-1975"],"dcterms_title":["Modjeska Monteith Simkins: in her own words"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["South Caroliniana Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/modjeska-monteith-simkins-in-her-own-words/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":null,"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Simkins, Modjeska Monteith, 1899-1992","Hollings, Ernest F., 1922-","Stowe, Lyman Beecher, 1880-1963","Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003","Wilkins, Roy, 1901-1981","Brooke, Edward W. (Edward William), 1919-2015","Hatcher, Richard G., 1933-","Johnston, Olin D. (Olin Dewitt), 1896-1965","Newman, I. DeQuincey (Isaiah DeQuincey), 1911-1985"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"guan_0756","title":"Clarence L. Jordan papers, 1920-1970","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["Jordan, Clarence"],"dc_date":["1920/1970"],"dcterms_description":["The collection consists of letters, pictures, clippings, manuscripts, programs, printed materials, notes, file cards, and other materials concerning the life, career, and writings of the late Dr. Clarence Leonard Jordan, founder of Koinonia Farms, an agricultural missionary enterprise, and inter-racial community. The early letters, largely from Clarence Jordan to his mother, are most revealing as to the character of the man. The many clippings and printed materials about Clarence Jordan and Koinonia also give insight into the community life, and the programs indicate the wide demand for Dr. Jordan as a speaker. The collection also includes the manuscripts, both written and typed, with annotations and/or corrections and revisions of many of Dr. Jordan's writings, particularly the Cotton Patch versions of the Gospels.","Clarence Jordan (1912-1969), a white Southern Baptist minister, cofounded Koinonia Farm in Sumter County and translated many New Testament books into the \"Cotton Patch\" versions, colloquial interpretations set in the American South. Jordan committed his ministry to racial reconciliation and economic justice. A gifted preacher and teacher, he was a popular and frequent speaker at progressive religious gatherings across the United States from the 1940s through the 1960s. Koinonia was the Christian farm community that Jordan and his wife Florence co-founded in 1942. It is considered to be the birthplace of Habitat for Humanity, among other charities. For more information, see the article  Clarence Jordan (1912-1969)  in the  New Georgia Encyclopedia.","The collection is arranged into folders but for the most part it has been described at container level.","Arranged into five series: Series 1. Correspondence; Series 2. Personal papers and manuscripts; Series 3. Koinonia; Series 4. General; and Series 5. Oversized material."],"dc_format":["image/jp2"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Jordan, Clarence--Correspondence","Koinonia Farm--History","Apocryphal Gospels","Missionaries--Georgia--Americus","Manuscripts","World War, 1939-1945","Civil rights movements--Georgia"],"dcterms_title":["Clarence L. Jordan papers, 1920-1970"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Hargrett Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://dlg.usg.edu/collection/guan_0756"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Clarence L. Jordan papers, ms756, Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library, The University of Georgia Libraries"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["clippings (information artifacts)","correspondence"],"dcterms_extent":["13.6 Linear Feet ((32 document boxes, 1 half box, 3 oversized folders A, 3 oversized folders B))"],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null}],"pages":{"current_page":29,"next_page":30,"prev_page":28,"total_pages":38,"limit_value":12,"offset_value":336,"total_count":455,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false},"facets":[{"name":"creator_facet","items":[{"value":"Smith, Lillian (Lillian Eugenia), 1897-1966","hits":6},{"value":"Richard B. 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