{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"csu_afro","title":"Black trailblazers, leaders, activists, and intellectuals in Cleveland","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Cleveland, 41.4995, -81.69541","United States, Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Glenville, 41.53338, -81.61735","United States, Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Hough, 41.512, -81.63652"],"dcterms_creator":["Cleveland State University"],"dc_date":["1912/1990"],"dcterms_description":["Black Trailblazers, Leaders, Activists, and Intellectuals in Cleveland contains approximately 2000 images of 500 individuals selected from the photographs in the Cleveland Press Collection. The photographs in the collection generally date from the 1920s on, with most of them from 1960 to 1982 and are arranged alphabetically by the individual's last name. To be included inthe collection, an individual had to be either born or raised in the greater Cleveland area or have lived a significant part of his/her life in the region. These individuals for the most part have all made a significant contribution beyond their own personal and family life to the history and development of Cleveland, and though some of them are famous, most have touched the lives of many others in relative anonymity."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans","Political activists","Civil Rights","Cleveland (Ohio)"],"dcterms_title":["Black trailblazers, leaders, activists, and intellectuals in Cleveland"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Michael Schwartz Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://clevelandmemory.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/afro"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["http://www.clevelandmemory.org/copyright/"],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs","color photographs","photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Dillard, Harrison, 1923-2019","Stokes, Carl","Walker, William Otis, 1897-1981","Owens, Jesse, 1913-1980","Morgan, Garrett A., 1877-1963","Brown, Virgil E.","Capers, Jean Murrell, 1913-","Stokes, Louis, 1925-2015","Burten, Lonnie L., Jr., 1944-1984","Forbes, George L., 1931-","Bell, James H.","White, Michael","Pinkney, Arnold R.","Barnes, John E., 1933-","Jackson, Perry B., 1896-1986","Boyd, James H.","Findley, Ralph W., 1907-","Harper, Sara J., 1927-","Austin, Sarah Short","Clement, Kenneth W., 1920-1974","Ellison, Nolen M.","Wright, Alonzo, 1914-1991"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"lmu_llgaines","title":"Lloyd L. Gaines collection","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, District of Columbia, Washington, 38.89511, -77.03637","United States, Missouri, Boone County, 38.99062, -92.30968","United States, Missouri, Boone County, Columbia, 38.95171, -92.33407","United States, Missouri, Cole County, 38.50541, -92.2816","United States, Missouri, Cole County, Jefferson City, 38.5767, -92.17352"],"dcterms_creator":["Gaines, Lloyd Lionel"],"dc_date":["1911/2006"],"dcterms_description":["Lloyd Lionel Gaines was born to the Gaines family in northern Mississippi in 1911. One of eleven children, seven of whom survived illness and accident, he moved with his widowed mother and siblings to St. Louis after the premature death of their father. They found a better, although not easy, life for themselves in Missouri. Gaines excelled in his studies graduating as valedictorian in 1931 from Vashon High School. At Lincoln University in Jefferson City, he graduated with honors and was President of the senior class, while participating in many extra-curricular activities and working to pay for his schooling.","Despite his outstanding scholastic record, the University of Missouri School of Law denied Gaines admittance in 1936 solely on the grounds that Missouri's Constitution called for \"separate education of the races.\" By state law, Missouri would have been required to pay for Gaines to attend the Universities in Iowa, Kansas and Nebraska, but Gaines was determined to fight for the right to attend law school in his own state university. He sought legal assistance from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), which had been working systematically to overturn the ignominious precedent of \"separate but equal\" established in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896. Together, they challenged the University of Missouri's admissions policies. In 1938, Gaines won his case before the United States Supreme Court in State of Missouri ex rel Gaines v. Canada, paving the way for a series of cases that would lead to Brown v. Board of Education's outlawing segregation in public education. In March 1939, only three months after his Supreme Court victory, Lloyd Gaines was last seen in Chicago. He disappeared at age 28 with his promise of attending law school in Missouri unfilfilled. Lloyd Gaines was never to be seen or heard from again.","This project seeks to illuminate Lloyd Gaines' life, document his pioneering pursuit of true equal rights to legal education, and memorialize the long overdue, posthumous recognition of his personal sacrifice in the advancement of civil rights. By gathering together primary and secondary source materials pertinent to his life and his case, we hope to tell more of Lloyd Gaines' story to the world. The University of Missouri Law Library is pleased to make these resources freely available for scholars, researchers and others to advance their knowledge and understanding of the struggle for civil rights in Missouri in the early twentieth century.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of the University of Missouri Digital Library."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Missouri","African Americans--Civil rights--Missouri","Civil rights--Missouri","African American college students--Missouri","College students--Missouri","African American law students--Missouri","Law students--Missouri","University of Missouri. School of Law--Trials, litigation, etc.","Law schools--Missouri","Segregation in higher education--Missouri","Discrimination in higher education--Missouri","African American law students--Civil rights--Missouri","United States. Supreme Court"],"dcterms_title":["Lloyd L. Gaines collection"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Missouri--Columbia. School of Law. Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://scholarship.law.missouri.edu/gaines/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["letters (correspondence)","correspondence","black-and-white photographs","legal documents","constitutions","legislative records"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Gaines, Lloyd Lionel","Gaines, Lloyd Lionel--Trials, litigation, etc.","Gaines, Lloyd Lionel--Family"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"auu_gthamilton","title":"Grace Towns Hamilton papers","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1910/1984"],"dcterms_description":["Grace Towns Hamilton (1907-1992) was a civic leader and Georgia General Assembly member. She is known as the first African American woman elected to the Georgia General Assembly. She represented the Vine City area of Atlanta in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1965 to 1984. Maps in the collection span from 1960 to 1981 with the bulk of the material from 1963 to 1975. They consist of Atlanta Neighborhoods, Atlanta Congressional Districts, Georgia counties, and election precincts of Fulton County, GA. Images in the collection span from 1910 to 1984 with the majority of materials from 1910 to 1930. They consist of Hamilton’s family, childhood, and individual portraits."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American families","African Americans--Education","African Americans--Politics and government","African American women","African American women politicians"],"dcterms_title":["Grace Towns Hamilton papers"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://radar.auctr.edu/islandora/object/auc.152%3A9999"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["All works in this collection either are protected by copyright or are the property of the Robert W. Woodruff Library, and/or the copyright holder as appropriate. To order a reproduction or to inquire about permission to publish, please contact the Archives Research Center at: archives@auctr.edu with the web URL or handle identification number."],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs","maps (documents)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Hamilton, Grace Towns, 1907-1992"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"xhs_mcjw","title":"Madam C.J. Walker","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Indiana, Marion County, Indianapolis, 39.76838, -86.15804"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1910/1998"],"dcterms_description":["Madam C. J. Walker was a self-made businesswoman who became a national figure and philanthropist. In 1910, she moved to Indianapolis, Indiana, setting up a factory and beauty school. The collection contains the personal and business papers of Madam Walker, A'Lelia Walker, Freeman B. Ransom, and others who worked for the company, records relating to operations and the beauty schools and agents, and materials from businesses located in the Walker Building in Indianapolis. This digital collection is a sample of the materials found in the collection.","This project was supported by a Digitizing Hidden Collections grant from the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR). The grant program is made possible by funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Madam C.J. Walker Supplemental Collection, Indiana Historical Society","Madam C.J. Walker Collection, Indiana Historical Society."],"dcterms_subject":["Madam C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company","Cosmetics industry--Indiana","African American businesspeople--Indiana","African American philanthropists--Indiana","African American women--Indiana"],"dcterms_title":["Madam C.J. Walker"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Indiana Historical Society"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://images.indianahistory.org/digital/collection/m0399"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["This collection materials may be printed or downloaded by individuals, schools or libraries for study, research or classroom teaching without permission. For other uses contact: mailto:visualcollections@indianahistory.org. Use must be accompanied with the attribution:  [collection name], Indiana Historical Society."],"dcterms_medium":["photographs","business records"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Walker, C. J., Madam, 1867-1919"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"gsu_skennedy","title":"Stetson Kenney papers","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Southern States, 33.346678, -84.119434"],"dcterms_creator":["Kennedy, Stetson"],"dc_date":["1910/1999"],"dcterms_description":["Stetson Kennedy (1916-2011) was an author, folklorist, environmentalist, labor activist, and human rights advocate known for his infiltration of the Ku Klux Klan during the 1940s. He authored eight books, including Palmetto Country, Southern Exposure, and The Klan Unmasked. He became one of the country's pioneering folklorists while working for the WPA Florida Writers' Project, and at the age of 21, was put in charge of folklore, oral history, and ethnic studies. After World War II, Kennedy infiltrated the Ku Klux Klan and exposed their secrets, helping Georgia authorities revoke the Klan's corporate charter. He also supplied Klan secrets to the writers of the Superman radio program which resulted in a series of four episodes in which Superman battled the KKK. In addition to his passion for folklore, Kennedy counted as close friends famous writers and musicians, including Erskine Caldwell, Jean Paul Sartre and Woody Guthrie. Until the very last days of his life, Kennedy continued to champion the causes that drove his decades of activism. His advice to young people was always to \"pick a cause and stick to it.\" Kennedy's legacy lives on through his writings, Beluthahatchee Park, and the remarkable impact he made on all those who knew him.","Georgia State University Library's Southern Labor Archives' digitized collection of Stetson Kennedy papers reflect his life and work, particularly in the areas of labor and civil rights."],"dc_format":["image/jp2"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["L1979-37_1523_116, Stetson Kennedy Papers, L1979-37, Southern Labor Archives. Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University, Atlanta."],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Ku Klux Klan (1915- )--History--Sources","Civil rights--United States--History--20th century--Sources"],"dcterms_title":["Stetson Kenney papers"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Georgia State University. Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/cdm/search/collection/SKennedy"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["manuscripts (documents)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Kennedy, Stetson--Archives"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_mmsimkins","title":"Modjeska Monteith Simkins Papers, 1909-1992","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":null,"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1909/1992"],"dcterms_description":["Activist Modjeska Simkins of Columbia, S.C. served as the South Carolina State Secretary for the NAACP, 1941-1957; as Campaign Director for the renovation of Good Samaritan-Waverly Hospital, 1944-1950; as Public Relations Director for the Richland County Citizens Committee, 1956-1988; and as President of the Southern Conference Educational Fund, 1972-1974. She also helped found, in 1921, the Victory Savings Bank of Columbia. As a voice of African-American leadership in the South, Simkins was a political force. Her papers are held by the University of South Carolina Libraries' South Carolina Political Collections, and consist of 6.25 linear feet of material."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights--South Carolina","Good Samaritan Waverly Hospital (Columbia, S.C.)","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Richland County Citizens' Committee (Richland County, S.C.)","American Civil Liberties Union","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"dcterms_title":["Modjeska Monteith Simkins Papers, 1909-1992"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["South Caroliniana Library","University of South Carolina. South Carolina Political Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/modjeska-monteith-simkins-papers-1909-1992/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["texts"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Simkins, Modjeska Monteith, 1899-1992"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"fda_houck","title":"Davis Houck papers","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5","United States, Mississippi, 32.75041, -89.75036","United States, Mississippi, Montgomery County, Winona, 33.48207, -89.72814"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1908/2015"],"dcterms_description":["Research materials gathered by Professor Davis Houck and COM3930 students on the Emmett Till murder case and related events, including news clippings and government records."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Civil rights--History--20th century","African Americans--Crimes against","Civil rights","Journalism--Political aspects--United States","Mississippi--Race relations","Racism in the press","Rhetoric--Political aspects--United States--History--20th century","Trials (Murder)--United States","Research","Winona (Miss.)","Police brutality"],"dcterms_title":["Davis Houck papers"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Florida State University Libraries. Special Collections"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:davishouckpapersmain"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Use of this item is provided for non-commercial, personal, educational, and research use only. Florida State University Libraries is providing access to these materials for educational and research purposes and makes no warranty with regard to their use for other purposes. The written permission of the copyright owners and/or other rights holders (such as holders of publicity and/or privacy rights) is required for distribution, reproduction, or other use of protected items beyond that allowed by fair use or other statutory exemptions (see Title 17, U.S.C.). For information about the copyright and reproduction rights for this item, please contact Special Collections \u0026 Archives, Florida State University Libraries, Tallahassee, Florida: https://www.lib.fsu.edu/department/special-collections-archives."],"dcterms_medium":["personal correspondence","documents (object genre)","photographic prints","blueprints (reprographic copies)","maps (documents)","newspapers","records (documents)","theses","pamphlets","hearings (event)","case files","articles"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Till, Emmett, 1941-1955"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"fbi_foia","title":"FBI Freedom of Information Act collection : civil rights","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1908/9999"],"dcterms_description":["The most frequently requested documents available for reading at FBI Headquarters in Washington, DC.  the quality of these copies is often poor, because the original files are in fragile condition. These are the best reproductions available. Please also note that portions of the documents have been marked out and small codes appear in the margins or alongside the deletions. These codes may be matched up to our Explanation of Exemptions sheet. The deletions are made, in general terms, to protect national security, personal privacy interests, the identity of confidential sources, and law enforcement techniques."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":null,"dcterms_title":["FBI Freedom of Information Act collection : civil rights"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://vault.fbi.gov/civil-rights"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["federal government records"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"abj_p4017coll6","title":"Photographs","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Jefferson County, Birmingham, 33.52066, -86.80249"],"dcterms_creator":["Birmingham Police Department","Loveman's (Firm)","Hunt, Oscar V.","Jefferson County (Alabama). Board of Equalization","Birmingham Post Herald","Preston, Charles"],"dc_date":["1908/1966"],"dcterms_description":["A collection of photographs of the architecture, businesses, and people of Birmingham. Included in the collection are portraits of prominent historical figures and photographs that document the civil rights movement in the city."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights movements--Alabama--Birmingham","Loveman's (Firm)","Sixteenth Street Baptist Church (Birmingham, Ala.)","Civil rights--Alabama--Birmingham--History","16th Street Baptist Church Bombing, Birmingham, Ala., 1963","Bombings--Alabama--Birmingham","Department stores--Alabama--Birmingham","Picketing--Alabama--Birmingham","Civil rights workers--Alabama--Birmingham","African Americans--Civil rights--Alabama--Birmingham--History--20th century","Bombings--Alabama--Birmingham--History--20th century","African American clergy","African American lawyers--Alabama--Birmingham","African Americans--Politics and government","African Americans--Segregation","Birmingham (Ala.)--Officials and employees","Birmingham (Ala.)--Politics and government--20th century","Civil rights--Alabama--Birmingham","Democratic Party (Ala.)","Lawyers--Alabama--Birmingham","Mayors--Alabama--Birmingham","African Americans--Legal status, laws, etc. ","Courthouses--Alabama","Jefferson County (Ala.)","Theaters--Alabama--Birmingham"],"dcterms_title":["Photographs"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Birmingham Public Library (Ala.)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://cdm16044.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p4017coll6"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Shores, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis), 1904-1996","Billingsley, Orzell, 1924-2001","Boutwell, Albert Burton, 1904-1978","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Connor, Eugene, 1897-1973","Billingsley, Geselda","Jackson, Emory O., 1908-1975","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Morgan, Juliette Hampton, 1914-1957","Sarfaty, Dudley E."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"nxa_mhlee","title":"Mollie Huston Lee Collection","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Wake County, Raleigh, 35.7721, -78.63861"],"dcterms_creator":["Lee, Mollie Huston"],"dc_date":["1907/1982"],"dcterms_description":["Selections from the Mollie Huston Lee Collection. Lee was the first African America librarian in Wake County, North Carolina and founder of Raleigh's Richard B. Harrison Library. Lee started and maintained a collection chronicling the African American experience both locally and nationally. The collection has grown to over 5,000 volumes, composed of both adult and juvenile fiction and nonfiction, serials, pamphlets, and vertical file materials. The vertical file collection has a special focus on documenting the lives of African Americans in Raleigh communities. The online collection consists of biographical information about Lee and African American actor Richard B. Harrison, for whom the library is named. The selections include flyers and clippings related to the 1960 boycotts and sit-ins in Raleigh as well as documents about the library's history."],"dc_format":null,"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American librarians--North Carolina--Wake County","Richard B. Harrison Library (Raleigh, N.C.)--History","Civil rights movements--North Carolina--Raleigh","Boycotts--North Carolina--Raleigh","Sit-ins--North Carolina--Raleigh","African Americans and libraries--North Carolina--Raleigh--History--20th century","African Americans--Civil rights--North Carolina--Raleigh--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Mollie Huston Lee Collection"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["Richard B. Harrison Library (Raleigh, N.C.)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.wakegov.com/mollie-huston-lee-collection"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["photographs","clippings (information artifacts)","fliers (printed matter)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Lee, Mollie Huston","Harrison, Richard B."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_isleevy","title":"Isaac Samuel Leevy Papers, 1905-1973","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, South Carolina, Kershaw County, 34.33876, -80.59026","United States, South Carolina, Richland County, 34.0218, -80.90304","United States, South Carolina, Richland County, Columbia, 34.00071, -81.03481"],"dcterms_creator":["Leevy, Isaac Samuel, 1876-1968","Montgomery, John A.","Afro-American (Baltimore, Md. : National ed.)","Jenkins, H. Harrison","Leevy Johnson, Ruby Geneva (1917-2012)","The Palmetto Leader (Columbia, S.C.) 1925-196?","Black on News (Columbia, S.C.) 1972-1977","Goodwin Lumber \u0026 Supply Co.","John Alexander Montgomery Jr. (1906-1989)","Leevy's Funeral Home","Leevy's Standard Furniture Company","The Brüner Woolen Company","The Columbia Record (Columbia, S.C.) 1913-1988"],"dc_date":["1905/1973"],"dcterms_description":["Isaac Samuel Leevy (1876-1968) was an African American entrepreneur and civic leader in Columbia, South Carolina best known for directing Leevy’s Funeral Home and staunchly supporting a two-party political system in the state as a Republican (until late in life) and Richland County Chairman of the South Carolina Republican Party.","From 1907-1932, he worked as a Merchant Tailor and Real Estate agent and owned and operated a department store, service station, furniture store, a hog farm, barber shop, beauty shop, automobile garage, and a dressmaking business before opening a mortuary and funeral home in 1932.","Leevy was involved in multiple interracial school boards and business boards and received honorary Master of Arts, Doctor of Humanities, and Doctor of Law degrees from South Carolina educational institutions. He was a founder of the Columbia branch of the NAACP candidate for the South Carolina Legislature, the U.S. Congress, and a delegate of the National Republican Convention in 1956 and was an early influence on grandson Isaac Samuel Leevy Johnson (1942-), who became a celebrated attorney and South Carolina House of Representatives member.","The I.S. Leevy collection contains a biography, newspaper clippings, personal correspondence and ephemera, and multiple school notebooks from Leevy’s time at Hampton Institute (Hampton Junior School) in Hampton, Virginia."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":["Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina. South Caroliniana Library"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--South Carolina","Personal correspondence","Civil rights--United States","Education","Mail art","Southern States--Politics and government--1951","Advertisements","Christmas","New Year cards","Postal service","Racism in art","Racism in cartoons","Racism in language","Racism in popular culture","Voter registration"],"dcterms_title":["Isaac Samuel Leevy Papers, 1905-1973"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage","Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["South Caroliniana Library","University of South Carolina. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://digital.library.sc.edu/collections/isleevy"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Copyright Not Evaluated. For further information please contact The University of South Carolina, South Caroliniana Library, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["newspaper clippings","correspondence","postcards","bulletins","manuscripts (documents)","notebooks","advertising fans","documents (object genre)","ephemera (general object genre)","programs (documents)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Leevy, Isaac Samuel, 1876-1968"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"suc_mcnair","title":"Robert McNair: in his own words","collection_id":null,"collection_title":null,"dcterms_contributor":["McNair, Robert E. 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All rights reserved. For further information please contact the University of South Carolina, South Carolina Political Collections, Columbia, SC 29208."],"dcterms_medium":["speeches (compositions)","photographs","clippings (information artifacts)","correspondence","press releases","testimonies","pamphlets","reports"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["McNair, Robert E. (Robert Evander), 1923-2007","Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994","Brown, Edgar A. 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