{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48213","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking about the work of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in Chicago as well as current political parties, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 June","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798","United States, Illinois, Cook County, Chicago, 41.85003, -87.65005"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-06-00"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips from Atlanta, Georgia in June 1965 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaks to reporters at a Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) press conference with Hosea Williams and Bayard Rustin about work in Chicago and current political parties. The clip's audio is inconsistent; comments may not be completely recorded.","The clip begins with a series of silent shots of Dr. King, Hosea Williams, and Bayard Rustin sitting at a table with microphones in front of them and a sign for the Summer Community Organization and Political Education (SCOPE) project, led by Hosea Williams with the assistance of Bayard Rustin, behind them. There are also views of people taking notes. Sound begins at about 20 seconds into the clip. King praises president Lyndon B. Johnson for his \"creative leadership in the area of civil rights.\" He next asserts the importance of ending \"de facto segregation\" in cities like Chicago, where SCLC plans to \"bring these issues out into the open\" and \"to place it before the conscience of the community so that a change can take place.\"  When asked by an unidentified off-screen reporter if he has been invited to Chicago, King replies that leaders invited him to the city and that while he has been unable to go, he hopes to travel there soon.","After a silent portion of the clip that is almost 2 minutes long, another unidentified off-screen reporter asks King if he supports demonstrations in Chicago to seek the removal of school superintendent Dr. Benjamin Willis. King indicates he \"strongly supports\" the program and feels that Dr. Willis does not understand the problem of de facto segregation in Chicago schools. Speaking more about the possibility of visiting Chicago, King clarifies that he is working with local leadership \"to determine the most decisive moment.\"  Asked further about the removal of superintendent Willis, King emphasizes the importance of finding the right replacement. Next King presents his opinion relative to endorsing candidates and pledges to continue to follow a nonpartisan role in such matters. King recognizes that \"someone must stand in the position of being the conscience of both political parties and neither the master nor the servant of either.\"  In the case of the 1964 presidential election, King stresses that he felt he had to take a stand against \"Goldwater-ism\" and that faced with the same choice in the future he would do so again. The clip ends with a man off-screen informing the reporters that copies and refreshments are available for them.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn48213"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Press conferences--Georgia--Atlanta","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Atlanta","Presidents--United States","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregation--United States","School superintendents--Illinois--Chicago","Segregation in education--Illinois--Chicago","Political candidates--United States","Presidents--United States--Election--1964","De facto school segregation--Illinois--Chicago","Political parties--United States","Party affiliation--United States"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking about the work of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in Chicago as well as current political parties, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 June"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48213"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48213"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-06-00"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn48213, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking about the work of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in Chicago as well as current political parties, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 June, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1294, 14:33/21:33, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 7 mins.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968--Interviews","Williams, Hosea, 1926-2000","Rustin, Bayard, 1912-1987","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Willis, Benjamin C.","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968--Political activity","Goldwater, Barry M. (Barry Morris), 1909-1998"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47970","title":"Black Leaders Support Hill's Statements Calling for Elimination of the Discriminatory Practices by the Atlanta School Board","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Williams, Hosea, 1926-2000","Bond, Julian, 1940-","Johnson, Leroy, 1928-","Vivian, C. T."],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-04-13"],"dcterms_description":["Black Leaders Support Hill's Statements Calling for Elimination of the Discriminatory Practices by the Atlanta School Board","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn47970"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["School management and organization","Blacks","Discrimination","Demonstrations and Riots"],"dcterms_title":["Black Leaders Support Hill's Statements Calling for Elimination of the Discriminatory Practices by the Atlanta School Board"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47970"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47970"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-04-13"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn47970, Black Leaders Support Hill's Statements Calling for Elimination of the Discriminatory Practices by the Atlanta School Board, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1263, 48:15/58:54, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 10 mins., 39 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48160","title":"Civil Rights Demonstrators Stranded in Atlanta Terminal Station","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-03-24"],"dcterms_description":["Civil Rights Demonstrators Stranded in Atlanta Terminal Station","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn48160"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Demonstrations and Riots","Railroads","Blacks","Transportation","Whites","Discrimination"],"dcterms_title":["Civil Rights Demonstrators Stranded in Atlanta Terminal Station"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48160"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48160"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-03-24"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn48160, Civil Rights Demonstrators Stranded in Atlanta Terminal Station, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1275, 45:22/51:37, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 6 mins., 15 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47946","title":"Governor Sanders on Voting Rights and Education in Georgia After","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Sanders, Carl, 1925-2014"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-03-24"],"dcterms_description":["Governor Sanders on Voting Rights and Education in Georgia After","Meeting with the President","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn47946"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Governors","Discrimination","Education","Blacks","Schools"],"dcterms_title":["Governor Sanders on Voting Rights and Education in Georgia After"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47946"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47946"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-03-24"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn47946, Governor Sanders on Voting Rights and Education in Georgia After, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1257, 10:20/21:35, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 11 mins., 15 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47853","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an Atlanta civil rights march protesting alleged police brutality in Selma, Alabama, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 March 16","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Dallas County, Selma, 32.40736, -87.0211","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-03-16"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from Atlanta, Georgia on March 16, 1965, civil rights demonstrators march from Ebenezer Baptist Church and from Atlanta University Center to the federal courthouse to protest alleged police brutality in Selma, Alabama. The clip is frequently dark, and the audio is inconsistent. A group of demonstrators including African Americans, white citizens, and nuns in religious habits appear to line up behind someone carrying an American flag; many of the demonstrators carry picket signs. Picket sign slogans throughout the march include \"Let's make [President] Johnson's words reality,\" \"Jim Clark [Dallas County, Alabama sheriff] must go!\" \"One man one vote\"; \"Stop police killings\"; \"Gas is Nazism,\" and \"State Police don't beat registered voters.\" A man stands in front of a banner for the \"Metropolitan Atlanta Civil Council\"; later another man uses a microphone attached to a car to read from a text, and afterwards the demonstrators begin to march. Cars appear to follow the protesters who walk on the road's median, and people stand on the overpass above the demonstration. A few demonstrators carry a banner with the phrase \"Atlanta U Students are here.\" A small amount of protesters wear armbands with an \"M\" on them, possibly signifying that they are marshals for the demonstration. Another banner has the slogan \"St. Martin's Human Relations Council.\" St. Martin's was the archdiocese in Atlanta. The demonstration had two branches, one leaving from the Atlanta University Center and the other from Ebenezer Baptist Church. Both meet at the federal courthouse downtown. After the march reaches downtown, the demonstrators march near the federal courthouse, and spectators watch from across the street. A white man in a convertible appears to wait for the demonstration to cross the street so he can continue driving. More observers watch from the open windows of a tall building. White reporters and two African American men, one holding an envelope, stand together away from the crowd. The marchers seem to gather in an alley beside the federal courthouse where Martin Luther King, Sr. appears to pray, and the crowd sways and links their hands. According to a report in the Atlanta Journal, King urged the marchers to be grateful the demonstration occurred without incident. Interspersed with scenes of the crowd in the alley an African American man walks in front of a crowd on the sidewalk with several signs including \"Jesus says we must be born again,\" \"Prepare to meet thy God,\" and \"Repent or live in hell.\" Audio portions within the clip record the demonstrators clapping, chanting, exclaiming \"Freedom!\" and singing \"We shall overcome\" and \"Everybody wants freedom\" while horns honk. Women with children in strollers and clergy also participate in the demonstration. The crowd stands in front of another building, and Julian Bond, former head of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, walks through the crowd. The camera focuses on the interracial group as they sing, sway, and hold hands. The clip ends with a sign for the Clark Howell School, and white men and women sit in a room. Civil rights protests focusing on African American voting rights in Selma, Dallas County, Alabama began early in 1965 as part of a larger campaign in Alabama's \"Black Belt.\" On February 18, 1965 eighteen-year-old civil rights worker Jimmy Lee Jackson was shot in Marion, Alabama following a voter registration demonstration. He died of his wounds on February 26. On March 4 the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. announced a march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, about fifty miles away, to honor Jackson and to petition for fairer voting laws. In response, Governor George Wallace on March 7 proclaimed he would not let the demonstrators march and ordered Al Lingo, director of the state highway patrol, to prevent the march. On Sunday, March 8 state police violently prevented demonstrators from leaving Selma for Montgomery. In Atlanta, Georgia, students from the historically African American Atlanta University Center picketed the federal courthouse in sympathy to the civil rights workers in Selma and asked for sheriff Jim Clark's arrest as well as federal troops to protect civil rights workers. On March 16 in Atlanta a crowd of between one thousand and three thousand marched downtown again seeking action in Selma from the federal government. President Lyndon B. Johnson federalized the Alabama National Guard March 20 to protect marchers because governor Wallace claimed he was \"willing but unable to pay.\" The march reached Montgomery March 24.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn47853"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","Protest marches--Georgia--Atlanta","Protest songs--Georgia--Atlanta","Singing--Georgia--Atlanta","Signs and signboards--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Songs and music","Courthouses--Georgia--Atlanta","Police brutality--Alabama--Selma","Picketing--Georgia--Atlanta","Nuns--Georgia--Atlanta","Flags--United States","College students--Georgia--Atlanta","African American college students--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Politics and government","Prayer--Georgia--Atlanta","Public worship--Georgia--Atlanta","Everybody wants freedom (Song)","We shall overcome (Song)","Clergy--Georgia--Atlanta"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an Atlanta civil rights march protesting alleged police brutality in Selma, Alabama, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 March 16"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47853"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47853"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-03-16"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn47853, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an Atlanta civil rights march protesting alleged police brutality in Selma, Alabama, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 March 16, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1250, 41:02/57:02, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 16 mins.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["King, Martin Luther, Sr., 1899-1984","Bond, Julian, 1940-2015","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Clark, Jim"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47775","title":"GRAND DRAGON OF THE GEORGIA KLAN, CRAIG, TALKS ABOUT \"NIGGER COMMUNISTS\"","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-02-14"],"dcterms_description":["Title supplied by cataloger.","Clip number: wsbn4777547775"],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Discrimination","African Americans","Communism","Ku Klux Klan (1915- )","Craig, Calvin, 1928-"],"dcterms_title":["GRAND DRAGON OF THE GEORGIA KLAN, CRAIG, TALKS ABOUT \"NIGGER COMMUNISTS\""],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47775"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47775"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn4777547775, (No title), WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1245, 21:36/24:40, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Ga"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 3 min.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42788","title":"Police Shoot Black Suspect Dead; Black Funeral Operators Retrieve Suspects Body","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Johnson, Jack"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-02-02"],"dcterms_description":["Police Shoot Black Suspect Dead; Black Funeral Operators Retrieve Suspects Body","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn42788"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Robbery","Shootings","Police","Death","Blacks","Theft"],"dcterms_title":["Police Shoot Black Suspect Dead; Black Funeral Operators Retrieve Suspects Body"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42788"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42788"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-02-02"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn42788, Police Shoot Black Suspect Dead; Black Funeral Operators Retrieve Suspects Body, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0951, 17:14/19:34, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 2 mins., 20 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47697","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Lester Maddox pushing African Americans away from his cafeteria with an ax handle, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 January 29","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-01-29"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from January 29, 1965, Reverend Charles E. Wells, Sr. and three unidentified African American men peacefully attempt to patronize the Lester Maddox Cafeteria in Atlanta, Georgia, where they are faced down by Lester Maddox and other white restaurant patrons and staff, who violently push them away from the establishment and shout at them. A young white male patron is also pushed off of the property. Multiple segments of the clip appear to be out of sequence.","The silent clip, just over four and a half minutes long, begins outside the entrance of the Lester Maddox Cafeteria at 891 Hemphill Avenue N. W., Atlanta, where a crowd of white men and four African American men are gathered.  Lester Maddox, the restaurant's proprietor, shoves Reverend Charles E. Wells, Sr. and an unidentified African American man away from the entrance; they resist peacefully. The clip breaks, and in the next shot, Maddox, holding an axe handle, grabs Wells by the lapels of his coat, and pushes him forcefully across the parking lot, while Lester Maddox, Jr. aggressively shoves another African American man outside of the camera frame. Again, Wells and the other African American man are peacefully resisting. As Maddox retreats to the front entrance of the restaurant, he yells something to the crowd of bystanders. The clip breaks, and Maddox uses his hands to push away a third African American man who also resists peacefully.  Maddox then rushes across to shove Wells, who has returned from the edge of the parking lot to his previous position in front of the restaurant; Maddox initially uses an axe handle, then grabs Wells several times by the neck and pushes him back to the sidewalk. Wells holds his hands in the air, presumably to demonstrate that he is not retaliating. After another jump in the clip, Maddox speaks to a young white man standing in front of his restaurant. The clip breaks, and Maddox, filmed from the back, pushes the young man away to the curb; a white woman stands to the side, holding a coat. Next, a police car and an officer on a motorcycle drive past the restaurant; the officer on the motorcycle makes a u-turn and drives in the opposite direction. This is followed by a sidewalk shot of a white man in a service uniform aggressively wagging his finger in the face of one of the unidentified African American men who have attempted to enter the restaurant. Next, a shot filmed from a further distance shows a crowd gathered in front of the restaurant. A covered sign on the property reads \"This light turned out by L. B. J.\"; also visible is a large, white, smokestack-shaped monument that Maddox built to memorialize private property rights.","In the next shot, taken from a distance, two of the African American men who sought service at the restaurant exit the premises and make their way down the sidewalk. Next, the clip jumps back to Lester Maddox in the midst of a discussion with the young white man he pushed off of the restaurant premises in a previous section of the clip. The clip jumps to a shot of Maddox pointing vigorously at the young man, then at the curb; Maddox reaches for the young man's shoulder, directs him toward the curb, and pushes him off of the premises. As he does this, white bystanders hover around the scene in the parking lot. A model A Ford is parked at the back of the parking lot. Attached to its side is a banner, whose legible text reads \"The Pickrick Ford drawing FREE 3:00 P.M. April 6\"; the rest of the banner is illegible.  After a pause, the clip jumps back to a shot of the front of the restaurant, with three members of the group of African American men standing by the entrance. The same uniformed white man addresses one of the African American men, then gestures toward the door with his arm. This is followed by another shot of Lester Maddox shoving away two members of the group of African American men with an axe handle while a group of white men rush behind Maddox, and a cameraman tries to capture the shot. Wells attempts to engage Maddox in discussion; Maddox is joined promptly by several white men, who stand beside him; one of whom is a restaurant employee wearing an apron and paper hat. A nearby donation box reads \"Clothes for the needy.\" Next, Wells and two African American men stand in the restaurant driveway while speaking to the white man in the service uniform. He points his finger in their faces again. The fourth African American member of the group is behind them, speaking to another person who is off-camera. Next, the camera focuses on the predominantly white crowd in a shot framed above the shoulders, and closes in on a white man wearing glasses and a hat, attempting to speak to Wells. The clip jumps, and a white reporter asks Wells a question as he departs from the site. The clip pauses for a period, showing a blank black screen, and then a shot of the asphalt below.","The clip resumes with a shot of two police cars parked directly across the street from the restaurant. A police officer stands outside of the car closest to the street. There is another shot of a police officer on a motorcycle; he turns his car into the lot where the two police cars are parked. The next shot, taken from inside the lot where the police cars are parked, shows the top of one of the police cars, and the Lester Maddox Cafeteria across the street; one of the police cars pulls out of the lot. Across the street, the crowd outside of the restaurant appears to have dispersed; several customers walk toward the restaurant entrance, and a young white boy crosses the street.  The clip breaks and begins again with another shot of the restaurant taken from the same location. The clip pauses again, displaying a blank black screen, then a gray screen.","Next, the clip returns to another shot of Maddox pushing away one of the unidentified African American men, then Wells, then another man; he pushes the first two men by their chests, and the third man by grabbing the back of his neck and head; the African American men attempt to regain their composure and make their way back to the restaurant.  The camera, now directly in front of Maddox, captures a frontal view of him pushing one of the African American men towards the camera. Maddox retreats; as he moves backward, it becomes evident that he is holding axe handles in both hands. The African American men do not fight back. One of the unidentified African American men begins to speak to Maddox, as he gestures with both hands. White restaurant patrons and employees move in beside Maddox, to block the African American men from moving closer to the restaurant. A man puts Wells' hat back on his head, and Maddox heads back toward the restaurant. The African American men continue to speak to the white men who have blocked the front of the restaurant. The same uniformed white man seen in previous shots approaches one of the African American men, then aggressively points at him and shouts. Wells attempts to intercede. Next, in a shot taken from behind Wells, several angry white restaurant patrons exchange words with Wells and another of the African American men, while several other white men stand behind and observe. This is followed by a shot taken from a different angle, where two different white men speak to Wells. The clip jumps back to a shot of the same uniformed white man combatively pointing and thrusting his arm in front of the face of the same African American man; the African American man shouts back at him. The shot is taken behind the white man's head; it is not clear if he is also shouting. Next, another white man argues with the African American man standing next to Wells and repeatedly shakes his pinched fingers, as though he is trying to make a series of points. This white man is also filmed from behind, so it is unclear if he is shouting.  The clip jumps to another shot of the crowd gathered in the parking lot in front of the restaurant, taken from a distance.","Next, Wells and the three other African American men retreat from the restaurant parking lot to the sidewalk, and, as seen in a previous section of the clip, Wells turns around to speak to the white reporter as he leaves. The African American men leave the site of the restaurant, and proceed down the sidewalk. Next, the camera captures a close-up shot of the sign for the Lester Maddox Cafeteria, then jumps back to another shot of Maddox speaking to the young white man he kicked off of his property in a previous section of the clip; they are standing in front of the restaurant entrance. Maddox extends his arm and points to his right. The clip breaks again, to another shot of Maddox and the young white man, this time on the edge of the restaurant property; here, Maddox leans in toward the young man, then walks away. Next, several people mill around the entrance of the Lester Maddox Cafeteria, the shot includes the antique Ford in the parking lot, with another sign on the back of the car that reads \"Pickrick Ford\"; the rest of the text on the sign is illegible. This is followed by a shot of a newer light-colored car that displays the Pickrick Restaurant's logo, and reads \"The Pickrick Atlanta, Ga. Lester Maddox, Pres.\" The camera pans back up to the sign \"Lester Maddox Cafeteria\" posted above the entrance of the restaurant. The clip ends with a shot of a group of several white customers walking beneath the building's awning and toward the restaurant entrance.","On January 29, 1965, Reverend Charles E. Wells, Sr. and three other African American men were denied service at the Lester Maddox Cafeteria, where they were verbally accosted and physically shoved away, in some cases with axe handles, by white patrons of the restaurant. The four African American men had also attempted to patronize Maddox's establishment on two previous occasions. Maddox, still waiting to answer a federal contempt order for his refusal to integrate, was operating his establishment in open defiance of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. He was also awaiting trial on pending state charges for pointing a gun on three African American ministers, George Willis, Jr., Woodrow Lewis, and Albert Dunn in their attempt to integrate his previous establishment, the Pickrick Restaurant, on July 4, 1964. A photograph from the incident was captured by an Associated Press photographer and saw nationwide distribution; in the photo, Maddox and his son Lester Maddox, Jr. force George Lewis away from Maddox's Pickrick restaurant by pointing a handgun and brandishing an axe handle at him. Willis vs. Pickrick Restaurant, the lawsuit filed by Willis, Lewis, and Dunn, became the first case brought under the public accommodations section of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In the wake of national publicity surrounding the event, Maddox adopted the axe handle as a symbol of his resistance to desegregation, and sold souvenir axe handles, dubbed \"Pickrick drumsticks\" to his segregationist supporters, in whose eyes he had become a folk hero. On July 22, 1964, a federal court upheld the Civil Rights Act, and issued an injunction against the Pickrick and the white-only Heart of Atlanta Motel, owned by Atlanta attorney Moreton Rolleston. Both businesses were prohibited from denying service to customers based on color or race. While lawyers appealed the case to the United States Supreme Court, Maddox closed the Pickrick on August 13, and re-opened the business as the Lester Maddox Cafeteria on September 26 on the same property. Maddox contended that the new establishment was a local business that did not engage in state commerce, and was therefore not subject to the Civil Rights Act. In December 1964, the United States Supreme Court ruled to uphold the Civil Rights Act. For the next couple of months, Maddox continued to operate his new restaurant under the pretense of refusing to serve integrationists, a denial of service that he insisted was politically, not racially, based. On February 5, 1965, federal district judge Frank A. Hooper found Maddox to be in contempt of court, and imposed a fine of two hundred dollars for each day he failed to integrate his restaurant. During his contempt hearing, Maddox testified that he never used violence against African Americans, and claimed that he only shoved Wells and his party because the African American men had shoved him first. He also complained to the press about a sprained arm and hand. On February 7, 1965, Maddox closed the Lester Maddox Cafeteria. That same year, he announced his candidacy for governor of Georgia. After having defeated political moderate (and former governor) Ellis Arnall in the Democratic primaries, Maddox ran against segregationist Republican Howard \"Bo\" Callaway in 1966. Although Callaway received the most popular votes in the general election, a vigorous write-in campaign for Ellis Arnall prevented Callaway from receiving the majority vote that was required by the state constitution at that date, and shifted the gubernatorial election to the Democratic party-dominated Georgia State Assembly, where Maddox's victory was secured by a vote of 182 to 66. Ten legislators, nine of whom were African American, refused to vote for either segregationist candidate.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn47697"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Discrimination in restaurants--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregation--Southern States","Segregationists--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregationists--Southern States","Race relations","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights demonstrations--Southern States","Police--Georgia--Atlanta","Restaurants--Georgia--Atlanta","Restaurateurs--Georgia--Atlanta","Restaurants--Employees","Discrimination in restaurants--Southern States","Discrimination in public accommodations--Georgia--Atlanta","Discrimination in public accommodations--Southern States","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Southern States","African American clergy--Georgia","Clergy--Georgia","Race discrimination--Georgia--Atlanta","Race discrimination--Southern States","Racism--Georgia--Atlanta","Racism--Southern States","African Americans--Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Segregation--Southern States","African Americans--Crimes against--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Crimes against--Southern States","Offenses against the person--Georgia","Offenses against the person--Southern States","African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--Civil rights--Southern States","African Americans--Violence against--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Violence against--Southern States","African Americans--Georgia--Social conditions--20th century","African Americans--Southern States--Social conditions--20th century","Whites--Georgia--Social conditions--20th century","Whites--Southern States--Social conditions--20th century","Social conflict--Georgia--Atlanta","City traffic--Georgia--Atlanta","Motorcycles--Georgia--Atlanta","Police vehicles--Georgia--Atlanta","Press--Georgia--Atlanta","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Atlanta","Television journalists--Georgia--Atlanta","Television cameras--Georgia--Atlanta","Signs and signboards--Georgia--Atlanta","Monuments--Georgia--Atlanta","Parking lots--Georgia--Atlanta","Raffles--Georgia--Atlanta","Poor--Charitable contributions--Georgia--Atlanta","Southern States--Race relations","Georgia--Race relations","Southern States--Race relations--History--20th century","Georgia--Social conditions--20th century","Southern States--Social conditions--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Lester Maddox pushing African Americans away from his cafeteria with an ax handle, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 January 29"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47697"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn47697"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-01-29"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn47697, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of Lester Maddox pushing African Americans away from his cafeteria with an ax handle, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 January 29, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1241, 3:57/08:32, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 4 mins., 35 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003","Maddox, Lester, Jr., 1944-","Wells, Charles E. 1938-2004"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42984","title":"Dr. Letson Atlanta Public Schools Superintendent Speaks on Transfer of Black Students to White School (1965)","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Williams, Lanny","Letson, John W., 1911-1990"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-01-01"],"dcterms_description":["Dr. Letson Atlanta Public Schools Superintendent Speaks on Transfer of Black Students to White School (1965)","Reporter: Williams, Lanny","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn42984"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Education","Student activities","Segregation","Blacks","Schools"],"dcterms_title":["Dr. Letson Atlanta Public Schools Superintendent Speaks on Transfer of Black Students to White School (1965)"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42984"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42984"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-01-01"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn42984, Dr. Letson Atlanta Public Schools Superintendent Speaks on Transfer of Black Students to White School (1965), WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0959, 52:23/56:14, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 3 mins., 51 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42636","title":"MADDOX ON CLOSING PICKRICK RATHER THAN DESEGREGATE HIS RESTAURANT (1965)","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965","1965-01-01"],"dcterms_description":["Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Governors","African Americans","Communism","Discrimination","Hotels"],"dcterms_title":["MADDOX ON CLOSING PICKRICK RATHER THAN DESEGREGATE HIS RESTAURANT (1965)"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42636"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42636"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn42636, (No title), WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0942, 33:48/46:54, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Ga"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 13 min.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn51708","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of a news report about continued segregation at the Lester Maddox Cafeteria, with comments by segregationist Lester Maddox and African American civil rights lawyer Donald Hollowell, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Briggs, Fred, 1932-","Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003","Hollowell, Donald L., 1917-2004"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from 1965, a reporter comments on the segregationist polices at the Lester Maddox cafeteria in Atlanta, Georgia and interviews Lester Maddox and civil rights lawyer Donald Hollowell about the situation.","The clip is divided into two segments. The clip begins with two white men walking through a door into the Lester Maddox Cafeteria. A sign on the door indicates that the business does not serve integrationists. Inside the restaurant, white men and women sit at tables around the room. An African American man in a uniform buses tables, and a white man uses the telephone. Lester Maddox walks by carrying a pitcher in each hand. Next, African American civil rights lawyer Donald Hollowell sits in an office.","After a break in the clip, reporter Fred Briggs stands outside the Lester Maddox Cafeteria and comments on the situation. He explains that the Lester Maddox Cafeteria used to be the Pickrick Restaurant. He mentions that the Pickrick sign is now covered. The covering, seen in the clip, reads \"This light turned out by L.B.J.\" The sign refers to President Lyndon B. Johnson who had a reputation for turning off lights at the White House and who signed the 1964 Civil Rights Act which outlawed racial discrimination by businesses. Briggs reports that since September 1964 the restaurant has been known as the Lester Maddox Cafeteria. Although the name has changed, Briggs continues, the trademarks of the Pickrick remain, including the same recipes and a table of segregationist literature. Briggs indicates that many customers have returned to the Pickrick, but that while business appears to be doing well, Maddox says it is not all returned.","Following a break in the clip, Lester Maddox comments further on the situation, blaming \"the agitation and the confusion caused by the agitators\" for a fifteen to twenty percent decline from normal business. Maddox claims that if agitators leave him and his business alone, it can return to being \"a successful part of the American free enterprise system.\" Briggs outlines Maddox's business policy. While Maddox cannot legally refuse service to patrons because of \"race, creed, or color,\" he claims he does not have to serve \"integrationists.\" Briggs clarifies that an African American who wants to eat at the cafeteria would be an integrationist, because a segregationist would not want to eat there. The clip breaks again, and Briggs reports that following the December 1964 Supreme Court ruling in Heart of Atlanta v. United States, African Americans have not tried to patronize the Lester Maddox Cafeteria, and according to lawyer Donald Hollowell, they probably will not try in the future.","The clip returns to Hollowell sitting in his office. Hollowell comments on the international publicity surrounding the state and federal court cases against Lester Maddox and his restaurant. Hollowell believes that since African Americans know of the cases against Maddox, they are content to \"let that matter rest\" and \"let the courts take care of it.\" Hollowell also recognizes that other restaurant owners do comply with the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Reporter Briggs concludes by repeating Maddox's hope that the courts and African Americans will continue to leave him alone.","During the b-roll of the clip, Maddox again walks around the restaurant with a pitcher in each hand. Men sit at tables with food in front of them. Pro-segregation literature sits on a table in the front of the room. A sign near a pond encourages patrons to \"make a wish and a gift for segregation.\" Maddox, employees, and patrons walk around the room.","Lester Maddox ran the Pickrick with his wife, Virginia, from 1947 until 1965. The restaurant, located near the campus of Georgia Institute of Technology, or Georgia Tech, became well-known for its good food and reasonable prices. Maddox used his position as a businessman to speak out in favor of segregation. During the civil rights demonstrations in the early 1960s, Maddox refused to serve African American patrons. He kept ax handles--called \"Pickrick drumsticks\" near the restaurant's front door to discourage African Americans seeking to eat at the restaurant. Following the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, Maddox chased two African Americans away from the Pickrick at gunpoint. Maddox publicly announced he would go to jail before serving African Americans, even after being charged in court for pointing a gun at the men. On July 22 in a case against the Pickrick and the white-only Heart of Atlanta Motel, a federal court upheld the Civil Rights Act and issued an injunction beginning August 11 against both businesses prohibiting them from denying service to customers based on color or race. Lawyers appealed the case to the United States Supreme Court which heard the case in October; while waiting for the court to hear the case, the Heart of Atlanta began accepting African American customers, and Maddox closed the Pickrick on August 13. On September 26 Maddox opened the Lester Maddox Cafeteria in the Pickrick's old location and announced he would serve \"acceptable\" Georgians. During a trial for contempt of court on September 29, Maddox argued that he was not in contempt because he was no longer offering service to out-of-state travelers or integrationists. In December 1964 the United States Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Civil Rights Act. On February 5, 1965 a federal court ruled Maddox was in contempt of court for failing to obey the injunction and ordered him fined two hundred dollars a day for failing to serve African Americans. Maddox closed the restaurant February 7, 1965 blaming president Johnson and communism for putting him out of business.","Reporter: Briggs, Fred, 1932-","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn51708"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Restaurants--Employees","Restaurants--Georgia--Atlanta","Discrimination in restaurants--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregation--Georgia--Atlanta","Segregationists--Georgia--Atlanta","Government, Resistance to--Georgia--Atlanta","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Atlanta","Interviews--Georgia--Atlanta","African American lawyers--Georgia--Atlanta","Lawyers--Georgia--Atlanta","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Men, White--Georgia--Atlanta"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of a news report about continued segregation at the Lester Maddox Cafeteria, with comments by segregationist Lester Maddox and African American civil rights lawyer Donald Hollowell, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn51708"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn51708"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn51708, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of a news report about continued segregation at the Lester Maddox Cafeteria, with comments by segregationist Lester Maddox and African American civil rights lawyer Donald Hollowell, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1390, 31:28/34:01, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 2 mins., 33 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm.","1 clip (b-roll): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003","Hollowell, Donald L., 1917-2004","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Briggs, Fred, 1932-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn59177","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. returning to Atlanta after receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Atlanta, Georgia, 1964 December 19, and 1965 January 7","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1964-12-19"],"dcterms_description":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. returning to Atlanta after receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Atlanta, Georgia, 1964 December 19, and 1965 January 7.\u003cp\u003eThe first 5 clips are silent. The opening clip shows African American women and children, probably inside the airport terminal, holding a series of signs that compose the message \"Happy Landing Nobel Peace Prize Winner\". Behind them a man and a woman are holding a sign reading in part \"We are proud of Ambassador\" [the whole sign is not visible]. The next clip is a close-up of the \"Happy Landing\" sign. The next clip is probably outside the airport; a close-up of Dr. King speaking before microphones. There is an unidentified white man (reporter?) next to him. These three clips are probably from his return to Atlanta on Dec. 19, 1964, following his meeting on December 18, 1964 with President Lyndon Johnson in Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe next three clips are probably from the convocation held for Dr. King at the S.H. Archer Gymnasium of the Atlanta University Center, January 7, 1965. The two silent clips show an auditorium full of standing people, mostly African Americans, who are applauding. The sound begins in the clip with Dr. King at a podium. He discusses persecution for standing up to evil. This may come as lies or jail time, among other forms of persecution. He mentions Medgar Evers just before the clip ends. There is a brief black slug, then the clip ends with people walking toward the camera.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDr. King returned from Oslo to New York on December 16, 1964. He then met with President Johnson on December 18, 1964 in Washington DC before returning to Atlanta on December 19, 1964.\u003c/p\u003e","Supporting information was taken from the following sources: Herbert, Dick. \"Rev. King Returns with Nobel After Meeting with President.\" \u003ci\u003eThe Atlanta Constitution\u003c/i\u003e, 19 Dec. 1964: 3. Web 9 Jan. 2015. \"Center to Honor King Tomorrow.\" \u003ci\u003eThe Atlanta Constitution\u003c/i\u003e, 6 Jan. 1965: 9. Web 9 Jan. 2015.","Cue sheet includes: \"F.M. #19.598\" and has date as 23 March 1970. It is unclear why the broadcast date does not correspond to the dates of the original footage.","Title supplied by cataloger.","Clip number: wsbn59177"],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Nobel Prize winners--United States","African Americans--Georgia--Atlanta","Airports--Georgia--Atlanta","Airport terminals--Georgia--Atlanta","Atlanta University Center (Ga.)","Evers, Medgar Wiley, 1925-1963"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. returning to Atlanta after receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Atlanta, Georgia, 1964 December 19, and 1965 January 7"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn59177"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn59177"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn59177, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. returning to Atlanta after receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Atlanta, Georgia, 1964 December 19, and 1965 January 7, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1627, 9:33/10:27, Walter J. 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