{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48497","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an unidentified white man speaking of the possibility of federal voting registrars in Americus, Georgia, 1965 August","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Sumter County, Americus, 32.07239, -84.23269"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-08-00"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from August 1965, an unidentified white man addresses the possibility of federal voter registrars in Americus, Georgia.  The man explains that since the voting-related racial protests in Americus stemmed from the use of segregated voting lines in a polling place, federal voting registrars, who primarily assist in facilitating voting registration, will not be sent into the town.  During a county-held special election for Justice of the Peace in Sumter County, Georgia, on July 20, 1965, four African American women, including the first female African American candidate in the county, were arrested for standing in the \"white\" line at a polling station.  On July 31, federal judge W. A. Bootle ordered the cessation of racially segregated elections as well as the release of the four women.  After the 1965 Voting Rights Act was passed, 1,700 African American residents of the county registered to vote within a few days time, nearly doubling the previous total of registered African Americans.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn48497"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Voting--Georgia--Americus","Voter registration--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Suffrage--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Americus","Segregation--Georgia--Americus","Federal-city relations--Georgia--Americus","Americus (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an unidentified white man speaking of the possibility of federal voting registrars in Americus, Georgia, 1965 August"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48497"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48497"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-08-00"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn48497, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of an unidentified white man speaking of the possibility of federal voting registrars in Americus, Georgia, 1965 August, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1306, 24:32/25:07, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 35 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48504","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of mayor T. Griffin Walker addressing the demands of the Sumter County Movement in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 31","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Walker, T. Griffin (Thomas Griffin), 1910-1994"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Sumter County, Americus, 32.07239, -84.23269"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07-31"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from July 31, 1965, T. Griffin Walker, mayor of Americus, Georgia, addresses the demands of the Sumter County Movement and urges an end to demonstrations and other protests at a press conference.  The clip begins with Mayor Walker reviewing the United States District Court ruling issued the previous day, which orders the end of segregated elections and the release of four prisoners arrested for attempting to integrate a Sumter County election.  Walker hopes the Movement will be satisfied with the court's actions, as they are not under the city's jurisdiction; he urges Movement members to halt demonstrations and suggests that the group take its other demands, including the hiring of African American voting registrars, to the courts.  He explains that he and the city council met with three local African American leaders on Monday, July 26, but that the issues discussed at the meeting could not be resolved. He claims that he and the council will continue to consider issues brought to their attention; however, he suggests that the creation of a biracial committee, another demand of the Sumter County Movement, would remain ineffective as long as emotions run so high. Instead, he recommends ceasing demonstrations in order to encourage a cooling-off period; he emphasizes again that demonstrations do nothing \"but to create additional strife and problems.\"  Blaming outsiders for the current problems, Walker reaffirms that the city council will work directly with local citizens, both African American and white, to resolve \"legitimate problems.\"  Outside civil rights workers, including Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) members who first came to Americus early in 1963, helped organize the Sumter County Movement.  Demonstrations were held sporadically from 1963 until 1965; on July 20 1965, police arrested four women for attempting to integrate voting lines in a county-held special election.  Mary Kate Bell, one of the women arrested, was the first female African American candidate in Sumter County.  The Sumter County Movement began three-times-a-day demonstrations in response to the arrests and agreed to end demonstrations on August 13.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn48504"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Mayors--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Americus","Press conferences--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Suffrage--Georgia--Americus","Local elections--Georgia--Americus","Women political candidates--Georgia--Americus","Negotiation--Georgia--Americus","Contested elections--Georgia--Americus","Voting registrars--Georgia--Americus","Discrimination in employment--Georgia--Americus","Election officials--Georgia--Americus","Direct action--Georgia--Americus","Americus (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century","Americus (Ga.)--Politics and government"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of mayor T. Griffin Walker addressing the demands of the Sumter County Movement in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 31"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48504"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48504"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-07-31"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn48504, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of mayor T. Griffin Walker addressing the demands of the Sumter County Movement in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 31, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1306, 4:56/07:49, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 2 mins., 53 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Walker, T. Griffin (Thomas Griffin), 1910-1994"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48502","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of African Americans demonstrating against segregation in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 30","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Sumter County, Americus, 32.07239, -84.23269"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07-30"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of silent WSB-TV newsfilm clips from July 30, 1965, African Americans demonstrate against segregation in Americus, Georgia.  The clip begins with a night march of mostly African Americans, led by Reverend Joseph R. Campbell, head of the Sumter County Movement, and other men in white shirts.  Law enforcement officers walk beside the marchers, who sing and clap as they walk.  A man speaks to the crowd, which consists of several white and African American demonstrators.  Children and teenagers are seen among the crowd, including one young boy playing with a helmet while sitting on the ground.  After a break in the clip, protesters also march during a daytime demonstration, following a police car as they walk.  The demonstrators march from Friendship Baptist Church on Cotton Avenue to the Sumter County Courthouse.  Signs in the crowd have the slogans, \"Help us end this evil system,\" \"One man, one vote,\" and \"I don't want to keep my money but you are keeping my rights.\"  Law enforcement officers again protect the marchers.  The demonstrators also kneel and appear to pray near the Sumter County Courthouse.  Earlier in the day, the four women arrested July 20 for standing in a \"white\" line at a Sumter County election were released from jail by federal judge W. A. Bootle; after being released, the women immediately joined a protest march at the Sumter County Courthouse.  After sporadic civil rights demonstrations from 1963 through 1965, the Sumter County Movement intensified protests after the July 20 arrest of four African American women for standing in a \"white\" line at a Sumter County election.  Three-times-daily protests continued from July 21 through August 13, when the movement agreed to end demonstrations to ease tensions in the city with the hope of later forming a biracial committee to discuss African American demands.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn48502"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Americus","Protest marches--Georgia--Americus","Police--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Songs and music","Picketing--Georgia--Americus","Prayer--Georgia--Americus","Public worship--Georgia--Americus","Singing--Georgia--Americus","Segregation--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Americus","Suffrage--Georgia--Americus","Americus (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of African Americans demonstrating against segregation in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 30"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48502"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48502"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-07-30"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn48502, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of African Americans demonstrating against segregation in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 30, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1306, 14:36/20:30, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 5 mins., 54 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Campbell, J. R. (Joseph R.), 1924-2006"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42203","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of African Americans demonstrating against segregation and reporter Tom Brokaw interviewing mayor T. Griffin Walker in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 29","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Brokaw, Tom","Walker, T. Griffin (Thomas Griffin), 1910-1994","Bolden, Willie, 1938-"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Sumter County, Americus, 32.07239, -84.23269"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07-29"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips from Americus, Georgia, on July 29, 1965, African Americans demonstrate against segregation and reporter Tom Brokaw interviews city mayor T. Griffin Walker about demonstrations and race relations in Americus.  The clip begins with law enforcement officers and cameramen watching African American demonstrators as they march.  The demonstrators then stand in a circle in front of the Sumter County Courthouse, where they clap and sing, \"Keep Your Eyes on the Prize.\"  Willie Bolden, a Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) member working in Americus, addresses the gathering on the local, regional and global manifestations of racial conflict.  \"All you have to do,\" he says, \"is go into a community and you will find problems when it comes to black-white relationships.\"  Bolden asks the audience and the mayor to engage Americus directly as it remains a source for these problems.  After a break in the clip, Mayor Walker responds vaguely to Tom Brokaw's question about plans for a conference with civil rights leaders; he clarifies that any discussions conducted with African Americans will take place with local leaders.  When asked about reactions to a white demonstration held at the fairgrounds the previous evening, he conveyed appreciation that the meeting emphasized adherence to the law.  Walker explains to Brokaw that some of the African American community demands, such as integrated voting, are county issues over which he has no control as mayor.  He dismisses the activist strategy of boycotting white merchants, and announces that the city council will meet as necessary to address concerns.  Civil rights demonstrations in Americus took place periodically beginning in the summer of 1963, and lasting through the summer of 1965.  On July 20, 1965, four African American women were arrested for attempting to integrate a county-held special election, where the first African American woman candidate in Sumter County was included on the ballot; the arrest revived demonstrations. On July 30, the women were released on order of federal judge W. A. Bootle, and on August 13, demonstrations were halted by the Sumter County Movement, the local civil rights organization.","Reporter: Brokaw, Tom","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn42203"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Americus","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Americus","Interviews--Georgia--Americus","Mayors--Georgia--Americus","Police--Georgia--Americus","Camera operators--Georgia--Americus","Protest marches--Georgia--Americus","Keep your eyes on the prize (Song)","Negotiation--Georgia--Americus","Boycotts--Georgia--Americus","Segregation--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Songs and music","Demonstrations--Georgia--Americus","Singing--Georgia--Americus","Direct action--Georgia--Americus","City councils--Georgia--Americus","Americus (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of African Americans demonstrating against segregation and reporter Tom Brokaw interviewing mayor T. Griffin Walker in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 29"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42203"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42203"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-07-29"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn42203, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of African Americans demonstrating against segregation and reporter Tom Brokaw interviewing mayor T. Griffin Walker in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 29, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0919, 17:43/20:37, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 2 mins., 54 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Walker, T. Griffin (Thomas Griffin), 1910-1994--Interviews","Bolden, Willie, 1938-","Brokaw, Tom"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48501","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Lester Maddox promoting states' rights and segregation as he speaks to a white audience in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 29","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Sumter County, Americus, 32.07239, -84.23269"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07-29"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips from July 29, 1965, Georgia segregationist and gubernatorial candidate Lester Maddox speaks to a white crowd in Americus, Georgia.  The clip begins with an African American man, possibly incarcerated, being led by a white man.  Two African Americans, Eddie James Lamar and Charlie Lee Hopkins, were arrested following the July 28 shooting death of 21-year-old white Americus resident Andrew Whatley.  Following a break in the clip, unidentified buildings appear, as do Georgia patrol cars and state troopers. Next, Maddox speaks to a crowd gathered in an Americus recreation facility.  He explains that he is in Americus on a \"mission of peace.\"  He calls for the restoration of states' rights, exclaiming, \"We are going to get them like George Wallace in the White House and save this great land!\"  Maddox urges the crowd to make their feelings known \"at the voting booths and with your dollar.\"  Maddox, who says, \"I belong here in Georgia,\" challenges those who criticize his presence in Americus as an \"outsider\" and condemns them for not being equally critical of the nonresident African Americans who have come to support the civil rights movement in Americus.  Maddox also disparages the media for what he sees as inconsistency; he expresses appreciation for media presence at the rally and for fairness and kindness in the past, but then faults them for calling his wife while she is recuperating in the hospital.  \"I'm proud to be called a segregationist,\" he says, \"but I challenge the news media to call 'Light bulb' Johnson, or [Atlanta mayor] Ivan Allen, or 'No not one' Vandiver an integrationist.  That's what they are, every one of them.\"  Maddox here refers to President Lyndon Johnson and Georgia governor Ernest Vandiver.  He blames President Johnson, editor and publisher of the Atlanta Constitution Ralph McGill, and \"the communists\" for conspiring \"to bring about this great tragedy that has taken place in Americus, Georgia.\"  Racial tensions in Americus, which had been building since the July 20 arrest of four African American women for standing in a \"white\" line during an election, boiled over on July 28.  On July 28, Andrew Whatley, a 21-year-old white marine recruit was shot to death from a passing car occupied by two African American men.  Whatley had been standing near a crowd of whites, some of whom were throwing rocks at black drivers as they passed.  Maddox also denounces \"cowardly\" businessmen for valuing business more than standing up for their beliefs.  Maddox closed his Atlanta restaurant chain the Pickrick rather than desegregate.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn48501"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American men--Georgia--Americus","Central business districts--Georgia--Americus","Communism--Georgia--Americus","Police--Georgia--Americus","Police vehicles--Georgia","Segregation--Georgia--Americus","Voting--Georgia--Americus","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Americus","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","Subversive activities--Georgia--Americus","Governors--Georgia--Election, 1965","Political campaigns--Georgia","Demonstrations--Georgia--Americus","Americus (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century","Georgia--Politics and government--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Lester Maddox promoting states' rights and segregation as he speaks to a white audience in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 29"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48501"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48501"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-07-29"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn48501, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Lester Maddox promoting states' rights and segregation as he speaks to a white audience in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 29, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1306, 7:51/14:34, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 6 mins., 43 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003","Whatley, Andrew A., 1941-1965--Death and burial","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","McGill, Ralph, 1898-1969","Vandiver, S. Ernest (Samuel Ernest), 1918-2005","Allen, Ivan, 1911-2003"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn41882","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Lester Maddox speaking to a white audience, African Americans protest segregation, and newsman Tom Brokaw interviews mayor T. Griffin Walker in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 29","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Brokaw, Tom","Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003","Walker, T. Griffin (Thomas Griffin), 1910-1994","Bolden, Willie, 1938-"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Dougherty County, Albany, 31.57851, -84.15574","United States, Georgia, Sumter County, Americus, 32.07239, -84.23269"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07-29"],"dcterms_description":["In this compilation WSB newsfilm clips from Americus, Georgia, on July 29, 1965, segregationist gubernatorial candidate Lester Maddox speaks to a white audience; WSB newsman Tom Brokaw interviews Americus mayor T. Griffin Walker; and African Americans protest segregation.  The clip begins with Georgia State Highway patrolmen in raincoats standing under a tree and watching a group of students, primarily African American, as they demonstrate by singing and dancing in the rain.  Next, African Americans lead a white student wearing a blood-stained shirt from a building as he holds a rag to his mouth (possibly Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) member Ralph Allen). As he gets in a car driven by an African American student, a large tear in his shirt becomes visible.  After a break in the clip, a white crowd gathered in a recreation facility listens to Atlanta-based segregationist and gubernatorial candidate Lester Maddox.  Maddox outlines his priorities, which include private property rights, states' rights in constitutional government, and \"to run the 'renegades' out of high places in the state of Georgia and in the nation's capital.\"  Next, state troopers stand around patrol cars in a parking lot, after which Mayor Walker answers reporter Tom Brokaw's question about a possible curfew.  Although Walker explains that the city council does not feel the current racial situation requires a curfew, he does ask all citizens to refrain from congregating in groups, and to avoid the streets at night.  Following the exchange between Walker and Brokaw, African Americans march two-by-two, as they carry picket signs with the following slogans:  \"I don't want to keep my money but you are keeping my rights;\" \"Help us to destroy the walls of segregation;\" \"Until Negroes are free, let's not buy in Americus;\" and \"We have an illegal justice of the peace.\"  The last sign refers to a disagreement over a special election for Justice of the Peace held July 20 in which four African American women, including Mary Kate Bell, a candidate for the office, were arrested for standing in the \"white\" line.  Four white women and a white man stand near the Sumter County Courthouse and watch the demonstrators; troopers also watch the protesters as they march down the street.  The protesters gather around a car and listen to Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) worker Willie Bolden, as he expresses sympathy for Andrew Whatley, a twenty-one-year-old white Americus native who was killed on July 28 by a shot from a car driven by African Americans.  Bolden also expresses concern about the continuing violence and racial tension in Americus; he informs his audience and the city council of scheduled demonstrations later in the day at 6 pm and at 10 pm, the latter of which will last all night.  Next, Mary Kate Bell, Gloria Wise, Lena Turner, and Mamie Campbell, the women arrested for trying to integrate the election on July 20, sit in a room and appear to answer questions.  Mary Kate Bell was the first African American woman candidate in a Sumter County election.  On July 30, federal judge W. A. Bootle ordered the release of the four women and the termination of segregated elections in Sumter County.  Finally, officers watch as demonstrators in a protest march follow behind three cars.  They walk beside the marchers as they go down the street, past a Kwik-Chek store, and the Sumter County Courthouse.  The clip ends with a repeat of scenes from a mass meeting held at Shiloh Baptist Church in Albany, Georgia, where members of the crowd clap their hands and chant \"Freedom!\" [clip 41649]","Reporter: Brokaw, Tom","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn41882"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Segregation--Georgia--Americus","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Americus","Interviews--Georgia--Americus","Mayors--Georgia--Americus","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Suffrage--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights workers--Violence against--Georgia--Americus","Police, State--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Songs and music","Police vehicles--Georgia--Americus","Curfews--Georgia--Americus","Protest marches--Georgia--Americus","Police--Georgia--Americus","Women political candidates--Georgia--Americus","Rain and rainfall--Georgia--Americus","States' rights (American politics)","African American women--Suffrage--Georgia--Americus","Suffrage--Georgia--Americus","Boycotts--Georgia--Americus","African American women political activists--Georgia--Americus","Arrest--Georgia--Americus","Violence--Georgia--Americus","Elections--Georgia","Imprisonment--Georgia--Americus","Singing--Georgia--Americus","Picketing--Georgia--Americus","Signs and signboards--Georgia--Americus","Political candidates--Georgia--Americus","Right of property--Georgia","Local elections--Georgia--Americus","City councils--Georgia--Americus","Direct action--Georgia--Americus","Contested elections--Georgia--Americus","Justices of the peace--Georgia--Americus--Election--1965","Governors--Georgia--Election--1966","Americus (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century","Albany (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Lester Maddox speaking to a white audience, African Americans protest segregation, and newsman Tom Brokaw interviews mayor T. Griffin Walker in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 29"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn41882"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn41882"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-07-29"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn41882, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Lester Maddox speaking to a white audience, African Americans protest segregation, and newsman Tom Brokaw interviews mayor T. Griffin Walker in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 29, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0908, 00:57/07:21, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 6 mins., 24 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003","Walker, T. Griffin (Thomas Griffin), 1910-1994--Interviews","Allen, Ralph W., 1941-2005","Bolden, Willie, 1938-","Whatley, Andrew A., 1941-1965","Wise, Gloria--Imprisonment","Turner, Lena--Imprisonment","Campbell, Mamie--Imprisonment","Bell, Mary Kate--Imprisonment","Brokaw, Tom"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42982","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of African Americans protesting for the release of arrested women in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 28","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Sumter County, Americus, 32.07239, -84.23269"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07-28"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of silent WSB newsfilm clips from Americus, Georgia, on July 28, 1965, an organized group of mostly African Americans protest day and night for the release of four African American women (Mary Kate Bell, Gloria Wise, Lena Turner, Mamie Campbell) who were arrested for standing in the \"white\" line during an election on July 20. The clip begins with a night demonstration where Georgia state highway patrolmen walk beside the marchers, one of whom has her hair in curlers. The march stops at the Sumter County courthouse, where some of the demonstrators, carrying umbrellas and other rain gear, sit on blankets spread along the sidewalk. Law enforcement officers watch the demonstration; they are equipped with helmets and rifles with bayonets. The demonstrators sing, clap their hands, and listen to Reverend Joseph Campbell, leader of the Sumter County Movement, and Reverend Hosea Williams from the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). Next, during a day march, demonstrators follow a police car, protected by nearby law-enforcement officers. John Lewis, another SCLC minister, speaks to the listening crowd. Protesters carry signs with slogans including, \"Charges dropped and election void,\" \"Break the segregation by voter registration,\" and \"Open registration with a Negro registrar or clerk and additional hours.\" On July 20, four African American women were arrested at a county-held special election for Justice of the Peace; one of the women arrested was Mary Kate Bell, the first African American political candidate in Sumter County. After the women's arrest, the Sumter County Movement organized three demonstrations daily to protest the arrest of the women and the mishandling of the election, and to draw attention to race relations in Americus. Finally, during another night march, police trail demonstrators, including John Lewis and Hosea Williams, as they gather at Sumter County Courthouse. The protesters again spread blankets on the sidewalk before singing, clapping, and listening to speakers. After ten days of increasing racial tensions and demonstrations, federal judge W. A. Bootle ordered that the incarcerated women be released and that segregated elections end in Sumter County on July 30. African Americans agreed to halt demonstrations in Americus on August 13.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn42982"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Americus","Protest marches--Georgia--Americus","Police, State--Georgia--Americus","Police vehicles--Georgia--Americus","Clergy--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Songs and music","Police--Georgia--Americus","Segregation--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Suffrage--Georgia--Americus","African American women--Georgia--Americus","Arrest--Georgia--Americus","Imprisonment--Georgia--Americus","Suffrage--Georgia--Americus","Local elections--Georgia--Americus","Singing--Georgia--Americus","Signs and signboards--Georgia--Americus","Police--Uniforms","Police--Equipment and supplies","Helmets--Georgia--Americus","Rifles--Georgia--Americus","Americus (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of African Americans protesting for the release of arrested women in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 28"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42982"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42982"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-07-28"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn42982, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of African Americans protesting for the release of arrested women in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 28, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0959, 30:09/45:32, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 15 mins., 23 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Bell, Mary Kate--Imprisonment","Wise, Gloria--Imprisonment","Turner, Lena--Imprisonment","Campbell, Mamie--Imprisonment","Campbell, J. R. (Joseph R.), 1924-2006","Williams, Hosea, 1926-2000","Lewis, John, 1940-2020"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48397","title":"WSB-TV newsfilm clip of press conference with Reverend Hosea Williams of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Reverend J. R. Campbell of the Sumter County Movement speaking about civil rights demonstrations in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 26","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Williams, Hosea, 1926-2000","Campbell, J. R. (Joseph R.), 1924-2006"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Sumter County, Americus, 32.07239, -84.23269"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07-26"],"dcterms_description":["In this WSB newsfilm clip from July 26, 1965, Reverend Hosea Williams of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and Reverend J. R. Campbell, leader of the Sumter County Movement, speak to reporters about racial and voter registration conflicts in Americus, Sumter County, Georgia.  The clip begins with Williams sitting beside John Lewis, also a member of SCLC.  Behind the men is a sign for SCOPE, the Summer Community Organization and Political Education Project, a 1965 SCLC effort directed by Hosea Williams.  Williams explains that civil rights workers seek to expand Atlanta's image of \"a city too busy to hate\" to all of Georgia.  He announces that the citizens of Sumter County, represented by Reverend J. R. Campbell and the Sumter County Movement, are uniting with SCLC and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) to intensify their efforts to fight voter intimidation in south and southwest Georgia.  The united effort will intensify ongoing demonstrations, beginning with a mass meeting Tuesday, July 27, followed by a round-the-clock vigil at the Sumter County Courthouse.  Williams declares that civil rights workers will do what is necessary to bring about justice in the area, although there have been beatings, harassment, and rumors of law enforcement officers intentionally failing to protect demonstrators who become victims of violence.  He mentions sending North Carolina SCLC field secretary Golden Frinks as an emissary of SCOPE. Williams adds that if the situation continues to worsen, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., head of the SCLC, will come to Americus.  He outlines the civil rights demands for Americus, including: increased access to voter registration; release of Mary Fishe Bell and her compatriots; law enforcement protection for all citizens; and the establishment of a biracial committee with African American members selected by the black community.  Additionally, Williams demands a resolution to conflict over the recent Sumter County elections. On July 20, Sumter County held a special election for Justice of the Peace in which Mary Fishe Bell, a 24-year-old Spelman graduate, was the first African American woman to run for public office in the county.  During the election, Ms. Bell and three other African American women were arrested for trying to integrate the \"white\" voting line. Williams proposes that this be done by voiding the results, rescheduling the election, and releasing those arrested; he promises that the demonstrations will halt when the demands outlined are met. The four women were held on $1000 bond from July 20 until July 30 when federal judge W. A. Bootle ordered their release, and declared the segregated elections illegal.  Finally, Reverend J. R. Campbell, president of the Sumter County Movement, answers a reporter's questions about impediments to voter registration.  Campbell explains that African Americans wishing to register to vote are hampered by the unpredictable hours of the registrar's office and as well as the literacy tests.  They also must overcome harassment and fear of the sheriff, the courthouse, the polls, the power structure, and brutality and lack of protection.  After President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the 1965 Voting Rights Act on August 6, 1965, seventeen-hundred African Americans in Sumter County registered to vote within a two-week period, almost doubling the number of registered black voters.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn48397"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","Press conferences--Georgia--Americus","Race relations","African Americans--Suffrage--Georgia--Americus","Mass meetings--Georgia--Americus","Police--Complaints against--Georgia--Americus","Committees--Georgia--Americus","Voter registration--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Americus","Arrest--Georgia--Americus","Imprisonment--Georgia--Americus","Contested elections--Georgia--Americus","Local elections--Georgia--Americus","Women political candidates--Georgia--Americus","Political candidates--Georgia--Americus","Equality before the law--United States","Negotiation--Georgia--Americus","Reporters and reporting--Georgia--Americus","Segregation--Georgia--Americus","Voting--Georgia--Americus","Americus (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["WSB-TV newsfilm clip of press conference with Reverend Hosea Williams of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Reverend J. R. Campbell of the Sumter County Movement speaking about civil rights demonstrations in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 26"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48397"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48397"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-07-26"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn48397, WSB-TV newsfilm clip of press conference with Reverend Hosea Williams of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Reverend J. R. Campbell of the Sumter County Movement speaking about civil rights demonstrations in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July 26, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1302, 43:17/51:04, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 7 mins., 47 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Williams, Hosea, 1926-2000","Campbell, J. R. (Joseph R.), 1924-2006","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Bell, Mary Kate"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48375","title":"Blacks Picket in Crawfordville","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Taliaferro County, Crawfordville, 33.55402, -82.89598"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07-15"],"dcterms_description":["Blacks Picket in Crawfordville","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn48375"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["Demonstrations and Riots","Blacks","Discrimination","Hotels","Whites"],"dcterms_title":["Blacks Picket in Crawfordville"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48375"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48375"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-07-15"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn48375, Blacks Picket in Crawfordville, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 1301, 45:38/48:59, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 3 mins., 21 secs.): black-and-white, silent ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42286","title":"Abernathy on white politicians, voting requirements for blacks and communist in N.A.A.C.P.","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, 32.75042, -83.50018"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07-01"],"dcterms_description":["Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection"],"dcterms_subject":["Communism","African Americans--Suffrage","Discrimination","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"dcterms_title":["Abernathy on white politicians, voting requirements for blacks and communist in N.A.A.C.P."],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42286"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn42286"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn42286, (No title), WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0925, 42:05/53:34, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Ga"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 11 min.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn38840","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of the state of community race relations including civil rights demonstrations, a funeral procession, and interviews in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["Walker, T. Griffin (Thomas Griffin), 1910-1994","Bolden, Willie, 1938-","Brokaw, Tom","Whatley, Lyda M., 1911-2001"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Sumter County, Americus, 32.07239, -84.23269"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-07"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of WSB newsfilm clips from July 1965, African Americans demonstrate for equal rights and members of the white community attend the funeral for Andrew Whatley, a white youth killed during racial unrest earlier in the week.","The clip begins with a silent portion in which a funeral procession drives down a wet street, a black hearse among the line of cars. Next the camera shows scenes from a civil rights demonstration at a grocery store, possibly a Kwik-Chek in Americus. First, demonstrators push grocery carts through the isles of the store. After this demonstrators walk outside a building led by three African American girls; the demonstrators appear to be singing. Next an interracial group is seen outside of a Kwik-Chek in Americus. A white man stands in front of doors facing a crowd of African Americans. There is some scuffling before state troopers step in and separate the white and African Americans in the group. An African American is seen carrying another man over his shoulder as he walks away from the group.","Later the clip returns to the funeral for Andrew Whatley, a white young man who was shot during racial unrest earlier in the week. White pallbearers carry a casket out of First Baptist Church. Two men walk away from the church with a woman dressed in black between them. Other mourners follow the three out of the church and the hearse drives past the building. Several white policemen in shirtsleeves stand near a car and put their hats on as they walk away. A man is seen lying in the backseat of a car. A police car drives away with several officers inside it.","Next, images of the demonstration inside the store are repeated, interspersed with images of a Colonial Store. The steeple of the First Baptist church is seen through some trees as cars drive past the church; images of the funeral seen earlier are also repeated. Outside the church, a sign advertises the First Baptist church. After this the camera shows scenes from the downtown area of Americus including the Sumter County Courthouse and the state patrol building. Outside the state patrol building is a sign indicating that it is post number ten. Later men are seen outside of the Wiggins Sing Station. The Wiggins Sing Station, on the corner of Lamar and Hampton Streets, was where Andrew Whatley was standing when he was shot and killed.","The sound portion of the clip begins with an interview between reporter Tom Brokaw and Lyda Whatley, the mother of the young man killed during the racial unrest earlier in the week. Mrs. Whatley indicates that her son worked two jobs and sometimes would go out to eat before coming home after work. Whatley reports that her son worked during the day at the Manhattan Shirt Company and in the evenings at the drive-in in town. According to Whatley, she has lived in Americus for thirty-two years and her son was born and raised in the community. The camera briefly focuses on a Georgia State Patrol car before returning to the interview with Brokaw and Mrs. Whatley. Mrs. Whatley explains that her son had been inducted into the Marine Corps the week before and was scheduled to report in November. Brokaw then ends the interview, thanking Mrs. Whatley for her time and expressing his sympathy at her loss. Following a break in the clip Brokaw interviews Americus mayor T. Griffith Walker who implies the demonstrations were uncalled for and asserts \"the question which is at issue is really for the courts.\" Walker also reports that the city police and state troopers are providing protection for the demonstrators.","Next, an African American civil rights leader, possibly Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) worker Willie Bolden, speaks to a gathering of African Americans as state troopers stand behind the crowd. Bolden rejects the idea that demonstrations caused the violence in the community. As he speaks, the camera shows the listening audience. After more images of demonstrators and state troopers, as well as demonstrators singing \"Keep your eyes on the Prize,\" Bolden again speaks to the audience. He expresses regret at the death of Andrew Whatley and reminds his listeners that following the news of Whatley's death, the civil rights movement stopped demonstrating for twenty-four hours. However, Bolden expresses regret that neither the halt in demonstrations nor the death of Whatley has brought any changes in the community. He asserts the demonstrators' desire to be free He also criticizes mayor Walker for taking a personal vacation during the demonstration. Bolden then relates a conversation he had with SCLC leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. in which he told King to prepare to come to Americus because \"unless we can solve the problems of this city today, somebody will die very soon.\" Bolden speaks about asking friends from around the country to \"remove this ill from this society.\" Later another civil rights worker speaks, relating the counsel from Governor Carl Sanders that the civil rights workers should solve their problems through the courts instead of demonstrations. The speaker disagrees with this advice and suggest that \"there are also some things that you don't need to work through the courts.\"","After this is another silent portion where men from the Georgia State Patrol stand together in a wooded area and receive instruction from a uniformed officer, drive in patrol cars, and lead an African American man through a doorway. Later Atlanta businessman and segregationist Lester Maddox speaks to a white crowd in a gymnasium. The audience listen and applauds Maddox's speech and is later seen standing outside in the dark. Following a break in the clip the camera focuses on a building with a sign over the doorway announcing the \"Freedom Center.\" An African American boy sits on the bed of a truck; the truck bed is filled with melons. African American demonstrators participate in a daytime march. One of the signs carried by the demonstrators has the slogan \"I don't want to keep my money but you are keeping my rights.\" African Americans sitting on a porch watch the demonstrators. The protesters walk past a state patrol car, through the downtown area, and near the Sumter County Courthouse. At one point the demonstrators stand in a circle and clap their hands and appear to sign. The clip ends with patrolmen and white citizens observing the demonstration.","On July 20, four African American women were arrested for standing in the whites-only line during a county-held special election for Justice of the Peace in Sumter County, Georgia. One of the women arrested was Mary Fishe Bell, the first African American political candidate in Sumter County. After the women's arrest, the Sumter County Movement, the local civil rights organization, held demonstrations three times a day to draw attention to race relations in Americus and to protest the arrest and the mishandling of the election. On July 28, Andrew Whatley, a 21-year-old white Marine recruit was shot to death from a passing car occupied by two African American men. Whatley had been standing with a crowd of whites at Wiggins Sing Station; some of the crowd were throwing rocks at black drivers as they passed.  Whatley's funeral was held on July 31 at First Baptist Church in Americus. After ten days of increasing racial tensions and demonstrations, federal judge W. A. Bootle ordered that the incarcerated women be released and that segregated elections end in Sumter County. African Americans agreed to halt demonstrations in Americus on August 13, 1965.","Title supplied by cataloger."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn38840"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights movements--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights demonstrations--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Americus","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Americus","Civil rights--Georgia--Americus","Funeral rites and ceremonies--Georgia--Americus","Reporters and reporing--Georgia--Americus","Mayors--Georgia--Americus","Governors--Georgia","Police, State--Georgia","Segregation--Georgia--Americus","Interviews--Georgia--Americus","Police vehicles--Georgia--Americus","Protest marches--Georgia--Americus","Rain and rainfall--Georgia--Americus","Boycotts--Georgia--Americus","Race relations","Picketing--Georgia--Americus","Signs and signboards--Georgia--Americus","Direct action--Georgia--Americus","Hearses (Vehicles)--Georgia--Americus","Coffins--Georgia--Americus","Americus (Ga.)--Race relations--History--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of the state of community race relations including civil rights demonstrations, a funeral procession, and interviews in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection"],"edm_is_shown_by":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn38840"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://crdl.usg.edu/id:ugabma_wsbn_wsbn38840"],"dcterms_temporal":["1965-07"],"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":["Cite as: wsbn38840, Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of the state of community race relations including civil rights demonstrations, a funeral procession, and interviews in Americus, Georgia, 1965 July, WSB-TV newsfilm collection, reel 0148, 00:00/27:45, Walter J. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, The University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia"],"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["moving images","news","unedited footage"],"dcterms_extent":["1 clip (about 27 mins., 45 secs.): black-and-white, sound ; 16 mm."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Maddox, Lester, 1915-2003","Walker, T. Griffin (Thomas Griffin), 1910-1994","Bolden, Willie, 1938-","Whatley, Andrew A., 1941-1965","Brokaw, Tom","Whatley, Lyda M., 1911-2001","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"ugabma_wsbn_wsbn48203","title":"Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking about the Summer Community Organization and Political Education (SCOPE) project, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 June","collection_id":"ugabma_wsbn","collection_title":"WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection","dcterms_contributor":["King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, 33.79025, -84.46702","United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":["WSB-TV (Television station : Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dc_date":["1965-06-00"],"dcterms_description":["In this series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips from June 1965, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaks to an audience about the Southern Christian Leadership Conference's (SCLC) Summer Community Organization and Political Education (SCOPE) project. The clip's audio and video is inconsistent; comments and visuals may not be completely recorded. Dr. King emphasizes the connection between political and economic power and indicates the significance of SCOPE's plans to assist African Americans with voter registration.","Following a break in the clip, there is audio of King commenting on his experience traveling in Africa, but the visual is missing. An unidentified man leads the audience in singing \"We shall not be moved\" while King sits on the dais. King cites SCOPE's potential influence by pointing out the number of African Americans elected to serve in the 1966 Georgia General Assembly--two State Senators and at least seven members of the House of Representatives. King specifically commends Georgia State Senators Leroy Johnson and Horace T. Ward. In January, 1966 when the newly elected legislators were to begin their terms of service, one of the African Americans elected to the House of Representatives, Julian Bond, was prevented by the legislature from taking his seat for statements he made supporting a Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee statement against the Vietnam War. The Untied States Supreme Court in December 1966 ruled that the legislature's actions were unconstitutional and Bond was sworn in to office in January, 1967, serving in the House of Representatives until 1974.","King urges his audience to support the over one-thousand SCOPE volunteers coming to the South during the summer. He explains SCOPE volunteers will \"engage in community organization and political education and increase the number of Negro registered voters.\"  King asserts that with hard work, guidance, and cooperation, it will be possible to double the number of registered African American voters. He asks the audience to \"go back to your counties with a commitment and a determination where the SCOPE project is concerned\"; he also entreats the audience to accept the white volunteers as they would African American volunteers.","King provides a brief overview of the progress African Americans have made towards achieving an end to legal segregation but points out there are still economic and social barriers to overcome. Emphasizing the need to improve African American economic status, King rhetorically asks a list of questions about the benefit of legally being permitted to do something that is not economically feasible. King pledges that through voting African Americans will be able to overcome economic and social barriers.","At a Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) board meeting held in Baltimore, Maryland March 30 through April 1 leaders agreed to support the Summer Community Organization and Political Education (SCOPE) project which was headed by SCLC member Hosea Williams. Described as an expansion of the 1964 Mississippi Freedom Summer, SCOPE planned to send northern volunteers to communities in several southern states, including Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Alabama, and Florida to work with local leaders in voter registration, community organization, and political organization. Civil rights leaders, anticipating the passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act, hoped community volunteers would assist federal voting registrars to increase the number of African Americans registered to vote. SCOPE volunteers were recruited primarily from northern colleges and universities and were screened in part based on dress and appearance in an attempt to counter the \"hippy\" perceptions attributed to Mississippi Freedom Summer volunteers. Volunteers gathered for training in Atlanta the third week in June before being assigned to various southern counties for the ten-week program.","Title supplied by cataloger.","IMLS Grant, 2008.","Digibeta Center Cut (4 x 3) downconvert from HDD5 1080/23.98PsF film transfer."],"dc_format":["video/mp4"],"dcterms_identifier":["Clip number: wsbn48203"],"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Original found in the WSB-TV newsfilm collection."],"dcterms_subject":["African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Civil rights--Southern States","African Americans--Politics and government","African Americans--Suffrage--Southern States","Civil rights movements--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Southern States","Voting--Georgia--Atlanta","Voter registration--Southern States","We shall not be moved (Song)","African American legislators--Georgia","Legislators--Georgia","Social justice--United States","Poverty--United States","African Americans--Economic conditions--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Series of WSB-TV newsfilm clips of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking about the Summer Community Organization and Political Education (SCOPE) project, Atlanta, Georgia, 1965 June"],"dcterms_type":["MovingImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["Walter J. 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