{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0202","title":"Oral history interview with Edwin Caldwell, March 2, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["White, Oliver (Oliver Gordon)","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Caldwell, Edwin, 1935-"],"dc_date":["2001-03-02"],"dcterms_description":["Edwin Caldwell Jr. describes a lifetime of civil rights activism and political involvement. A natural political organizer, Caldwell helped Howard Lee become the first black mayor of Chapel Hill. Despite losing a number of his own campaigns for office, Caldwell enjoyed a growing reputation as a political force in North Carolina. This reputation earned him a seat on the Chapel Hill-Carrboro School Board and various others positions of influence. Caldwell discusses the mechanics behind some of these positions and the influence of his race on his political life.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Politics and government","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations","Church of Reconciliation (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","African American politicians--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Politics and government--20th century","Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Schools (N.C.). Board of Education"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Edwin Caldwell, March 2, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0202/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Duration: 02:59:20"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Caldwell, Edwin, 1935-","Lee, Howard, 1934-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0201","title":"Oral history interview with James Atwater, February 28, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Nardone, Jennifer","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Atwater, James, 1932-"],"dc_date":["2001-02-28"],"dcterms_description":["James Atwater discusses life in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, from the 1930s to the 1950s. Atwater grew up in Chapel Hill, as did his parents and grandparents. In this interview, he discusses how neighbors in the black community interacted in various social, religious, and academic activities. He also talks about the impact of segregation on this community and on the schools. White supremacy in Chapel Hill was easily maintained by the community's reliance on the University of North Carolina. Atwater's parents worked for UNC, as did many other black residents, so they were directly dependent on white university officials for their finances. Much of his consciousness about segregation in Chapel Hill came from comparing it to places such as Durham, Carrboro, and Philadelphia. He left Chapel Hill in the 1950s.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Segregation in education--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations--20th century","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Social life and customs--20th century","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Attitudes","Orange County Training School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Chapel Hill (N.C.)-- Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with James Atwater, February 28, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0201/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on July 11, 2007).","Interview participants: James Atwater, interviewee; Jennifer Nardone, interviewer.","Duration: 01:18:24.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-CH digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Mike Millner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Atwater, James, 1932-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0211","title":"Oral history interview with Barbara Lorie, February 26, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Froemming, Melissa","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Lorie, Barbara"],"dc_date":["2001-02-26"],"dcterms_description":["After the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Barbara Lorie became radicalized. She worked at Durham Academy for a year before Chapel Hill High principal May Marshbanks hired her as a literature teacher at the newly built integrated high school. There she employed unconventional teaching methods to eliminate racial barriers within her classroom. The Chapel Hill superintendent of schools as well as white Chapel Hill parents questioned Lorie's tactics because of the uncomfortable atmosphere they felt it created for blacks and whites. Following the resultant demotion, Lorie quit and worked for Pinecrest High School in Southern Pines. There she encountered similar racial tensions between the students, leading her to conclude that racism is endemic. She argues that racism breeds violence, and she blames television for perpetuating a dominant and violent white male culture. Lorie also contends that not only blacks but whites were psychologically damaged by segregation; she maintains that whites isolate themselves from other cultures and that blacks lose their cultural identities when not integrated into the dominant society. Lorie's social justice activism continues into her old age: she joined a predominantly black church to maintain an intimate relationship with blacks, and she identifies herself as a left-wing, environmentalist radical feminist.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Women teachers--North Carolina","Women civil rights workers--North Carolina","School integration--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African Americans--North Carolina--Social conditions","North Carolina--Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Barbara Lorie, February 26, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0211/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Nov. 10, 2008).","Interview participants: Barbara Lorie, interviewee; Melissa Froemming, interviewer.","Duration: 01:15:40.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Lorie, Barbara"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0557","title":"Oral history interview with Joanne Peerman, February 24, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Gilgor, Bob","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Peerman, Joanne"],"dc_date":["2001-02-24"],"dcterms_description":["Joanne Peerman, a member of one of the first integrated classes at Chapel Hill High School and daughter of \"bigger than life\" Coach Peerman, grew up in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and attended both segregated and integrated schools. This interview reveals some of the complex dynamics involved in civil rights protest: conflicts within families and concerns about retaliation, the influence of the media, and young people's passionate but not always focused efforts at protest. To Peerman and her fellow junior high and high school students, civil rights protest was not just about achieving certain goals, like diversifying the cheerleading team. It was also an opportunity to test their relationship with teachers and administrators, to assert themselves physically and intellectually, and to simply have fun. This interview also offers a portrait of one of Lincoln High School's iconic figures, Coach Peerman.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations","School integration--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Segregation in education--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Civil rights demonstrations--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African American students--Education--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African American students--Civil rights--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Joanne Peerman, February 24, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0557/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Duration: 01:33:45"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Peerman, Joanne"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0216","title":"Oral history interview with Charlene Regester, February 23, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Upton, Susan","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Regester, Charlene B., 1956-"],"dc_date":["2001-02-23"],"dcterms_description":["Charlene Regester recounts her educational experience in Chapel Hill public schools during the early integration efforts. Her parents ardently advocated for integrated schools as a means to improve blacks' access to resources. They petitioned to transfer Regester into all-white Estes Hills Elementary School; she remained in integrated schools throughout her secondary school career. Though they did endorse school integration, Regester's parents still attempted to protect her from the dangers of white racism by encouraging her not to patronize racist white businesses. Regester continued to heed their warnings even after the demise of Jim Crow facilities. Regester contends that integration cost blacks their identities and burdened them with a sense of inferiority. Her frustration with integration at her school led her to take part in the black student movement. She argues that most white students and teachers ostracized black students solely because of race, and she blames white teachers for establishing low standards for black students, which she says they then internalized. Regester also points to a racial and class divide within the Chapel Hill community: while the children of University of North Carolina professors had vast resources, poor whites and blacks had to compensate for their limited resources in other ways. Regester ends the interview with an evaluation of school integration. She contends that because of the psychological toll on blacks and the loss of black cultural institutions, integration did more harm than good.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations--20th century","African American women--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","School integration--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African American students--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Social conditions","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Social conditions"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Charlene Regester, February 23, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0216/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Nov. 10, 2008).","Interview participants: Charlene Regester, interviewee; Susan Upton, interviewer.","Duration: 00:45:47.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Regester, Charlene B., 1956-"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0215","title":"Oral history interview with Daniel H. Pollitt, February 22, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Potorti, David","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Pollitt, Daniel H."],"dc_date":["2001-02-22"],"dcterms_description":["Emerging from a family of progressive ministers, military servicemen, and attorneys, Daniel Pollitt came to link his religious and liberal racial beliefs to his civic duty. His forward-minded family heritage influenced his choice of careers. Pollitt worked as a clerk for a court of appeals judge and later served on the staff of Joseph Rauh, founder of Americans for Democratic Action. By the late 1940s, Pollitt discovered a passion for teaching and taught legal courses at American University and the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville. However, when asked to sign a loyalty oath stating noninvolvement with racial justice organizations, Pollitt refused. Instead, he assumed a teaching position at the University of North Carolina School of Law. At UNC, Pollitt emerged as the liberal faculty supporter for civil rights causes. Although some students remained apathetic to social issues, Pollitt argues that UNC students, and more notably, local high school students, pushed civil rights issues to the foreground in Chapel Hill. Student activists opposed the Speaker Ban law, which prohibited communist speakers from speaking on campus. Pollitt describes his efforts, along with those of Bill Alstyne and McNeil Smith, to defend the students. Smith's closing statement invoked the progressive tradition of UNC students, and the Speaker Ban was abolished. Pollitt also participated in nonviolent training to prepare blacks and student activists to resist segregationists' violent attacks, and he served as the faculty advisor to the student NAACP organization. He wrote favorable articles about southern integration for UNC law school dean Henry Brandis, including \"Equal Protection in Public Education, 1954-61,\" \"Dime Store Demonstrations: Events and Legal Problems of the First Sixty Days,\" and \"Legal Problems in Southern Desegregation: The Chapel Hill Story.\" Pollitt's involvement with civil rights protests primarily consisted of picketing and legal defense of civil rights demonstrators. He actively sought ways to recruit black students to UNC. Pollitt ultimately found support from basketball coach Dean Smith, thereby helping to break the color barrier in UNC sports. Pollitt worked with several advocacy groups, including the North Carolina American Civil Liberties Union and the Association of American University Professors. His support of civil rights issues led to physical and verbal threats.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Law teachers--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Civil rights workers--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Civil rights movements--North Carolina","African Americans--Segregation--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill--Students--Political activity","Student movements--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","School integration--North Carolina"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Daniel H. Pollitt, February 22, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0215/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on Nov. 13, 2008).","Interview participants: Daniel H. Pollitt, interviewee; David Potorti, interviewer.","Duration: 01:13:41.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Pollitt, Daniel H."],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0537","title":"Oral history interview with Thurman Couch, February 12, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Gilgor, Bob","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Couch, Thurman"],"dc_date":["2001-02-12"],"dcterms_description":["Thurman Couch, a student at Lincoln High School, and among the first African American students to enter Chapel Hill High School, describes his experiences in segregated and desegregated schools. To Couch, the story of integration is a story of the decline of black tradition and the erosion of ties between schools and communities. A standout athlete, Couch complains that the sports programs and the marching band, programs which gave Lincoln High its identity and served as essential conduits between black schools and black neighborhoods, lost some of their character under integration. Couch speaks passionately about the traditions of the pre-integration black community and places all-black schools at the center; he speaks equally passionately about the damage to the black community brought about by integration, in particular the loss of African American economic independence. This interview radiates with pride and frustration, spirituality and indignation.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["School integration--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Civil rights demonstrations--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations","African American students--Education (Secondary)--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African American students--Civil rights--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","High school athletes--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Segregation in education--North Carolina--Chapel Hill"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Thurman Couch, February 12, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0537/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Duration: 01:02:34"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Couch, Thurman"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0547","title":"Oral history interview with Burnis Hackney, February 5, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Gilgor, Bob","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Hackney, Burnis"],"dc_date":["2001-02-05"],"dcterms_description":["In 1966, Burnis Hackney was among the first African Americans to enroll in the new, integrated Chapel Hill High School (CHHS). In this interview, Hackney attempts to resolve his belief in the essential value of integration with his regret for the traditions jettisoned during the process. The process itself went relatively smoothly for Hackney, who did not experience direct racism from white students or teachers. The most difficult element of the transition was leaving the nurturing atmosphere at Lincoln High School for the academically demanding, individualistic ethos of CHHS. A sense of inevitability flows through this interview: Hackney remembers that he and other black students were resigned to the integration process, which seemed determined to move forward despite how African Americans felt about it.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["School integration--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations.","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Attitudes","African American students--Education (Secondary)--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--20th century","Chapel Hill High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Burnis Hackney, February 5, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0547/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Duration: 01:34:32"],"dlg_subject_personal":["Hackney, Burnis"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0476","title":"Oral history interview with Brenda Tapia, February 2, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Johnson, Jonetta","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Mecklenburg County, 35.24671, -80.83276","United States, North Carolina, Mecklenburg County, Huntersville, 35.41069, -80.84285"],"dcterms_creator":["Tapia, Brenda"],"dc_date":["2001-02-02"],"dcterms_description":["Brenda Tapia was one of the first African Americans to attend North Mecklenburg High School in Huntersville, North Carolina. In this interview, she describes her experiences there and reflects on the effects of desegregation. Tapia's experience with desegregation was overwhelmingly negative. Moved from her black school after a successful sophomore year, she entered North Mecklenburg as an unknown, excluded from participating in clubs and marginalized in the classroom. By graduation night of her senior year, Tapia was furious. Her experience and observations led her to view desegregation as \"one of the worst things that could have been done to [African Americans].\" She maintains that though it changed the law, it did not change white Americans' attitudes, and she argues that its legacy is a black community sapped by discrimination.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African American women--North Carolina--Huntersville","African American high school students--North Carolina--Huntersville","School integration--North Carolina--Huntersville","African Americans--Civil rights--North Carolina--Huntersville","Huntersville (N.C.)--Race relations"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Brenda Tapia, February 2, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/K-0476/menu.html"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["transcripts","sound recordings","oral histories (literary works)"],"dcterms_extent":["Title from menu page (viewed on November 10, 2008).","Interview participants: Brenda Tapia, interviewee; Jonetta Johnson, interviewer.","Duration: 00:43:14.","This electronic edition is part of the UNC-Chapel Hill digital library, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.","Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner. Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers."],"dlg_subject_personal":["Tapia, Brenda"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"noa_sohpcr_k-0544","title":"Oral history interview with Sheila Florence, January 20, 2001","collection_id":"noa_sohpcr","collection_title":"Oral Histories of the American South: The Civil Rights Movement","dcterms_contributor":["Gilgor, Bob","Southern Oral History Program"],"dcterms_spatial":["United States, North Carolina, Orange County, 36.0613, -79.1206","United States, North Carolina, Orange County, Chapel Hill, 35.9132, -79.05584"],"dcterms_creator":["Florence, Sheila, 1947-"],"dc_date":["2001-01-20"],"dcterms_description":["Sheila Florence, among the first African Americans to desegregate Chapel Hill High School in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, remembers growing up in the segregated South and working to end desegregation. 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Researchers interested in the details of life in a low-income African American community after World War II should look to the beginning of this interview for additional information.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["School integration--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Chapel Hill High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Segregation in education--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Civil rights demonstrations--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Social life and customs--20th century","African Americans--Segregation--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--20th century","African American students--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--20th century"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Sheila Florence, January 20, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 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This interview is more useful as a source of information on the small goings-on of everyday life than it is as a source of broad evaluative statements about the integration of public education.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["School integration--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","Segregation in education--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Social life and customs--20th century","African Americans--Segregation--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--20th century","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Attitudes","African American students--Education (Secondary)--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Stella Nickerson, January 20, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 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This, along with tensions between white and black students, led Durham to participate in the 1968 \"riot\" at Chapel Hill High School.","The Civil Rights Digital Library received support from a National Leadership Grant for Libraries awarded to the University of Georgia by the Institute of Museum and Library Services for the aggregation and enhancement of partner metadata."],"dc_format":["text/html","text/xml","audio/mpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":["eng"],"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["Forms part of Oral histories of the American South collection."],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["Chapel Hill (N.C.)--Race relations","School integration--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Attitudes","African Americans--North Carolina--Chapel Hill--Social life and customs--20th century","African American students--Education (Secondary)--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Segregation in education--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Civil rights demonstrations--North Carolina--Chapel Hill","Chapel Hill High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.)"],"dcterms_title":["Oral history interview with Walter Durham, January 19 and 26, 2001"],"dcterms_type":["Text","Sound"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 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