{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"nge_ngen_m-2652","title":"Booker T. Washington","collection_id":"nge_ngen","collection_title":"New Georgia Encyclopedia","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, 39.76, -98.5"],"dcterms_creator":["Harris \u0026 Ewing"],"dc_date":["1905"],"dcterms_description":["African American educator and leader Booker T. Washington delivered what is widely regarded as one of the most significant speeches in American history, the \"Atlanta Compromise\" speech, in 1895.","Photograph of Booker T. Washington. In this head-and-shoulders view, he wears a suit and faces forward.","African American educator and leader Booker T. Washington delivered what is widely regarded as one of the most significant speeches in American history, the \"Atlanta Compromise\" speech, in 1895. It is considered the definitive statement of what Washington termed the \"accommodationist\" strategy of black response to southern racial tensions."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Washington, Booker T. An Autobiography: The Story of My Life and Work. Toronto, Ont., Naperville, Ill.: J. L. Nichols \u0026 Co., 1901."],"dc_relation":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/atlanta-compromise-speech","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/atlanta-compromise-speech","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia","Harris \u0026 Ewing Collection"],"dcterms_subject":["Educators--United States","African American educators","Orators--United States","African American orators","Teachers--United States","African American teachers","Civil rights workers--United States","African American civil rights workers","African American authors","Men--United States","African American men","Authors, American"],"dcterms_title":["Booker T. Washington"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":["http://loc.gov/pictures/resource/hec.16114/"],"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/atlanta-compromise-speech/m-2652/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["From Autobiography: The Story of My Life and Work, by B. T. Washington","Courtesy of Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Washington, Booker T., 1856-1915"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"nge_ngen_m-1326","title":"Frances Pauley","collection_id":"nge_ngen","collection_title":"New Georgia Encyclopedia","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, DeKalb County, Decatur, 33.77483, -84.29631"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1905/2003"],"dcterms_description":["Frances Pauley, social activist and political organizer, devoted her life to the battle against prejudice and discrimination in the South.","Photograph of Frances Pauley. She wears eyeglasses and a cross around her neck. She faces forward and smiles.","Pauley, a social activist and political organizer, devoted her life to the battle against prejudice and discrimination in the South."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/frances-pauley-1905-2003","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/frances-pauley-1905-2003","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dcterms_subject":["Social reformers--Georgia--Decatur","Women social reformers--Georgia--Decatur","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Decatur","Women civil rights workers--Georgia--Decatur","Feminists--Georgia--Decatur","Women--Georgia--Decatur","Civil rights--Southern States","Political consultants--Georgia--Decatur","Women political consultants--Georgia--Decatur"],"dcterms_title":["Frances Pauley"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/frances-pauley-1905-2003/m-1326/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Courtesy of Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Book Library, Emory University","Stuart A. Rose Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Book Library, Emory University"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status."],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Pauley, Frances Freeborn, 1905-2003"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"nge_ngen_m-10739","title":"William Holmes Borders","collection_id":"nge_ngen","collection_title":"New Georgia Encyclopedia","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1905/1993"],"dcterms_description":["The Reverend William Holmes Borders served as pastor of Wheat Street Baptist Church in Atlanta from 1937 to 1988. In the late 1950s he led the Love, Law, and Liberation Movement to desegregate the city's bus system, and in the 1960s he arranged for the construction of a low-income housing project, Wheat Street Gardens.","Image of a head-and-shoulders photograph of the Reverend William Holmes Borders, who served as pastor of Wheat Street Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia from 1937 to 1988. In the late 1950s he led the Love, Law, and Liberation Movement to desegregate the city's bus system, and in the 1960s he arranged for the construction of a low-income housing project, Wheat Street Gardens."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/william-holmes-borders-1905-1993","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/william-holmes-borders-1905-1993","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dcterms_subject":["Clergy--Georgia--Atlanta","African American clergy--Georgia--Atlanta","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","Baptists--Clergy","Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","African Americans--Civil rights--Georgia--Atlanta","Civic leaders--Georgia--Atlanta","African American civic leaders--Georgia--Atlanta","African American political activists--Georgia--Atlanta","Political activists--Georgia--Atlanta","Wheat Street Baptist Church (Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dcterms_title":["William Holmes Borders"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/william-holmes-borders-1905-1993/m-10739/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Courtesy of Wheat Street Baptist Church; Estate of the Reverend William Holmes Borders Sr"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status."],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Borders, William Holmes, 1905-1993"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"nge_ngen_m-2653","title":"Booker T. Washington","collection_id":"nge_ngen","collection_title":"New Georgia Encyclopedia","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Alabama, Macon County, 32.38597, -85.69267","United States, Alabama, Macon County, Tuskegee, 32.42415, -85.69096"],"dcterms_creator":["Unknown Photographer"],"dc_date":["1903"],"dcterms_description":["Booker T. Washington in his office at the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute in Alabama.","Photograph of Booker T. Washington in his office at the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute in Tuskegee, Alabama. He sits at a desk on which a vase of flowers sits. Washington founded the school in 1881 as a school for training African American teachers. The school now is a four-year private university which serves a predominantly African American enrollment.","African American educator and leader Booker T. Washington delivered what is widely regarded as one of the most significant speeches in American history, the \"Atlanta Compromise\" speech, in 1895. It is considered the definitive statement of what Washington termed the \"accommodationist\" strategy of black response to southern racial tensions."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Washington, Booker T. Working with the Hands. 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Washington"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/atlanta-compromise-speech/m-2653/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["From Working with the Hands, by B. T. Washington","From 'The Succesful Training of the Negro' (1903), by B. T. Washington"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":null,"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Washington, Booker T., 1856-1915"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"nge_ngen_m-7479","title":"James Weldon Johnson","collection_id":"nge_ngen","collection_title":"New Georgia Encyclopedia","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1900"],"dcterms_description":["James Weldon Johnson, noted Harlem Renaissance poet and civil rights leader, graduated from Atlanta University (now Clark Atlanta University) in 1894. While a student in Atlanta, Johnson also taught school for two summers in nearby Hampton.","Photograph of James Weldon Johnson, noted Harlem Renaissance poet and civil rights leader. He sits at a desk and holds a phone.","Johnson graduated from Atlanta University (now Clark Atlanta University) in 1894. While a student in Atlanta, Johnson also taught school for two summers in nearby Hampton."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/counties-cities-neighborhoods/henry-county","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-NC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/counties-cities-neighborhoods/henry-county","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dcterms_subject":["Teachers--Georgia--Hampton","African American teachers--Georgia--Hampton","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African American poets--Georgia--Atlanta","Men--Georgia--Atlanta","African American men--Georgia--Atlanta","Poets, American--Georgia--Atlanta","Authors, American--Georgia--Atlanta"],"dcterms_title":["James Weldon Johnson"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/counties-cities-neighborhoods/henry-county/m-7479/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Courtesy of Clark Atlanta University","Courtesy of Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status."],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Johnson, James Weldon, 1871-1938"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"nge_ngen_m-418","title":"Lillian Smith","collection_id":"nge_ngen","collection_title":"New Georgia Encyclopedia","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Rabun County, Clayton, 34.87815, -83.40099"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1897/1966"],"dcterms_description":["Lillian Smith's best-known work, Strange Fruit (1944), is a novel of illicit interracial love that gained its author national attention.","Photograph of Lillian Smith. She wears a necklace and has cropped hair. Smith was one of the first prominent white southerners to denounce racial segregation openly and to work actively against the entrenched and often brutally enforced world of Jim Crow."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/lillian-smith-1897-1966","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/lillian-smith-1897-1966","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dcterms_subject":["Women--Georgia--Clayton","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Clayton","Women civil rights workers--Georgia--Clayton","Political activists--Georgia--Clayton","Women political activists--Georgia--Clayton","Authors, American--Georgia--Clayton","Women authors, American--Georgia--Clayton"],"dcterms_title":["Lillian Smith"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/literature-overview/m-418/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Courtesy of Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library, University of Georgia Libraries","If you wish to use any Hargrett Library Materials (whole or in part) for publication in electronic or any other form, you must obtain the specific written permission of both the owner of the physical property and the holder of the copyright","Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library, University of Georgia Libraries"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status."],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Smith, Lillian (Lillian Eugenia), 1897-1966"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"nge_ngen_m-419","title":"Lillian Smith","collection_id":"nge_ngen","collection_title":"New Georgia Encyclopedia","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Rabun County, Clayton, 34.87815, -83.40099"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1897/1966"],"dcterms_description":["The author Lillian Smith, a longtime resident of Clayton, is best known for her novel Strange Fruit, published in 1944, and her nonfiction treatise Killers of the Dream, first published in 1949 and reissued in 1961. 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Trees and a parked car appear behind her. Smith was one of the first prominent white southerners to denounce racial segregation openly and to work actively against the entrenched and often brutally enforced world of Jim Crow."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/lillian-smith-1897-1966","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/lillian-smith-1897-1966","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dcterms_subject":["Women--Georgia--Clayton","Civil rights workers--Georgia--Clayton","Women civil rights workers--Georgia--Clayton","Political activists--Georgia--Clayton","Women political activists--Georgia--Clayton","Automobiles--Georgia--Clayton","Streets--Georgia--Clayton","Mountains--Georgia--Clayton","Storefronts--Georgia--Clayton","Trees--Georgia--Clayton","Authors, American--Georgia--Clayton","Women authors, American--Georgia--Clayton"],"dcterms_title":["Lillian Smith"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/lillian-smith-1897-1966/m-420/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Courtesy of Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library, University of Georgia Libraries","If you wish to use any Hargrett Library Materials (whole or in part) for publication in electronic or any other form, you must obtain the specific written permission of both the owner of the physical property and the holder of the copyright","Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library, University of Georgia Libraries"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status."],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Smith, Lillian (Lillian Eugenia), 1897-1966"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"nge_ngen_m-3840","title":"Benjamin Mays","collection_id":"nge_ngen","collection_title":"New Georgia Encyclopedia","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1894/1984"],"dcterms_description":["Benjamin Mays speaks with Atlanta mayor Ivan Allen Jr.","Photograph of Benjamin Mays speaking with Atlanta, Georgia mayor Ivan Allen Jr. Both men wear tuxedos; Allen's suit is black, and Mays' tuxedo is white. Mays is perhaps best known as the longtime president of Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia. He was also a significant mentor to civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. and was among the most articulate and outspoken critics of segregation before the rise of the modern civil rights movement in the United States."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/education/benjamin-mays-ca-1894-1984","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/education/benjamin-mays-ca-1894-1984","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","College presidents--Georgia--Atlanta","African American college administrators--Georgia--Atlanta","Mayors--Georgia--Atlanta","Men--Georgia--Atlanta","African American men--Georgia--Atlanta","Morehouse College (Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dcterms_title":["Benjamin Mays"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/education/benjamin-mays-ca-1894-1984/m-3840/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Reprinted with permission from The Atlanta Journal-Constitution","Atlanta Journal-Constitution"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status."],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Allen, Ivan, 1911-2003","Mays, Benjamin E. (Benjamin Elijah), 1894-1984"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"nge_ngen_m-8917","title":"Benjamin Mays","collection_id":"nge_ngen","collection_title":"New Georgia Encyclopedia","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1894/1984"],"dcterms_description":["After a period of decline during the 1930s, Morehouse College emerged as a thriving institution under the guidance of Benjamin Mays, who served as the school's president from 1940 until 1967. During his tenure, Mays encouraged both faculty and students, including the young Martin Luther King Jr., to become involved in the civil rights movement.","Photograph of Benjamin Mays. He rests his chin on his left hand. He holds his eyeglasses.","Mays was the president of Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia from 1940 until his retirement in 1967. He was also a significant mentor to civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. and was among the most articulate and outspoken critics of segregation before the rise of the modern civil rights movement in the United States."],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":null,"dc_relation":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/education/morehouse-college","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/education/morehouse-college","Forms part of: New Georgia Encyclopedia"],"dcterms_subject":["Civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","African American civil rights workers--Georgia--Atlanta","College presidents--Georgia--Atlanta","African American college administrators--Georgia--Atlanta","Windows--Georgia--Atlanta","Educators--Georgia--Atlanta","African American educators--Georgia--Atlanta","Men--Georgia--Atlanta","African American men--Georgia--Atlanta","Eyeglasses--Georgia--Atlanta","Morehouse College (Atlanta, Ga.)"],"dcterms_title":["Benjamin Mays"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["New Georgia Encyclopedia (Project)"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/education/morehouse-college/m-8917/"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":["Courtesy of Morehouse College"],"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact holding institution for information regarding use and copyright status."],"dcterms_medium":["black-and-white photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Mays, Benjamin E. 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