{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"aru_unequal_1337","title":"Lesson from Little Rock","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1957"],"dcterms_description":["Essay by Reverend Colbert C. Cartwright condemning the Little Rock School Board for not better preparing for integration.","Integration -- Desegregation -- African-Americans -- Blacks -- Little Rock Central High School -- Little Rock (Ark.) -- Virgil Blossom -- Little Rock -- Pulaski","\"Lesson from Little Rock\" Of human relations, became increasingly disturbed as they realized that the social forces of Little Rock when not being marshaled to aid in a smooth transition to integration. No one knew that what might happen. There might be trouble, for which no one was ready. Had the school board developed adequate plans with law enforcement officials for every eventuality? Several prominent Little Rock citizens investigated the possibility of bringing to the city a law enforcement official nationally known as an expert in the field of police-community realtions to councel quietly with local officials. When Dr. Blossom approached on the possibility, he replied that he had adequately studied the problem and needed no outside help. The Governor To The Rescue Governor Faubus' decision on September 2 to call out the troops and to block integration was the natural outcome of every step the Little Rock School Board had taken. It had insisted all along that the only reason the schools were integrated was that the Federal Government was forcing it to do so. It had consistently refused to seek the help of the community in gaining moral support ofr its reluctant help. Then the Governor in shining armor came to the rescue. He said the school board did not need to integrate, that since the community was not prepared for integration there would be violance. He would call out the militia as the \"preservator of the peace.\" Dr. Blossom, the school board and Little Rock's leading citizens were stunned by Faubus' unprecedented actions. They did not want the Governor to interfere. Knowing that some racial mixing in the public schools is inevitable, they would prefer tp have it come about peacefully and on their own terms. What they failed to consider was that their whole approach had plaed directly into the hands of the members of white citi- zens councils. Having sought to prepare the communitu solely upon a legal- istic basis, they had no defense when the Governor, prompted by rabid segre- gationists in Little Rock, insisted he had found the needed loophole. Three days after the Governor order his troops to prevent in- tegration in the name of State rights, the school board found itself in the position of being on the Governor's side. It went to Federal court and petitioned the judge to suspend temporarily the plan for integration. This was exactly what the Governor and his white citizen council cohorts were pleading for. The School Board's house of cards had fully collapsed. Citizens who had agreed to compliance if there was no other way out now took fresh hope in the Governor's action and the school board's acquies- cence. Little Rock became sharply divided. Arguments among Little Rock citizens will continue for years as to whether Governor Faubus got a square deal in Federal court. Few will question why the problem arose in the first place. Fewer still will be aware of the responsibility the school board must share for the ridicu- lous situation which arose. The experiences of Washington, Louisville, and Clinton all point to the fact that transition, difficult at best, can come about only if all the resources of the community are marshaled to help. Tey have taugh that the moral and social psychological aspects of the problem must be adequately considered. Little Rock tried a different path. On Sept. 2 it was confronted with a \"dead end\" sign. It is still a question whether the school board can read the sign."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Lesson from Little Rock"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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OUR PRAYER' FOR CHRISTIAN ACTION The local e~s to integrate our Central High School, in compliance wfth a Federal ruling, have resulted in an un· usual state of tension in o'ur community. As Christian laymen who believe we should try to live by the precepts of Him who is our Lord, we wish to state publicly our opposition to violence. We also deplore the unbridled passions aroused by such mob action as now prevails in our city. Therefore we, members of the Session of Westover Hills Presbyterian · Church, Little Rock, Arkansas, reaffirm our Christian convictions and we pray: 1. That Christ's will may he clear to each and all of us in these times of conflict. 'c 2. That our community may abide by Christian principles and 7peacefully, by legal a,nd judicial means, accept or reject '•} racial desegregation. ·,,,., 3. That our law enforcement agencies provide protection for all of our citizens, regardless of race, and that they prompt• ly disperse any mobs. We feel that this is essential to prevent violence. 4. That every civic' and church organization give urgent and prayerful consideration to the current threat to the peace of this community. We further pray that they immediately give public expression to their convictions. In this way, we feel that the true desire of this community may be evident to all of us and to the world. We ask this, feeling certain that ' most of the citizens of our community desire only peace and that they abhor violence. Signed: Joseph A. Norton LaRue Bowker E. B. Madden Donald Ogden Fred J. Gray, Jr, Leslie Grady Gordon N. Wilson R. A. Tilden Joel H. Spragins W. T. Hatley L. Prentice Booe R. E. Woodmansee James W. Littleton L. Lamar Armstrong Paul E. 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