{"response":{"docs":[{"id":"aru_unequal_374","title":"Jerome Relocation Center Sign","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1943"],"dcterms_description":["Construction sign at the Jerome Relocation Center, which housed Japanese Americans during World War II","Japanese-Americans -- Jerome Relocation Camps -- Jerome -- Drew"],"dc_format":["image/jpeg"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Denson High School 1943 yearbook"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Jerome Relocation Center Sign"],"dcterms_type":["StillImage"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/374"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_517","title":"Painting of Scene at Jerome Internment Center","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1943"],"dcterms_description":["Painting by noted Japanese American artist and Jerome internment center internee Henry Sugimoto.","Civil Rights -- Japanese-Americans -- Japanese Relocation -- Denson -- Drew"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Library of Congress, U.S. War Relocation Authority (C1357, Box 2, File 6a)"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Painting of Scene at Jerome Internment Center"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/517"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["documents (object genre)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Sugimoto, Henry, 1901-1990"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_1545","title":"Part of the Faculty at Jerome Japanese \"Relocation\" Center","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1943"],"dcterms_description":["A portion of the faculty at Denson High School, Jerome Relocation Center, in 1943.","Japanese-Americans -- Education -- Jerome Relocation Camps -- Jerome -- Drew"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Denson High School 1943 yearbook"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Part of the Faculty at Jerome Japanese \"Relocation\" Center"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/1545"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["documents (object genre)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_1544","title":"Part of the Faculty at Jerome Japanese \"Relocation\" Center","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1943"],"dcterms_description":["A portion of the faculty at Denson High School, Jerome Relocation Center, in 1943.","Japanese-Americans -- Education -- Jerome Relocation Camps -- Jerome -- Drew","Row 1: Dorothy Webb - Social Science. Gladys Williams - English. Mary White - Physical Education. Row 2: Mascio Yata - Mechanical Drawing. Hiroshi Kusakai - Physical Edu- cation. Tokiyo Sakai - Sewing. Row 3: Corinne Key - English. Etta Neal Mayhan - English. Vance Martin - Social Science. Ellen Morrow - English. Group picture of office force: Naomi Tagawa, Marion Imamoto, Violet Ogata, and Aiko Iwanabe. Mrs. Sachi Toshiyuki and Sue Minakami who were with the office for nearly the entire year are not pictured here since they left for other positions before pictures were completed."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Denson High School 1943 yearbook"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Part of the Faculty at Jerome Japanese \"Relocation\" Center"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/1544"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["documents (object genre)"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_581","title":"A Student Essay Condemns Japanese American Internment","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1943"],"dcterms_description":["Essay written by Jerome internment camp high-school student Akiko Higake.","Civil Rights -- Internment Camps -- Japanese-Americans -- Relocation Camps -- Jerome High School -- Denson -- Drew","Higake, Akiko Per. 5- Resettlement The issue brought forth for the resettlement of the niseis as well as the isseis, has many big problems to be solved before venturing into this major step. Many of us feel that the mass evacuation of the Japanese, both citizens are now citizens, in the name of the military necessity was not an adequate way to handle the situation. There has been no invasion, nor sabotage, nor disloyal violance. Therefore now, the War Relocatio Authority is trying to resettle the (evacuees) center residents to normal American life. Since government agencies have been set up to assist evacuees to adjust themselves to new communities thousands of people, as a result, went out to face their new adventures of life. But still the remaining majority of the evacuees resettlement problem is an issue yet to be solved. The majority of the ressettlers are niseis while the percentage of isseis is very low. We can hardly blame them to face another life's battle in the unkown regions. They, the first generation, without the least knowledge of the English language or the new surroundings came to this land with the dominant pioneering spirit of settling. They worked hard to give their children the necessities of an American way of life. Though undergoing many hardships they did reach this goal, only to be shattered by the order of evacuation under the emergency for our protection and public security. The majority of the outside public still do not know the present condition of the niseis. Many are inclined to"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["A Student Essay Condemns Japanese American Internment"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/581"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["essays"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Higake, Akiko"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_582","title":"A Student Essay Condemns Japanese American Internment","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1943"],"dcterms_description":["Essay written by Jerome internment camp high-school student Akiko Higake.","Civil Rights -- Internment Camps -- Japanese-Americans -- Relocation Camps -- Jerome High School -- Denson -- Drew","take the propaganda views in the newspapers, magazines, and funnies, which have great influence on the creation of public opinion and some people may look upon us with suspicion, fear and hate. Therefore, resettling in new communities the evacuees should try to make a good impression on the public and not be conspicuous in anyway as to: clothes, manners (attitudes), and language, as we are alread conspicouos by our facial features. Thus, in delivering the genuine facts to the true Americans, we who in the future may resettle, shall be able to receive the just and fair treatment wherever we go in this land of liberty. The question where to resettle is on of the major issues in everyones mind. In government works as well as private enterprises, the doors of services must be opened to all regardless of race, color, creed, and class with the same treatment. But still certain jobs are denied to the Japanese-Americans because of their racial origin. The employment opened for us now are mainly domestic services, farm help and other minor works. If defense jobs are open to Japanese-Americans ina large number, this equal opportunit of occupation will lead many of us to do the utmost to demonstrate our patriotism through the services in the home front production. Still in view of past-war issues, the retirement of soldiers may affect many of us because of their first hand opportunity to obtain jobs since acquiring jobs is according to each individual's views. They who resettle in new communities have a tendency to congregate themselves in our area. Naturally they do want to live near other Japanese and it is indeed a privilege and ___ for civilized people to have freedom of choosing a dwelling place, but this situation gradually will create another est coast problem. So in order to integrate into new localities it is adviseable to choose a smaller community where one might have a greater opportunity to know and make friends with the overseers and eventually help to realize a fraternal community of tolerance and cooperation. In view of the students angle many people lack the opportunity to further their education. An equal opportunity of education should be given to all the ambitious men and women because if it is largely the schools that produce the builders of the nation which in turn utilize the happiness of humanity.and"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["A Student Essay Condemns Japanese American Internment"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/582"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["essays"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Higake, Akiko"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_583","title":"A Student Essay Condemns Japanese American Internment","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1943"],"dcterms_description":["Essay written by Jerome internment camp high-school student Akiko Higake.","Civil Rights -- Internment Camps -- Japanese-Americans -- Relocation Camps -- Jerome High School -- Denson -- Drew"],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":null,"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["A Student Essay Condemns Japanese American Internment"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/375"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["photographs"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":null,"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_844","title":"Black Democrats Seek Access to Democratic Primary","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1942-07-22"],"dcterms_description":["Article describing efforts by the Arkansas Negro Democratic Association to vote in 1942 Democratic primary.","Civil Rights -- African-Americans -- Blacks -- Democratic Party -- Arkansas Negro Democratic Association -- Little Rock -- Pulaski","Can't Vote Under Rules, Says County Party Official While officials of the state Dem- ocratic Committee could not be reached last night, June P. Wooten, secretary of the Pulaski County Democratic Committee, said: \"Un- der the party rules, they can't vote in the primary.\" Section 2 of the rules of the Dem- ocratic party of Arkansas states: \"Qualifications of Members (party) --The Democratic party of Arkan- sas shall consist of all eligible and legally qualified white electors who have openly declared their alle- giance to the principles and policies of the Democratic party, as set forth in the platform of the last preceding Democratic national and state conventions, who have sup- ported the Democratic nominees at the last preceding elections, and who are in sympathy with the duc- cess of the Democratic party in the next succeeding election.\" Mr. Wooten said if election judges and clerks chose to abide by the partu rules they could bar the polls to Negro voters in the pri- mary, despite their announced in- tention of voting only for candi- dates for federal offices. State Committee Should Decide, Says Governor. Governor Adkins informed of the meeting and asked whether he be- lieved the Negroes could vote in the primary, said last night he considered it \"clearly a matter of party regulations.\" \"I think it is a matter to be de- termined by the state Democratic committee,\" he said, \"and I think they have a right to make their own rules.\" During the next eight weeks the officer-candidates are just candi- dates, but if they make the grade and are commissioned, any friend- ships they have developed with non- commissioned men must be broken. The army frowns on enlisted per- sons dating officers and vice versa. Barret Opposed To Voting by Negroes. Joe C. Barrett of Jonesboro, chairman of the Democratic State Committtee, told the Gazatte what will happen when these Negroes try to vote in the primary will depend on the lection judges and clerks in each precinct. \"But the party rules speak for themselves in the matter, Mr. Bar- rett said, and I feel theu will be complied with.\" The state committee will not is- sue special instructions to local election judges and clerks with re- gard to voting by Negroes, Mr. Barrett said, \"unless some special request is made for us to do so. Judges and clerks are supposed ti know the party rules.\" Mr. Barrett said if any Negro group shoul request permission from the state committee to vote in the primary he wouldl vote against the request."],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Arkansas Gazette"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Black Democrats Seek Access to Democratic Primary"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/844"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["articles"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Barrett, Joe C.","Atkins, Homer"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_843","title":"Black Democrats Seek Access to Democratic Primary","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1942-07-22"],"dcterms_description":["Article describing efforts by the Arkansas Negro Democratic Association to vote in 1942 Democratic primary.","Civil Rights -- African-Americans -- Blacks -- Democratic Party -- Arkansas Negro Democratic Association -- Little Rock -- Pulaski","NEGROS PLAN AN EFFORT TO VOTE TUESDAY ________ Arrange Meeting Here Sunday. ________ Indications that a large number of Little Rock Negroes will attempt to vote in the July 28 Democratic primary were seen in announce- ment yesterday of a meeting of the Arkansas Negro Democratic Asso- ciation to be held at Dreamland hall, Ninth and State streets, at 5 p.m. Sunday. \"Political Mass Meeting\" Called for Sunday. In a prepared statement sent to the Gazette, Dr. J. M. Robinson, president of the association wrote: \"A political mass meeting for those interested in the Democratic party is called to meet at the Dreamland hall, Ninth and State streets, at 5 p.m. Sunday, July 26, 1942. \"Since November, 1928, during the candidacy of our illustrious Senator Robinson for the vice presi- dency, at least 10,000 of us have persistently supported the Demo- cratic ticket. We make no effort for mass voting for Negroes, no rep- etition of the 1870s. We only want orderly, liberty-loving, loyal Negro Democrats to vote for congression- al and senatorial candidates, tues- day, 28th inst. \"The Supreme Court of the land has decreed that we shall not be deprived of this privilege. We shall vote for the candidates of our choice without fanfare, making no effort to vote for those candidates who are not seeking federal offices, unless the judge at the polls vol- untarily permits such. \"It is the desire of the leaders of the Negro Democrats that we evolve into the primaries by our orderly and intelligent system of voting, thereby assuring the white South that in this era of peril*** we, the Negroes of Arkansas, through our loyalty, are worthy of the ballot.\""],"dc_format":["application/pdf"],"dcterms_identifier":null,"dcterms_language":null,"dcterms_publisher":["Fayetteville, Ark. : University of Arkansas Libraries"],"dc_relation":null,"dc_right":["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"dcterms_is_part_of":["Arkansas Gazette"],"dcterms_subject":["African Americans--Arkansas","Civil rights--Arkansas","Race discrimination--Arkansas","Segregation--Arkansas"],"dcterms_title":["Black Democrats Seek Access to Democratic Primary"],"dcterms_type":["Text"],"dcterms_provenance":["University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 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Libraries"],"edm_is_shown_by":null,"edm_is_shown_at":["http://digitalcollections.uark.edu/cdm/ref/collection/Civilrights/id/845"],"dcterms_temporal":null,"dcterms_rights_holder":null,"dcterms_bibliographic_citation":null,"dlg_local_right":["Please contact Special Collections for information on copyright."],"dcterms_medium":["articles"],"dcterms_extent":null,"dlg_subject_personal":["Barrett, Joe C.","Atkins, Homer"],"dcterms_subject_fast":null,"fulltext":null},{"id":"aru_unequal_1294","title":"Japanese American Student Biography","collection_id":"aru_unequal","collection_title":"Land of (Unequal) Opportunity: Documenting the Civil Rights Struggle in Arkansas","dcterms_contributor":null,"dcterms_spatial":["United States, Arkansas, 34.75037, -92.50044"],"dcterms_creator":null,"dc_date":["1942-01-11"],"dcterms_description":["Autobiography written by Jerome internment camp high-school student Mary Jane Hata.","Civil Rights -- Internment Camps -- Japanese-Americans -- Relocation Camps -- Denson High School -- Denson -- Drew","Autobiography in various activities. My days at Torrance were full of fun and laughter until the day of Dec. 9th, 1941 when the treacheraus enemies of America attacked Pearl Harbor. It came to me as a great shock. I never knew that Japan would do such things. Somehow, after the war broke out, I seem to be lacking in strnght and energy whcih I had before. On March 31, 1942 we were notified that we were to be evacuated into Santa Anita Assembly Center. We stayed in Santa Anita for voer six and one half months and had to live in house stables. 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